1、The conquest of the Universe Module 5 Section Grammar复习名词性从句课前自主领悟语法要点精析针对强化训练目录Contents 课前自主领悟语法图解探究发现What we find out from space research is important for us on Earth.Its well-known that the ancient Chinese invented the rocket.We think it probable that he is dead.The teacher showed us the controls
2、 of the spacecraft and explained how gravity worked.They insisted that everyone(should)come to the party.The proposal that we(should)import more equipment from abroad is to be discussed at the meeting.I have no idea when she will be back.The question remains whether they will be able to help us.The
3、problem is who we can get to replace her.我的发现(1)句为_从句，句为_从句，句为_语从句，句为_从句。(2)句中的引导词只起连接作用，在从句中不作成分，句中的引导词为连接_，句中的引导词为连接_。(3)句中使用了_作形式主语或形式宾语，而真正的主语从句或宾语从句后置。主语宾语同位语表语代词副词it(4)_句中的 that 可省略，其他句中的 that 一般不可省略。(5)句中的从句使用了_。虚拟语气语法要点精析名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。一、名词性从句的连接词1that(1)that 只起连接词作用，引导名词性从句，在从句
4、中不作任何成分，本身也没有词义。That he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着全靠运气。John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要去伦敦。(2)that 在引导名词性从句时，常可省略，但在以下情况中，that 不宜省略。that 引导的主语从句位于句首时，that 不可省略。当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引入第二个从句的连词 that 不可省略。当 that 宾语从句前有 it 作其形式宾语时，that 不可省略。that 引导的从句作介词的宾语时，that 不能省略。引导
5、表语从句和同位语从句时，that 一般不可省略。The teacher told the students(that)they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed by their parents.老师告诉学生要在第二天上交作业，并且作业必须由家长签名。The fact that he has fully recovered makes me feel good.他已痊愈，真令我高兴。2whether/if(1)if,whether 引导的名词性从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑
6、问句转化而来的，whether 与 if 表示“是否”，只起连接词的作用，引导从句，在从句中不作任何成分。(2)whether 和 if 有时可通用，但在下列情况下，只可用 whether：whether 引导主语从句并放在句首。引导表语从句。whether 从句作介词宾语。从句后有“or not”。后接动词不定式时。Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the te
7、st.现在的问题是她是否应该对这次测试有较低的评价。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。即时训练 1 用 that/whether/if 填空_ the college will take in more new students this year is true._ he can finish this task on time is of great importance.The students asked the question _ the book was worth reading.L
8、et me know _ or not you can come.I dont know _ he still lives there after so many years.That Whether if/whether whether if/whether We are interested in _ you will attend the meeting.Give me your promise _ you will come to our party this evening.He has made it clear _ he will not give in.whether that
9、 that 3疑问词 who，whom，whose，what，which，where，why，when，how疑问词引导的名词性从句由特殊疑问句转化而来。它们的特点是：(1)疑问词保留自己的疑问含义；(2)疑问词在从句中担当句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语或状语；(3)这种疑问词引导的从句一律用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。Do you know whom they are looking for?你知道他们在找谁吗？I dont know who did it.我不知道这是谁干的。即时训练 2 选词填空who，whom，whose，what，when，where，why，when，howI have
10、 no idea _ Mike refused an offer from Yale University;thats one of his favorite universities.These shoes look very good.I wonder _ much they cost._ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.If it is _ we need,we will buy it.why how When what The problem is _ we can get to solve th
11、is question.A straw shows _ way the wind blows.Have you decided _ you are to elect as your assistant?I wonder _ this is.I dont know _ Lu Xun once lived.who which whom whose where 4whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever 引导名词性从句的用法whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever 可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语和表语等。在此用法
12、中 whatever,whoever 等在从句中通常不含疑问意义。whateveranything that,whoeveranyone who。I will just say whatever comes into my mind.我想到什么就说什么。Whoever breaks the rules will be punished.谁违反这些规则都将受到处罚。即时训练 3 选词填空whatever，whichever，whoever，whomeverIll give the ticket to _ wants it.I dont believe in letting children do
13、 _ they like.He was free to marry _ he chose._ of you comes first will receive a prize.whoever whatever whomever Whichever 二、it 作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句1that 引导主语从句通常用 it 作形式主语，而将 that从句置于句末。It it quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很显然，整个计划注定要失败。Its a pity that you should have to leave.
14、你非离开不可，这真是件遗憾事。2whether/who/what等疑问词引导主语从句时也常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语从句置于句末。It it not yet decided who will do that job.还没决定谁做那项工作。It is still unknown which team will win the match.还不知道哪支队伍将赢得比赛。3动词 find,feel,consider,make,believe 等后面的宾语从句跟宾语补足语时，常使用形式宾语 it,而将真正的宾语从句移至句末。I think it best that you should sta
15、y here.我认为你最好待在这儿。4有些动词如：have,take(认为),put(表达),like,see to 等形式宾语 itthat 从句。I like it that you came.你来了，我很高兴。I take it(that)he will come on time.我认为他会准时来的。5表示喜爱、憎恶等感情的动词 enjoy,hate,love,like,dislike,appreciate,prefer 等itwhen(if)从句。I like it when people are open and straight.我喜欢人们开朗、坦率的性格。I really app
16、reciate it when she offered to help.如果她能帮助我做这件事，我会十分感激。I would prefer it if you would not use such a mocking tone.如果你不使用这么一种嘲弄的口吻，我会更喜欢。即时训练 4 单句语法填空I think _ necessary that we take plenty of water every day.I hate it _ people talk with their mouths full of food.I have made it a rule _ I keep diarie
17、s.It is doubtful _ he will come here.it when that whether 针对强化训练.单句语法填空1_ is known that metals are very important in our life.2So far as Im concerned,he can do _ he likes.3_ they will succeed hasnt been made clear.4_ boy she likes best is still a mystery.5Do you know _ is the creator of the electric
18、 bulb?It whatever Whether Which who 6They are having an argument about _ turn it is.7I find _ frustrating that I cant speak other languages.8_ he shall speak to you like that is quite astonishing.9The idea _ everybody will have fun makes us excited.10What I want to know is _ you want to go to see th
19、e film with.whose it That that whom.语法与写作1I have just found _that afternoon.我刚刚发现那天下午我不得不参加一个重要的班会。2 Your support is important to our work._.你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你做的任何事情都有帮助。that I have to attend an important class meeting Whatever you can do helps 3.Im wondering _.我想知道你是否愿意和我们一起度过时间。4All the participants
20、can get _.所有的参与者都可以得到他们想要的东西。5First of all,Id like to know _and how many students there will be in a class.首先，我想知道什么时候开始上课，一个班里会有多少学生。whether you would like to spend time with us what they want when the class will start 6To practice as much as possible is _.尽可能多的练习是秘诀所在。7I read about your reform of the school English newspaper,and thats _.我读了关于你的学校英语报纸的改革，这就是我写信表达我的意见的原因。where the secret lies why Im writing to voice my opinion 8In such a case I will insist on _.在这种情况下，我会坚持我无论我想什么都是正确的。whatever I think is right