1、专题一 语法知识第1讲 动词与动词短语考点2 关注形近词和形近短语考点3 语境词义辨析栏目索引 考点1 熟词生义现象考点1 熟词生义现象 1.We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite,rather than _ us.(2016浙江,8)A.divideB.reject C.controlD.abandon 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:当我们学会求同存异,而非对立分歧时,我们会收获颇多。divide分开,使产生分歧;reject拒绝;control控制;abandon放弃,抛弃。根据句意可知选A。解析 123
2、2.Shakespeares writing is still popular today.It has really _the test of time.(2014安徽,34)A.failedB.stood C.takenD.conducted 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:莎士比亚的作品现在依然流行,它真的已经经受住了时间的考验。由句意可知选B。解析 1233.Try not to cough more than you can_since it may causeproblems to your lungs.(2013新课标全国,23)A.checkB.allowC.stopD.help
3、解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:尽量不要咳嗽除非忍不住,因为那样会给你的肺带来问题。can help忍得住。check核查;allow允许;stop停止。解析 123考点归纳 熟词生义现象在高考中屡屡出现,有时会给考生带来不小的困难。应对的措施是在日常的学习备考中对常见的词汇除了掌握其基本意义外,对其不太常用的义项也要作适当的了解;其次要对一些具有“熟词生义”的词汇作强化记忆处理,以便在应考时做到胸有成竹。如下列单词的“熟词生义”:ache渴望;address在上写地址;alone只有;appreciate意识到;blue忧伤的;count有价值;cover够用;develop逐渐形成;draw推
4、断出;date约会;escape被忘掉;fail使失望,衰竭;foreign不熟悉的;fresh无经验的;ground理由;invite招致;late已故的;might力量;observe遵守,庆祝;push督促;promise预示;part分手,放弃;read写着;relate讲述;say假设;subject易遭受的;walk遛等。返回 考点2 关注形近词和形近短语 1.Many businesses started up by college students have _ thanksto the comfortable climate for business creation.(20
5、16江苏,30)A.fallen offB.taken off C.turned offD.left off 解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为:由于良好的创业环境,许多大学生的创业项目已经成功。take off成功,起飞,符合句意。fall off跌落,下降;turn off关掉;leave off停止(做)某事,戒掉,均不符合题意。解析 1234562.Tom had to _ the invitation to the party last weekend becausehe was too busy.(2015天津,10)A.turn inB.turn down C.turn overD.
6、turn to 解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为:因为太忙,上周末汤姆不得不拒绝了聚会的邀请。turn down拒绝,符合语境。turn in上交;turn over(使)翻转,调转;turn to(使)转向,求助于。解析 1234563.Body language can _ a lot about your mood,so standing withyourarmsfoldedcansendoutasignalthatyouarebeingdefensive.(2015浙江,7)A.take awayB.throw away C.put awayD.give away 解析 考查动词短语辨析
7、。句意为:身势语能够清楚地泄露出你的情绪,因此双臂交叉站着则表示你正在防御。give away泄露,符合语境。takeaway拿开,拿走;throw away扔掉;put away收起来,放好,储存。解析 1234564.Studies have shown that the right and left ear _ sounddifferently.(2015浙江,5)A.produceB.pronounce C.processD.download 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:研究表明左右耳处理声音的方式不同。process 加 工,处 理,符 合 语 境。produce 生 产,制 作,创
8、 作;pronounce发音;download下载。解析 1234565.Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to_ the soul of Qu Yuan.(2014江苏,33)A.rememberB.remind C.recoverD.recall 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:传说端午节的起源是为了召回屈原的灵魂。remember记住;remind提醒;recover康复,使恢复;recall召回。解析 1234566.Seeing the big crowd coming towards him,he
9、started to run down thehill,but _ and went down on his hands and knees in themelting snow.(2014湖北,23)A.slippedB.skied C.signaledD.sank 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:看见一大群人朝他过来,他开始往山下跑,但是他滑倒了,手和膝盖磕在渐融的雪地上。slip滑倒,符合句意。ski滑雪;signal发信号,示意;sink下降,沉没。解析 123456考点归纳 1.对英语中的一些形近词,考生常常混淆其意义,所以在复习的过程中要予以强化记忆,重点突破。如以字母a开头的词:ap
10、proach,apply,appeal,appoint,appear,approve;adopt,adapt,adore,adjust;aboard,abroad;absorb,absolute,abuse,abrupt;access,accent,accept,accuse,account;attach,attack,attend,attain,attract等;像短语动词:attain to,attend to,attach to,adapt to,adjust to,apply to,appeal to等。2.动词短语的考查通常有两种形式:(1)同一个动词不同的介词或副词,如set短语,
11、get短语,come短语,turn短语,break短语等;(2)不同的动词加同一个介词或副词,如come up,make up,turn up,bring up等,所以平时要牢记某些固定短语在语境中的用法。返回 考点3 语境词义辨析 1.He did not _ easily,but was willing to accept any constructiveadvice for a worthy cause.(2016江苏,25)A.approachB.wrestle C.compromiseD.communicate 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:他不轻易妥协,但他很乐意接受对一项崇高事业的
12、任何建设性的建议。compromise妥协,符合句意。解析 123452.When their children lived far away from them,these old people felt_ from the world.(2016浙江,12)A.carried awayB.broken down C.cut offD.brought up 解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为:当孩子们住得离他们很远时,这些老人们感觉到与这个世界隔绝了。carry away带走,夺走;breakdown抛锚,垮掉;cut off切断,隔离;bring up抚养,提出。根据句意可知选C。解析 123
13、453.When the time came to make the final decision for a course,I decidedto apply for the one that _ my interest.(2016浙江,14)A.limitedB.reserved C.reflectedD.spoiled 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:当最后决定选一门课程时,我决定申请那门反映我兴趣的课程。reflect反映,体现,符合语境。limit限制;reserve预订,保留;spoil毁掉,溺爱。解析 123454.Mary was silent during the early p
14、art of the discussion but finally she_ her opinion on the subject.(2016天津,8)A.gave voice toB.kept an eye on C.turned a deaf ear toD.set foot on 解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为:玛丽在讨论初期保持了沉默,但最终还是提出了对这一话题的看法。give voice to意为“表达对的想法”,符合语境。keep an eye on照看,留意;turn a deaf ear to对充耳不闻;set foot on进入,参观。解析 123455.I hate it
15、when she calls me at workIm always too busy to_ a conversation with her.(2016天津,14)A.carry onB.break into C.turn downD.cut off 解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为:我讨厌工作时她给我打电话我一直很忙,没时间与她进行谈话。carry on意为“进行,继续”,符合语境。break into打断,闯入;turn down调低,拒绝;cut off停止,中断。解析 12345解题方法 语境词义辨析的关键是要理解句意以及上下文语境。其次要注意以下两点:一是要注意该动词是及物动词还是不
16、及物动词,是延续性动词还是终止性动词;二是要注意一些特殊的动词,如连系动词等。这样就能做到有的放矢。对于动词短语来说,平时一定要注意积累,这样在具体的语境中才能够灵活地使用。1.If you come to visit China,you will _ a culture of amazingdepth and variety.(2015安徽,22)A.developB.create C.substituteD.experience 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:如果你来访问中国,你将体验到具有惊人的深度和多样性的文化。develop开发;create创造;substitute替代;experience经历,体验。解析 122.The university started some new language programs to _ thecountrys Silk Road Economic Belt.(2015江苏,27)A.apply toB.cater for C.appeal toD.hunt for 解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为:大学开始开设一些新的语言项目,以迎合国家的“丝绸之路经济带”。apply to适用于,申请;cater for迎合,满足所需;appeal to呼吁,上诉;hunt for搜寻。解析 12返回