1、2012高考总复习（2）：“名从”和“定从”真题解析定语从句1.（2011天津卷）10. The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. A. when B. that C. where D. which答案与解析：A。句意：体力是你赖以生存的唯一手段的日子一去不复返了。本题考查定语从句。句中days是定语从句的先行词，其替代词在从句中又充当时间状语，故用when引导定语从句。此定语从句是分隔式定语从句，从句与先行词因某种特殊的需要被句子其他成分隔开了。2.（2011江西卷）34.She sh
2、owed he visitors around the museum, the construction_ has taken more than three years. A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which答案与解析：C。先行词为museum，在从句中充当定语，博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间介词用of。选C。3.（2011四川卷）17.The school shop, _customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays. A. which B. whose
3、 C. when D. where答案与解析：B。句中先行词为the school shop,它与定语从句的主语customers存在所属关系，故用关系词whose引导定语从句作定语。句意：学校的商店，其主要顾客是学生，因此在假期暂停营业。4.（2011北京卷）26. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, of course, made all the others upset. A. who B. which C. what D. that答案与解析：B。考查非限定性定语从句。逗号后的非限定性定语从句中缺少主语，选择
4、which。5.（2011陕西卷）11.I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake A. which B. where C. who D. that答案与解析：B。句意：我和我的朋友们走到山顶，在那里我们观赏到湖的美景。根据句意可知，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。6.（2011全国II）7. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid t
5、hing to do in such weather. A. this B. that C. what D. which答案与解析：D。 分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，排除A，B，C；本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在句中充当主语。7.（2011江苏卷）24Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which答案与解析：A。考查定语从句。句意：音乐会的两部分中间有幕间休息时间，在
6、这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌。When引导的定语从句修饰an interval，when在从句中作时间状语。8.（2011全国新课标卷）31The prize will go to the writer _story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what答案与解析：C。此题考查定语从句的引导词。翻译为“这个奖项将颁给这位故事充满想象力的作家”story shows the most imagination修饰先行词writer。而先行词writer和story有所属关系，所以用whose表示作者的故事。9.（
7、2011浙江卷）8.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of_ uses it somewhat differently.A. which B. what C. them D. those答案与解析：A。本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，先行词在从句中做each of的宾语，应该用关系代词which。10.（2011浙江卷）10.A bank is the place _they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask fo
8、r it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where D. there答案与解析：C。本句的先行词是place，先行词在定语从句中做地点状语，应该用关系副词where。11.（2011湖南卷）25.Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of _ she spoke fluently.Awho Bwhom Cwhich Dthat 答案与解析：C。本题考查定语从句中复合关系代词的用法。介词后只能使用的关系代词是which, who, whose, 因为句子中关系词指代是语
9、言，故选C；12.（2011安徽卷）28. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. while答案与解析：C。句意：无论剩下什么东西，都可以放入冰箱中，在那儿可以保存两三个星期。“_ it will keep for two or three weeks.”为定语从句，先行词在从句中充当地点状语，选where。13.（2011山东卷）32.The old town has narrow s
10、treets and small houses _are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that答案与解析：D。考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。此处表示建造得很近的街道和房屋，且空格前有名词，故排除考查名从的可能性，此题考查定语从句，空格之后缺少主语，故需选择引导定语从句的关系代词，A不能引导定从，B是关系副词，C用来引导名词性从句，故答案应为D。14.（2011福建卷）24. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows th
11、em to communicate freely with each other. A. which B. where C. what D. who答案与解析：A。分析句子成分可知，an atmosphere与修饰它的定语从句被for her students隔开，并且从句缺主语，故用which。名词性从句1.（2011天津卷）13. Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where答案与解析：C。本题考查名词性从句中同位语
12、从句的用法。答题的难度在于是否能准确判断从句语意的完整性及其所需补充的句意。句意：现代科学对于吸烟能导致多种疾病已经给出了明确的证据。这是一个主从复合句，evidence后的从句是evidence的同位语，对evidence起解释说明的作用，且该从句语意完整，故用that引导同位语从句。而what, which, where 均在从句中充当一定的句子成分。2.（2011江西卷）26.The villagers have already known _ we will do is to rebuild the bridge. A. this B. that C. what D. which答案与
13、解析：C。考查宾语从句和主语从句。村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。3.（2011四川卷）10.Our teachers always tell us to believe in _we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which答案与解析：C。本题考查宾语从句。what引导宾语从句，并且在从句中做动词do的宾语，表示“什么”。句意：我们的老师经常告诉我们，如果想要成功就要相信自己和自己所做的。4.（2011北京卷）31. T
14、he shocking news made me realize _terrible problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why答案与解析：A。 考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少修饰terrible的程度副词，选择how，译为“多么”。5.（2011北京卷）22. _Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom答案与解析：B。考查名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句中缺少offer的宾语，
15、选择what。6.（2011陕西卷）15.Id like to start my own business thats _Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what答案与解析：D。本题考查表语从句，从句中的do 是及物动词，从句缺少宾语，A项和B项排除，他们只做状语；which引导名词性从句时意为“哪个，哪些”，不合逻辑，故选用what。7.（2011辽宁卷）32. When the news came _the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.A. sinc
16、e B. which C. that D. because答案与解析：C。本题考查同位语从句。句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去部队服役。此处的“ _the war broke out”解释说明the news的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，用that 连接。8.（2011江苏卷）26It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.2 A. that B. how C. when D. why答案与解析：D。考查主语从句。句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是
17、why引导的主语从句。9.（2011湖南卷）31 Before the problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why 答案与解析：A。本题考查的是名词性从句中主语从句。从句中缺表语，排除B和D；又因题目没有给出problem的范围，故选A；10.（2011重庆卷）22. It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel
18、or not. A. Whether B. when C. which D. where答案与解析：A。本题考查主语从句的引导词。句意：这个旧汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的旅馆取代还在讨论之中。本句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。whether引导主语从句，表示“是否”。11.（2011山东卷）26. Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _he never finishing anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why答案与解析：D。考查名词性从句中的表语从句的用法。前句说“
19、恐怕他是个说得多做得少的人”，后句“他从未完成过任何任务”，由前后句的关系，判断前后句为因果关系，所以答案D。12.（2011山东卷）33.Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it. A. where B. what C. whether D. which答案与解析：C。考查名词性从句中的宾语从句的用法。我们给了她那份工作，但我并不知道她是否会接受。空格处缺少是否的含义。在名从中，A表地点 B表什么，C表示是否，D表示哪一个。 13.（2011重庆卷）34. It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life. A. whose B. what C. which D. that答案与解析：B。本题考查宾语从句。句意：公众并不总是知道一项新的发明对人类生活有什么用途。此处what表示“什么”，引导宾语从句，what use作介词of的宾语。