1、 Unit 2 English around the world 作业4 英语中的五种基本句型基本句型一： SV（主语+谓语）注：在这种句型中，谓语动词大多是不及物动词（Vi.）。不及物动词后不能直接跟宾语，如要跟宾语，其后要加上介词（如：of, to, at, in 等）。另外，不及物动词后可跟副词、to do、现在分词、名词等作状语。eg. The rain has stopped. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. It was raining heavily last night. Xiao Yang came runnin
2、g in from the yard. The wedding party lasted two hours.基本句型二：SVO（主语+谓语+宾语）注：在这种句型中，谓语动词为及物动词（Vt.）。及物动词之后可以直接跟宾语。此处的宾语可以由名词、代词、不定式、wh-词+to do、wh-从句、that从句以及动名词等等。eg. I dont know the professor from America. He refused to support us. We managed to put the fire out in time. I dont know what to do with t
3、he issue. Only you can decide who is the best choice. He considered going abroad for a holiday next week.基本句型三：SVOC（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语）注：在这种句型中，宾语补足语大多由名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等充当。eg. I found her a famous poet. Sit down and make yourself comfortable. We went to her house but found her out. Dont leav
4、e her waiting outside in the rain. He wanted the work finished by Friday. The doctor advised me to give up smoking.They soon get the fire under control.当动词have, make, let, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等后面跟动词不定式时，要省略to。例如：The police observed a man enter the bank. We heard him sing in the next ro
5、om.基本句型四：SVoO（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）=主语+谓语+直接宾语+to间接宾语eg. He shows me a book. He shows a book to me. Please pass me some water. Please pass some water to me. 基本句型五：SVP（主语+系动词+表语）注：表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品质、特征和状态的，表语大多由名词、形容词、副词、分词、介词短语、不定式、从句等充当。常用的系动词有：be(am, is, are, was, were), look（看起来）, seem（似乎，好像是）, appear
6、（看起来好像；似乎）, feel（感觉起来）, sound（听起来）, smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来）, keep（保持）, remain（仍然是）, prove（证明）等等。 eg. Mr. Black is a professor from Cambridge University.The theory sounds reasonable.The new teacher is in charge of our class.His plan is to go abroad for further study.The problem is that he cant attend
7、the meeting.试比较： His hobby is growing roses. 他的爱好是种植玫瑰。 He is playing football. 他正在踢足球。练习： 1. They came here _ relatives and friends. (visit)2. The flood came _ down from the mountains. (rush)3. She refused _ my advice about it.(take)4. He explained _ in detail.(怎样使用电脑)5. They watched the bus _ into
8、 the distance.(disappear)6. I found the old man _.身体健康(用介词短语)7. Please choose a new tie _ me. （填介词）8. I am sorry that _.(给你添了这么多的麻烦)9. She could swim _（像鱼一样）when she was a child.10. He is very _. （他非常的谦逊和诚实）11. 试比较：下面两个句子的结构，动宾或者系表结构？ The apple tastes delicious. （ ） He tastes the delicious apple. （
9、）书面表达：（书写要求见第四期报纸第三版）Dear friends, I would like to share my experience in learning English with you here. _ I hope you will find my advice useful. Thats all. Thank you.书写练习：_ _学科作业4语法练习答案：1. They came here to visit relatives and friends.2. The flood came rushing down from the mountains.3. She refuse
10、d to take my advice about it.4. He explained how to use the computer in detail.5. They watched the bus disappear into the disappear.6. I found the old man in good health.7. Please choose a new tie for me.8. I am sorry that I have given you so much trouble.9. She could swim like a fish when she was a child.10. He is very modest and honest.11. The apple tastes delicious.（系表结构）He tastes the delicious apple.（动宾结构）