1、2014高考英语文章阅读类：2013暑假练习题（18）及答案解析第二部分： 阅读理解 (共25小题；每小题2分，满分50分)第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。AHonesty may well be the policy, but it often deserts us when no one is watching, psychologists report today. Experiments with an honesty box to collect payments for hot drinks show that p
2、eople are better at paying up when under the gaze(注视) of a pair of eyes. The surprise was that the eyes were not real, but photographed.Researchers at Newcastle University set up the experiment in secret. They attached a poster to a cupboard of mugs above an-honesty box alongside a kettle ,with tea,
3、 coffee and milk. Over 10 weeks, they alternated each week between images of eyes and pictures of flowers.Dr. Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study, said that even though the eyes were not real they still seemed to make people behave more honestly. They effect may arise from behavi
4、oral characteristics that developed as early humans formed social groups that increased their chances of survival. Individuals had to co-operate for the good of the group, rather than act selfishly.If nobody is watching us it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we think were being watc
5、hed we should behave better, so people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us, Dr. Bateson said.We thought wed get a slight effect with eyes, but it was quite striking how much difference they made. Even at a subconscious(潜意识的) level, it seems people respond to eyes, and that migh
6、t be because eyes send a strong biological signal we have evolved(进化) to respond to.The finding, which researchers believe sheds light on our evolutionary past, could be turned to practical use. The psychologists say images of eyes could promote ticket sales on public transport and improve monitor s
7、ystems to prevent antisocial behavior.41. This passage is mainly about _.A. the policy of honesty B. an honesty box to collect moneyC. evolution on honesty D. an experiment on honesty42. The reason for doing the experiment secretly is that the researchers _.A. wanted to get a comparatively more exac
8、t resultB. had known they wanted to do something illegallyC. meant to get the co-operation of their colleaguesD. intended to sell the hot drinks at a higher price43. People behave honestly under watchful gaze of eyes because _.A. they want to leave a good impression B. they fear to be laughed at by
9、othersC. theyve got the nature through evolution D. they take the photo for a real pair of eyes44. The underlined phrase sheds light on in the last paragraph means _.A. causes somebody to become cheerful B. makes something easier to understandC. comes upon something by accident D. brings something i
10、nto the broad daylightB BEIJING, Feb. 10 (Xinhua) - Chinas economic planning agency Thursday announced a rise in minimum rice purchase prices this year to encourage farmers to grow more grain. A statement on the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) website said the government would cont
11、inue the policy of minimum purchase prices in major rice-growing regions in 2011. The rises in the minimum rice purchase price had been approved by the State Council, Chinas Cabinet, said the statement. The purchase prices for japonica rice will rise 21.9 percent to 128 yuan (19.4 U.S. dollars) per
12、50 kilograms, while prices for early and middle-late rice will increase 9.7 percent and 10.3 percent to 102 yuan and 107 yuan per 50 kg respectively. Rice and wheat are two major grain crops in China. The State Council pledged Wednesday to step up efforts to boost grain production as drought continu
13、es to wreak havoc in north Chinas wheat growing regions. Chinas main wheat-growing regions, including Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Anhui, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu and Jiangsu provinces, have been plagued by drought since October last year. Drought has affected about 7.73 million hectares, or 42.4 percent,
14、of the total winter wheat crop area in the countrys eight key producing provinces, the Ministry of Agriculture said Wednesday. Chinas grain output rose 2.9 percent last year to 546.41 million tons, marking the seventh consecutive year of growth. 45. When was this news probably written?A. In 2011 B.
15、In 2010 C. In February,2011 D. On Wednesday, 201146. What is the purchase price for japonica rice before it wise according to the passage?A.105 yuan per 50 kilograms B. 128 yuan per 50 kilograms C. 102 yuan per 50 kilograms D. 107 yuan per 50 kilograms 47. What is the meaning of the underlined word
16、in the fourth paragraph?A. completely B. honorably C. separately D. exactly48. Which of the following sentences is true according to the passage.A. A raised purchase price will encourage farmers to grow more rice.B. The plan hasnt been approved by the State Council, Chinas Cabinet.C. Drought continu
17、es to hit the wheat growing regions in the north of China.D. There are 8 grain producing provinces affected by the drought.49. Which may be the headline of this news?A. Chinas minimum rice purchase prices raised to boost productionB. A Steady rice purchase prices to ensure rice productionC. The Chin
18、ese government pays more attention on rice productionD. Chinas grain output steadily increases C“Everything happens for the best,” my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. And youll realize that it wouldnt have happened if not for that pre
19、vious disappointment.” Mother was right, as I discovered after graduating from college in 1932, I had decided to try for a job in radio, then work my way up to a sports announcer. I hitchhiked to Chicago and knocked on the door of every stationand got turned down every time. In one studio, a kind la
20、dy told me that big stations couldnt risk hiring an inexperienced person. “Go out in the sticks and find a small station thatll give you a chance,” she said. I thumbed home to Dixon, Illinois. While there were no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and w
21、anted a local athlete to manage its sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I applied. The job sounded just right for me. But I wasnt hired. My disappointment must have shown. “Everything happens for the best.” Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to hunt a job
22、. I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program director, a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur told me they had already hired an announcer. As I left his office, my frustration (挫折) boiled over. I asked aloud, “How can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he cant get a job in a radio s
23、tation?” I was waiting for the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling, “What was you said about sports? Do you know anything about football?” Then he stood me before a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game. The preceding (在前的) autumn, my team had won a game in the last 20 seconds w
24、ith a 65-yard run. I did a 15-minute build-up to that play, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturdays game! On my way home, as I have many times since, I thought of my mothers words: “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. Something wouldnt have happened if not for that previ
25、ous disappointment.” I often wonder what direction my life might have taken if Id gotten the job at Montgomery Ward.50.The writer shows his _ by saying “ if Id not gotten the job at Montgomery Ward”. A. regret B. happiness C. gratefulness D. disappointment 51.The underlined phrase “out in the sticks
26、” probably means _? A. in radio stationsB. in the country C. in big cities D. in Dixon, Illinois 52.Why did the writer mention his mothers words over and again? Because _. A. it was his mothers words that encouraged him B. his mother was a person who talked a lot C. nothing good has happened to him
27、up to now D. he got turned down every time he tried53.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. There was a small radio station in Dixon, Illinois. B. Peter MacArthur was a program director in Scotland. Ks*5u C. WOC Radio in Davenport broadcast imaginary games. D. Montgo
28、mery Ward had a store with a sports department.54.When did the writer decide to take a radio-announcing job? A. When he hitchhiked to Chicago. B. After he graduated from college. C. Before he graduated from college.D. As soon as he was turned down.DROME: The legend of Leonardo da Vinci is covered in
29、 mystery: How did he die? Are the remains buried in a French castle really those of the master? Was the Mona Lisa a self-portrait in disguise (伪装)? A group of Italian scientists believe the key to solving those puzzles lies with the remains, and they say they are seeking permission to dig up the bod
30、y to conduct carbon and DNA testing.If the skull is undamaged, the scientists can go to the heart of a question that has fascinated scholars and the public for centuries: the identity of the Mona Lisa. Recreating a virtual and then physical reconstruction of Leonardos face, they can compare it with
31、the smiling face in the painting. We dont know what well find if the tomb is opened. We could even just find grains and dust, says Giorgio Gruppioni, an anthropologist who is participating in the project. But if the remains are well kept, they are a biological record of events in a persons life, and
32、 sometimes in their death. Silvano Vinceti, the leader of the group, said that he plans to press his case with the French officials in charge of the said burial site at Amboise Castle early next week. Leonardo moved to France at the invitation of King Francis I, who named him first painter to the ki
33、ng. He spent the last three years of his life there, and died in 1519 at age 67. The artists original burial place, the palace church of Saint Florentine, was destroyed during the French Revolution and remains that are believed to be his were eventually reburied in the Saint-Hubert Chapel near the c
34、astle. The Amboise tomb is a symbolic tomb; its a big question mark, said Alessandro Vezzosi, the director of a museum dedicated to Leonardo in his hometown of Vinci. Vezzosi said that investigating the tomb could help identify the artists bones with certainty and solve other questions, such as the
35、cause of his death. He said he asked to open the tomb in 2004 to study the remains, but the Amboise Castle turned him down. The group of 100 experts involved in the project, called the National Committee for Historical and Artistic Heritage, was created in 2003 with the aim of solving the great myst
36、eries of the past, said Vinceti, who has written books on art and literature. Arguably the worlds most famous painting, the Mona Lisa hangs in the Louvre in Paris, where it drew some 8.5 million visitors last year. Mystery has surrounded the identity of the paintings subject for centuries, with opin
37、ions ranging from the wife of a Florentine merchant to Leonardos own mother. That Leonardo intended the Mona Lisa as a self-portrait in disguise is a possibility that has interested and divided scholars. Theories have existed: Some think that Leonardos taste for tricks and riddles might have led him
38、 to hide his own identity behind that puzzling smile; others have guessed that the painting hid an androgynous lover. If granted access to the grave site, the Italian experts plan to use a tiny camera and radar to confirm the presence of bones. The scientists would then exhume (挖掘) the remains and a
39、ttempt to date the bones with carbon testing. At the heart of the proposed study is the effort to discover whether the remains are actually Leonardos, including with DNA testing. Vezzosi questions the DNA comparison, saying he is unaware of any direct descendants (后代) of Leonardo or of tombs that co
40、uld be attributed with certainty to the artists close relatives. Gruppioni said that DNA from the bones could also eventually be compared to DNA found elsewhere. For example, Leonardo is thought to have rubbed colors on the canvas with his thumb, possibly using saliva (唾液), meaning DNA might be foun
41、d on his paintings. Even in the absence of DNA testing, other tests could provide useful information, including whether the bones belonged to a man or a woman, and whether the person died young or old.Even within the committee, experts are divided over the identity of the Mona Lisa. Vinceti believes
42、 that a tradition of considering the self-portrait to be not just a faithful imitation of ones features but a representation of ones spiritual identity may have resonated (共鸣) with Leonardo. Vezzosi, the museum director, dismissed as baseless and senseless the idea that the Mona Lisa could be a self
43、-portrait of Leonardo. He said most researchers believe the woman may have been either a wife of the artists sponsor, the Florentine nobleman Giuliano de Medici, or Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a rich silk merchant, Francesco del Giocondo. The traditional view is that the name Mona Lisa comes from t
44、he silk merchants wife, as well as its Italian name: La Gioconda. 55.Where is this passage most probably taken from?A. A magazine. B. A newspaper. C. A textbook. D. A research report.56.Why does the author ask a couple of questions in the beginning? A. To arouse the interest of readers. B. To puzzle
45、 Italian scientists. C. To answer the questions himself. D. To make fun of French officials.57.The best title of this story might be “_”. A. What Is the Purpose of an Investigation? B. How Did Leonardo da Vinci Die in France? C. Are the Remains Really Those of the Master? D. Did Leonardo Paint Himse
46、lf as Mona Lisa?58.The sentence “he plans to press his case with the French officials” (underlined in Paragraph 4) suggests that Vinceti intends to _.A. press the French officials to participate in their projectB. urge the French officials to open the tomb early next weekC. persuade the French offic
47、ials to allow opening the tombD. record events in a persons life with the French officials59.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Scholars have the same opinion on DNA testing. B. Scientists doubt if the remains are those of da Vinci. C. The identity of “Mona Lisa”
48、has already been proved. D. Alessandro Vezzosi got permission to open the tomb.60.We can infer from the last two paragraphs that _? A. “Mona Lisa” is the name of the wife of a silk merchant B. the “Mona Lisa” is a self-portrait of Leonardo da Vinci C. experts divided the committee into several group
49、s D. opinions differ of the identity of the “Mona Lisa” （阅读理解题材广泛、体裁多样。从题材上看，包括人物介绍、生活习俗、幽默故事、社会政治、文化教育、科普知识、国内外新闻等；从体裁上看，包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、新闻报道、书信广告等。据统计，高考中考查记叙文和说明文要多一些。越来越注重语言材料的真实性和原汁原味。语言材料为英美原文，源于现实生活、紧贴时代。根据网络英语文章改编。） 第二节：请根据Helen, Sophie, Peter, Elena和Jacques五人各自的情况，从A、B、C、D、E、F六条信息中选出适合各人的匹配选项
50、（选项中有一项为多余项），并在答题卡上将对应题号（6165）的相应选项字母涂黑。 A. Bollywood pays great attention to traditional values.B. Bollywood is lees famous than Hollywood, and yet it produce the most films in the world.C. Bollywood films are full of ideal things and free of daily worries.D. Bollywood is a decent refreshing replac
51、ement for those over-stimulating Hollywood films.E. Bollywood has gradually won its reputation on the world stage.F. Bollywood films are mostly comic romances with light-hearted incidental music.Direction: match the headings with the paragraphs. (There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will
52、not use all of them.)Hollywood movies are regularly filled with sex and violence. They can be exciting films but sometimes all you want is a little light-hearted entertainment.61._Have you heard of Bollywood? All singing, all dancing and unrealistic, it is the perfect alternative to normal Hollywood
53、 movies. Bollywood is the Indian film industry, based in Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay. Most Chinese school kids have probably never seen an Indian film. Yet Bollywood is the largest producer of films in the world. This year the Indian Filmgare Awards, Bollywoods Oscrs, turn 50 years old.62._The
54、typical Bollywood movie usually has the following ingredients: a cup of romance, a tea-spoon of comedy, a dash of international sight-seeing, served with a huge slice of singing and dancing. There will also be one brave hero, one beautiful heroine and one baddie. The result is a fun-filled musical.6
55、3._There is never any mention of politics, poverty or war. The actors change clothes and locations within a single song. But the audience dont mind. To Indian movie lovers, especially the poor, such films are a gateway to heaven and the stars are their gods. The films take them to a magical world aw
56、ay from their everyday troubles. The films tell them the impossible is possible and that true love conquers all.64._But, behind the beautiful scenes, Bollywood still emphasizes traditional family values. In most films, if two lovers want to break an arranged marriage, they cant just run away. They m
57、ust win over their parents.65._So if youre tired of all that Hollywood actions, check out the following Bollywood films. They will take you to a brighter, cheerier and more colourful world, where its still cool to dance around a tree and sing a love song. 卷II（非选择题部分：共40分）第三部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）*结束语参考答案及评分标准 第二部分第一节41.D 42.A 43.C 44.B 45.C 46.A 47.C 48.A 49.A 50.C 51.B 52.A 53.D 54.C 55.B 56.A 57.D 58.C 59.B 60.D第二节61.B 62.F 63.C 64.A 65.D