1、ASuppose you dont need your car today. And suppose, as it happens, that a stranger in your area does need a car. Would you be willing to rent yours out? Severalcar-sharing start-ups, including Getaround, RelayRides and JustShareIt, are eager to conneccar owners with renters this way. The companies h
2、ave different rules, but participating owners receive, generally speaking, about two-thirds of the rental earnings. RelayRides says an owner of a midsize, late-model sedan who rents out a car for 10 hours a week could expect to clear about 3,000 a year. Peer-to-peer car sharing remains in the trial
3、stage; it can be found in San Francisco and a few other places. It has a long way to go before it becomes the auto equivalent of Airbnb, the surprise success story for peer-to-peer sharing of space in apartments and houses. Shelby Clark, founder of RelayRides, says potential investors in his company
4、 have been concerned that owners will be afraid to hand their car over to strangers. To address that, he points to Airbnb, saying, “Letting people sleep in your living room is much more of a disturbance into your personal space than letting someone use your car.” All of these companies offer their o
5、wn insurance coverage for their renters, which are supposed to put ownersminds at ease. But only two statesCalifornia and Oregonhave passed laws to clarify that an owner will not suffer any consequences should a car-sharing renter have an accident.“In all the other states, legal ambiguity remains,”
6、Shelby Clark says. “If a renter should be involved in a serious accident in those states, the victim can be expected to go after every party possible, including the cars owner.” Also to remove the worries of car owners, the driving records of renters are checked for recent serious violations. 56. Wh
7、at does the underlined word “sedan” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?A. A kind of car.B. An owner of a car.C. A renting company.D. A car-sharing renter.57. Which of the following is true of Airbnb?A. It cares little about personal privacy.B. It deals with house-sharing successfully.C. It is a very p
8、opular car-sharing company.D. Its ideas are being tried out in some states.58. If a car-sharing renter should have an accident in California, the cars owner .A. has to take legal responsibilityB. will not suffer the consequenceC. is not covered by health insuranceD. must pay the insurance for the re
9、nter59. According to the text, more car-owners will participate in the service, if A. legal ambiguity is clarified in all the statesB. renters are warned not to violate traffic rulesC. more money is given to participating ownersD. people are aware of the importance of sharingBResearch by the Institu
10、te of Education （IOE） in London found that men who went to single-sex schools were not only more likely to be separated from a partner or divorced, but also more likely to be depressed by middle age来源:学科网ZXXKThe chances of women having successful marriages were not affected by whether they were educ
11、ated in mixed or single-sex schoolsSeparate research by the IOE found that going without boys was beneficial for women in other ways since there was a statistically significant positive association between single-sex schooling and wages for womenThe study into marital success interviewed 17,000 adul
12、ts who were taught in a range of schools including private boarding schools to state comprehensivesIt found that single-sex education does not compromise the chances either of men or women of getting marriedHowever, researchers found that boys educated on their own were more likely to divorce in lat
13、er lifeWhile for women, there was no significant linkThe research also found men taught in boys schools were more likely to suffer from depression by age 42perhaps because of their increased chances of marital breakdownBut Professor Leonards team was unable to identify why those men educated in a si
14、ngle-sex environment were more likely to divorceThe study asked married and cohabiting couples where men had attended both single-sex and mixed schools to rate how happy they were and found no marked difference in their happiness levels or willingness to share domestic choresMary Boust, general secr
15、etary of the Association of Teachers and Lecturers, said the IOE research confirmed what was always suspectedAll the research shows single-sex schools are good for girls but bad for boysboth in terms of academic performance and socialization, she saidBoys learn better when they are with girls and th
16、ey actually learn to get on better The findings were presented at a conference on gender in education hosted by Perse School for Girls in Cambridge55The researches made by the IOE indicate that _Aschool model has little influence on womens marriageBeducation is the main cause of middle age depressio
17、nCboys in single-sex schools are more likely not to get marriedDmixed schools arc relatively better than single-sex schools56According to the passage, the single-sex education _Acomprises a wide range of schoolsBhas a close link with womens marriageCinfluences mens chances of getting marriedDmay inc
18、rease the risk of divorce for men in later life57The underlined word cohabiting probably means _Aliving togather before getting marriedBworking together in a projectChaving the same habitDstudying in the same school58According to the passage, Mary Boust suggests that _Athe IOE s researches were susp
19、ectedBmixed school is a better choice for boysCboys are better in academic performance than girlsDmixed schools are good to boys in terms of socialization onlyCSomethings not quite right with the climateWhile global CO2 emissions have continued to swell, the global temperature rise has leveled offMe
20、anwhile, satellites and other observational tools indicate that the net heat retained by the planet has continued to increase, and that excess energy should be pushing up surface temperaturesBut its notIn fact, up to half the heat energy that was expected to fuel global wanning since 2003 has gone m
21、issingM Kevin Trenberth and John Fasullo of the National Center for Atmospheric Research （ NCAR） wonder where that heat may have goneand what it could mean for the future of the climateOne possibility is that some of our measurements could be offAlthough scientists have a lot of confidence in their
22、ability to measure CO2 buildup and the energy balance in the atmospherethe data used in the measurements comes from multiple sources, all of which, Fasullo says, tell the same storyour data on ocean temperatures isnt as goodKeeping track of temperature over the whole oceans isnt that easy, says Fasu
23、lloSo, it is likely that the missing heat is being trapped deep in the ocean, well below the 900m to 1,500m range of our surface sensorsBut despite their vastness, the deep oceans have a limit, says Fasullo, who thinks they wont behave as a heat sink over the long termThats not what weve seen over l
24、ong time scales in the past, he saysWe clearly know the ocean cant absorb the heat indefinitelyOverall, the missing heat doesnt change expectations for future climate change, because the heat wont stay missing foreverEventually it will resurface and impact the climate system, and the recent and dece
25、ptive reprieve from rapid warming weve enjoyed will come to an expected endWhen that will happen is unknown, but better science can give us a clearer ideaAt the end of the day, the system will come back to balance, and that suggests temperature will end up increasing, says FasulloSo its still up to
26、us to do something about it59From the first paragraph, we can see that _Asurface temperature is pushing up day by dayBsatellites and other observational tools are not accurateCthere is no great increase in surface temperature at presentDglobal CO2 emissions have made the planet warmer as expected60A
27、ccording to Fasullos report, we can conclude that _Athe measurements of heats in ocean may not be exactBthe global temperture rise has dropped downCit still needs higher technical tools for measuring missing heatDscientists have enough confidence in measuring CO2 emissions61Where is the missing heat
28、 likely to hide, as Fasullo expects?AIt may hide in our natural environmentBIt has sunk into ocean over the long termCIt may be absorbed by large number of forestsDIt may be absorbed by deep ocean temporarily62What can we learn from the last paragraph?AProtecting our environment is necessaryBThe mis
29、sing heat some day will affect our climateCThe missing heat can make us relaxed in long termDthe government should take measures to lessen CO2 emissionsDThe lakes also moderate seasonal temperatures to some degree, by absorbing heat to cool the air in summer and then slowly giving out that heat in a
30、utumn. This function of the lakes protects the autumn against frost, and it also keeps the summer time temperatures cooler than further inland. This temperature buffering(缓冲）produces areas known as fruit belts”，where fruits typically grown farther south can be produced. That is why some southern fru
31、its like apples ，cherries and grapes can be found in western Michigan near the lake shore as far north as the Grand Traverse Bay. The eastern shore of Lake Michigan and the southern shore of Lake Erie have many wine makers as a result of this.However ,the lake effect has been found to be related to
32、the occurrence of bad weather. For example, fogs are often formed over medium-sized areas along the shorelines of the lakes. This is most noticeable along Lake Superiors shores ，due to its coastal climate. A case in point is Hurricane Hazel in 1954，and tornadoes in Michigan and Ontario in 2007. Such
33、 evidence shows that the lake effect may help strengthen storms.68.What result does the lake effect bring to the eastern shore? _.来源:学科网A. Seasonal winds B. Warmer wet air C. Mild weather D. Heavy snowfalls69.The underlined word moderate in the 2nd paragraph probably means u_”.来源:学科网A. holdB. limitC
34、. balanceD. raise70.Some typical southern fruits grow well in western Michigan because_.A there is no frost in autumnB. it has a cool summer thereC. it has a fairly mild climateD. there are many wine makers71.We can know from the passage that _.A. frosts often occur along the shores B. coastal areas
35、 are likely to be snowyC, storms strengthen the lake effect D. bad weather can be caused by the lake effect.ECould smells affect your lifespan? Female fruit flies rid of the ability to smell food outlive their peersThe sense of smell may be linked to the cellular ageing process in many other organis
36、mseven peopleA link has recently been found between sensory experiences and lifespan in both worms and fliesFor example, Scott Pletcher, a biologist at the University of Michigan, found that eliminating （消除） fruit flies ability to smell enabled them to live nearly 20 percent longer than flies with a
37、n intact sense of smellPletchers team reasoned that food smells were the ones most likely to affect ageing, as nutrition and longevity are known to be linked in many organismsTo test the idea that food odors affect lifespan, Pletchers team eliminated flies ability to smell carbon dioxide, which is p
38、roduced by some fly foodsThey left the rest of the smelling system intactThis intervention had no effect on male flies, but the females lived 30 percent longer than normalPletcher thinks eliminating the ability to smell CO2 may deprive flies of information about food availabilityThis could signal to
39、 cells that food is scarce, causing processes that promote survivalIndeed, his team found that the CO2 -insensitive female flies stored extra fat and that both males and females immune to CO2 were more resistant to stress than normal fliesPletcher isnt sure why the change in his fruit flies only aff
40、ected the lifespan of the females, but he suggests that females may simply be more sensitive to the odor of CO2A smell or taste that stretches lifespan in humans could be a potential preventative for age-related disease, he addsAlthough in fruit flies it appears to be the smell of CO2 that affects a
41、geing, he says that an analogue in humans might be a smell or taste linked to human foodor a lack of itMatt Kaeberlein studies ageing at the University of Washington in SeattleHe cautions that we dont know whether ageing and smell are linked in mammalsBut we definitely undergo physiological changes
42、in response to smelling foodIm getting hungry just thinking about itso I think its possible67The purpose of the study by Scott Pletcher is to _Ashow there is the best way to make lifespan longerBtell us we should eliminate our smell ability to live longCshow the sense of smell can affect the cellula
43、r ageing processDexplain female fruit flies without ability to smell odor can live longer68Pletchers team does some researches to prove _Athe immune system of flies to chemicalsBthe links between nutrition and longevityCthe importance of food odors to our humansDthe connections between food odors an
44、d lifespan69According to the results of Pletchers study, we can see that _Amale flies in general can live longer than female fliesBflies without ability to smell is inspired to find food in another wayCboth male and female flies can live longer without the ability to smellDflies without ability to smell can also get information about food availability70Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole?AFemale flies are insensitive to CO2BSmells could affect humans lifespanCThe sense of smell is vital to humans healthDFemale fmit flies can live longer than male flies