1、Unit 2 RobotsWhat is a robot?Robots are machines that use a computer brain to“think”.People must put information into the computer，and that is called“programming”.Then，the computer tells the robot what to do.Messages are sent from the computer brain to motors in the robots parts.For example，a messag
2、e is sent to the robots legs，telling them to move in a certain way，and the robot walks.Robots can be programmed to do many kinds of work.They are used in factories，because they can use tools，pick things up，carry heavy things and work without resting，eating or going to the bathroom!Robots can fit int
3、o places people cannot.They can fold themselves in half，and turn their heads clear around.If they need to，they can even remove their heads!Some robots are built to look like people.Other robots are only an arm or hand,if that is all that is necessary to perform their work.The people-type robots can
4、be given“eyes”to see.Actually，the eyes are sensors(传感器)to keep the robot from bumping into things.Sensors can be“ears”，so the robot can obey commands，or sensors can be put into the robots fingers so it can“feel”what it is holding.Robot-type toys have been popular for a long time.Most are not really
5、robots，but simply motorized toys.They do not have a computer brain，but are mechanical.Real robots are often used in movies.They can be made to look and move like people，animals or insects!Will there come a point in future when robots collect our garbage，serve our food in restaurants，and even act as
6、our pets and companions？Science writers and futurologists(people who think about the future)have been wondering about this for much of the 20th century，ever since the word“robot”entered the language in the 1920s.Robots have all kinds of advantages:they can work 24 hours a day without complaining and
7、 they need no pay or other rewards.Why，then，dont we just manufacture billions of robots so we can all put our feet up and relax？The answer is simple:even the most complex robots now under development are no match for the all-round versatility(多种多样)of the human brain and body.Like it or not，humans ar
8、e here to stayat least for the forseeable future.Section Warming Up and Reading(见课堂学案P15).Read the text and match the main idea with each paragraph.Paragraph 1:()A.Tony made Claire feel embarrassed.Paragraph 2:()B.Tony helped Claire in improving herself and her house.Paragraph 3:()C.Claire was going
9、 to test out a household robot.Paragraph 4:()D.Claire began to trust Tony.Paragraph 5:()E.Tony promised and prepared to help Claire.CFADEParagraph 6:()F.Claire first saw the robot Tony.Paragraph 7:()G.Claire was envied by those women she admired.Paragraph 8:()H.Tony made a plan to help Claire to att
10、ract Gladys and her friends.Paragraph 9:()I.The company was satisfied with Tonys report.Paragraph 10:()J.Tony caught Claire when she fell off a ladder.Paragraph 11:()K.Claires friends saw Claire and Tony were together.Paragraph 12:()L.Claire felt disappointed and sad that Tony was just a machine.JBK
11、HLIG.Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.1.Why did Larry bring a robot back home?A.To help his wife.B.To test out the robot.C.To accompany his wife.D.For entertainment.2.Why did Claire feel alarmed at the sight of Tony?A.Because he was a robot.B.Because she didnt like him.
12、C.Because he was like a human being.D.Because he never changed his facial expressions.答案：B答案：C3.As a result，the experiment shows.A.Claire and Tony fell in love with each otherB.Tony had to be taken away from the companyC.Tony was angry with his designer D.Claire would never get on well with a robot
13、again4.Tony had to be rebuilt，because.A.he harms people B.it can not help the housewife in the familyC.it is too frighteningD.we can not have women falling in love with machines答案：A答案：D5.We can infer from the passage that.A.Claire liked Tony but feared himB.Claire cried because Tony made her angryC.
14、Claire forgot Tony as soon as Tony left herD.Tony had no feelings as human being答案：A.Complete the following passage with the words in brackets in their proper forms or the words from the text.Tony,a robot,1._(test)out by Claire,when her husband Larry was absent 2._ three weeks.At first,Claire felt 3
15、._(alarm),because Tony looked like a human.He helped to do the housework.And he also promised to make Claire 4._(smart)and her home more elegant.So Claire borrowed 5._ pile of books for him 6._(read).Soon Tony made great 7._(improve)in the house and suggested Claire invite her friends to the house.I
16、n order to prevent Claire from harming herself through her own sense of failure,Tony let the guests 8._(come)to the party to see him bend his face close to Claires.The guests envied Claire very much.When Tony finished his task,Larrys company was satisfied with him,9._would rebuild him so as not to h
17、ave women 10.falling(fall)in love with machines.was tested for alarmedsmarter ato readimprovementscomebut 考点一 单词点击Point desire(1)n.渴望；欲望；渴求Everyone has a desire for success，but not everyone desires to get rich.每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。(2)vt.&vi.希望得到；想要have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/做某事meet/satis
18、fy ones desire满足某人的愿望desire sth.渴望得到某物desire(sb.)to do sth.渴望(某人)做某事He desires you to go to see him at once.=He desires that you(should)go to see him at once.他要求你马上去见他。注意:(1)desire作名词后接同位语从句、表语从句以及作动词后跟宾语从句时，从句常用虚拟语气，即“(should+)动词原形”结构。(2)desire作及物动词，不用于进行时态。思 维 拓 展desired adj.渴望的；想得到的desirable adj.
19、令人满意的；性感的；值得拥有的单句语法填空。(1)I now have a strong desire _(tell)those around me how much they mean to me.句意：现在我非常想告诉我周围的人他们对我有多么重要。单句改错。(2)We desire that assistance is given to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.to tellbe Point alarmn.警报；惊恐vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动give/sound/ring the alarm(to)发警报
20、(给)；敲警钟in alarm 惊恐地take(the)alarm at对感到吃惊；因而惊恐As soon as he saw the smoke，he sounded the alarm.一看见烟雾，他就鸣响了警报。The parents took(the)alarm at the news that their children caught a traffic accident when returning to school.听到孩子们在返校时遭遇车祸的消息，家长们很害怕。思 维 拓 展alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的be alarmed at/by/over对感到惊恐alarm
21、ing adj.令人担忧的；引起恐慌的(1)(2)We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。单句语法填空。(1)Im rather _(alarm)to hear that youre planning to leave the company.(2)The lady was alarmed _(see)the tiger walking to her.alarmedto seePoint sympathy n.同情(心)feel/have sympathy for sb.同情某人in sympathy with同情；
22、赞成out of sympathy with出于同情win sympathy同情地After hearing the story,he felt sympathy for her present situation.听完这个故事，他对她目前的情况深感同情。Im sure she will be in sympathy with your proposal.我确信她一定赞成你的建议。Out of sympathy for the homeless children he gave them shelter for the night.他怀着恻隐之心，留那些无家可归的孩子过夜。思 维 拓 展sym
23、pathetic adj.同情的；赞同的sympathize v.同情；支持单句语法填空。(1)A good doctor should have sympathy _ his patients and never refuse their reasonable requests for proper advice.(2)The seamen went on strike _ sympathy with the dockers.句意：海员举行罢工，以表示对码头工人的支持。forinPoint favour(1)n.喜爱；恩惠；好感do sb.a favour/do a favour for s
24、b.帮某人一个忙ask sb.a favour/ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙in sb.、s favour有利于某人in favour of赞成，支持be in favour得宠的，流行的be out of favour失宠的，不流行的I owed him a favour so I couldnt say no to him.我欠他一个人情，所以我不能拒绝他。Professor Smith，would you do us a favour by coming to our English evening this Saturday?史密斯教授，请赏光参加我们本星期六的英语
25、晚会好吗？(2)vt.喜爱；偏袒；赞同Both countries seem to favour the agreement.两个国家似乎都赞同这个协议。思 维 拓 展(1)favourable adj.有利的；赞成的；有帮助的(2)favourite adj.最喜爱的 n.最喜爱的人(或事物)(3)favourably adv.善意地；赞成地单句语法填空。(1)I think we are out of _(favourable)with them;we havent been asked to any of their parties this year.(2)He said that w
26、omen should go out of their homes and he was _ favour of womens taking part in politics.单句改错。(3)Do me favour and turn the radio down while Imon the phone,will you?favourin aPoint accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏accompany sb.to sp.陪同去(to为介词)accompany sb.at/on sth.用某物(尤指用钢琴)为某人伴奏be accompanied with/by sth.由陪伴;伴随He
27、accompanied his old father to the hospital to see whats wrong with his stomach.他陪他的老父亲去医院查看胃部出了什么问题。Her mother accompanied her on the piano.她母亲为她钢琴伴奏。Thunders accompanied by heavy rain in this season are very common.这个季节时常有雷鸣伴随着大雨发生。思 维 拓 展keep pany 陪伴某人(1)in the company of在陪伴下in company with 与一起(2)
28、companion n.同伴 Alice came round to keep me company while my husband was out fishing.艾丽斯在我丈夫外出钓鱼时过来陪伴我。He is never alone that is in the company of noble thoughts.思想崇高者，绝不会孤独。注意：(1)通常不用accompany sb.to do sth.结构。(2)accompany是及物动词，其后无需用介词。但用于被动语态时，其后可接介词with或by。单句语法填空。(1)Wally,_(accompany)by the nurse,w
29、as flown directly to a hospital for more intensive treatment.句意：在护士的陪护下，沃利直接飞往一所医院以便得到更细致的治疗。(2)Ill get my brother to accompany me _ the piano when I sing a song at the concert.句意：当我在音乐会上唱歌的时候，我就让我哥哥为我钢琴伴奏。accompaniedon/at Point declare vt.宣布；声明；宣称；断言；申报vi.宣布；声明declare sth.宣布某事declare sb./sth.(to be
30、)adj.宣布某人/某事declare for/against公开表示支持/反对declare war on/against sb.对宣战(2)declaration n.公告；申报，宣布(1)I declare to you that I have never lied about the affair.我向你声明，我在这件事上从来没有说过谎。The students declared against cheating.学生们表示反对作弊。Do you have anything to declare?你有什么东西要申报吗？比 较 网 站announce/declare(1)announce
31、 指正式“公布”“宣布”，侧重人们关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻。It has been announced that Mr.A and Miss B will be married next week.已正式宣布A先生与B小姐将于下星期结婚。(2)declare 指正式“向公众宣布”，侧重当众发表某事，多用于宣战、宣布会议或宣判。The city officials declared a state of emergency.城市当局宣布该城处于紧急状态。单句语法填空。(1)Koalas _(declare)a protected species in the 1930s,after thei
32、r numbers fell dramatically due to the fur trade.由于皮毛贸易考拉数量急剧下降，考拉在1930年被宣布为受保护物种。句意：由于皮毛贸易考拉数量急剧下降，考拉在20世纪三十年代被宣布为受保护物种。(2)The opening speeches sounded more like _(declare)of war than offerings of peace.句意：那些开幕辞听起来更像宣战书而不是和平倡议。were declareddeclarations考点二 短语诠释 Point test out 试验；考验This model had bee
33、n tested out before it was put into production.这个型号经过试验后才进行大批量生产。Unfortunately,the Bank of Japan is unlikely to have the nerve to test out the theory.不幸的是，日本央行没有胆量接受此理论的考验。思 维 拓 展test on sb./sth.在(身上)做实验/试验have/take a test in参加考试单句语法填空。(1)We are not ready to go into production yet.The new switch mec
34、hanism isnt fully tested _.句意：我们还不准备投产，新开关系统装置还未完全调试好。(2)The treatment is said to _(test)on healthy fertile women under the age of 35.句意：据说那项治疗已在35岁以下健康的育龄女性身上做了测试。outhave been testedPoint ring up 给打电话The moment he got up this morning，someone rang him up.今早他刚起床就有人给他打电话了。On arriving at the airport，he
35、 rang up his mother to say everything was OK.一到达机场，他就打电话给母亲报平安。思 维 拓 展ring back回电话ring off挂断电话;停止讲话ring for sb.打电话/按铃找某人单句语法填空。(1)If this man rings _ me again，dont put him through.(2)Seeing his boss coming，he hurried to ring _ and pretended to be working.up/foroffPoint turn around 转向；回转；(生意或经济)好转He
36、heard a voice but when he turned around,he saw nobody.他听到一个声音，但转身却没发现有人。Turning the company around wont be easy.使公司好转不容易。思 维 拓 展turn against 背叛；反抗turn away from sb./sth.厌恶/避开；把脸转过去turn sb.away(from sth.)不准某人进入；拒绝帮助某人turn down拒绝;调小(音量)turn on/off打开/关掉turn out结果是;证明是turn to 转向于；求助于turn up 出现;调大(音量)单句语
37、法填空。(1)Our hospital policy,however,was not to turn _ any patient,so we would treat them.句意：但是，根据医院的规章，我们不会将任何一位病人拒之于门外，所以我们会为他们诊治。(2)She went ahead,but kept _(turn)around to tell me things or explain them to me.awayturningPoint leavealone不管；别惹；让一个人待着Leave him alone and he will produce.别打扰他，他会写出来的。Yo
38、u shouldnt have left Andy alone in the mountains,because it was very dangerous.你不该将安迪一个人留在山上，因为那样非常危险。leave aside(把某事)搁置一边leave behind留下,遗留leave for 动身去某处leave out省去;遗漏;不考虑思 维 拓 展He was asked to leave for another city in 24 hours.他被要求24小时内离开到另一个城市去。The teacher required us to leave out some unnecessa
39、ry words in our essays.老师让我们将论文中一些不必要的词语省去。单句语法填空。(1)Some 87.9 percent of the children surveyed said they were willing to stay with their parents.About 90 percent said they felt insecure when they _(leave)alone.句意：约87.9%的受访儿童说，他们想和父母生活在一起。约90%的孩子说，父母不在身边，他们没有安全感。(2)Each of us can not leave _ other p
40、eoples work and lives in a civilized society.句意：我们每个人都不能离开别人的劳动成果而独自生存在文明社会。leave alone此处意为“不管，不理”。were leftalone考点三 句型归纳 Point“to be过去分词”形式Claire didnt want the robot in her house，especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks，but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or al
41、low her to be harmed.(教材P11)克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是在她丈夫离家三周的这段期间。但是，克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她。点拨：本句中to be harmed为动词不定式的被动语态。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式动作的承受者时，一般要用动词不定式的被动式，其动作与谓语动词的动作或同时发生，或在它之后发生。不定式的被动式在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for
42、Christmas.所有的这些礼物必须马上邮寄，以便在圣诞节时及时收到。I have expected to be invited to the English evening party.我一直期望他们邀请我参加这次英语晚会。思 维 拓 展(1)不定式的被动语态一般式通常表示将来的动作。The bridge is to be built next week.桥将在下星期建造。(2)不定式被动语态完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。The flowers seem to have been watered already.这些花儿似乎已经被浇过水了。单句语法填空。(1)History has
43、proved repeatedly that global problems call for joint solution by all countries,and global challenges need _(deal)with by various countries through cooperation.句意：历史已反复证明，全球性的问题需要各国共同解决，全球性的挑战需要各国合作应对。(2)After your conduct last time，did you expect _(invite)again?句意：上次由你主持之后，你期待再次被邀请吗？to be dealt/dea
44、lingto be invited单句改错。(3)There is nothing to be alarmal about.You are a little exhausted from overwork.句意：没什么好担心的。你只不过是有点劳累过度。armedPoint“状语谓语主语”式的完全倒装结构As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.(教材P11)她一转身，发现格拉迪斯克拉芬站在那里。点拨：这是一个完全倒装句，其结构为“状语谓语主语”。这种完全倒装句可以使句子平衡，前后联系比较紧密，而且也给状语部分比较突出的地位。这种完全倒装可
45、以用于下列四个方面：(1)当句首为there，here，now，then等副词且谓语动词为be，come，go等时，句子通常用完全倒装语序。Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。(2)突出状语或表语以示强调。So strange was his manner that everyone stared at him.他的行为如此怪异，以至于每个人都盯着他看。(3)使句子整体平衡。有短语或从句修饰的主语太长，谓语部分太短，如不使用倒装，会给人一种头重脚轻的感觉；而使主谓发生完全倒装，才能使句子整体平衡。Great was the delight of the students.学生
46、们欢天喜地。(4)使本句和前面的句子联系得紧密。I reached a big tree soon，and under the big tree lay an old man.我很快就到了一棵大树下，而那棵大树下躺着一位老人家。单句改错。(1)On your way to the airport，youll see that along the road stands many newly built buildings.(2)One day in particular，his doorbell rang，and there stands a stranger in a three-piece
47、 suit.(3)Is everyone here?Not yetlook,there comes the rest of our guests!comestoodstand(见课堂学案P19).重点单词 根据所给的释义或提示写出下列单词。1.The doorkeeper sounded the _ as soon as he saw the smoke.2.He wouldnt take my money;he insisted he was doing it as a _.3.The president appeared and was _ (陪伴)by six strong bodygu
48、ards.4.The government passed a law that _(宣布)it illegal to catch and sell this kind of animals.5.She looked back on her career with great _ (满足).6.Everyone _ (渴望)health and happiness.7.I wish hed show me a little more _(同情).8.Her _ (优雅的)style sets her apart from other journalists.9.I _ (羡慕)you havin
49、g such a close family.10.He is busy dealing with his personal _ (事情).alarmfavour accompanieddeclared satisfactiondesiressympathyelegantenvyaffairs.重点短语用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。out of envy,with satisfaction,test out,or rather,have(no)sympathy for,in favour of,leavealone,accompany sb.to,ring(sb.)up,turn around
50、1.Dont hesitate and _ me _ when you are in trouble.2.The model must _ before we put it into mass production.3._!You are going the wrong way.4.She is very upset._ her _ for a few minutes.5.They only say such unkind things about you _.6.The old man looked back on his brilliant career with satisfaction
51、.7.I met him very late on Friday night,_,early on Saturday morning.8.Are you _ the plan or against it?9.Generally speaking,we always _ the weak.10.She _ her mother _ the hospital because her mother had a sharp pain in her chest.ringupTurn aroundLeavealone out of envyor ratherin favour of have sympat
52、hy foraccompaniedtobe tested outSection Learning about Language(见课堂学案P20)不定式的被动语态 考点 语法细解 一、概念 当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，一般要用不定式的被动式。不定式的被动语态有两种：(1)一般式(to be done)：表示不定式动作在谓语动词之后或同时发生。(2)完成式(to have been done)：表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。二、不定式的被动式在句中的作用 不定式的被动式可以在句中作主语、作宾语、作表语、作定语、作状语。It is a great honor to b
53、e invited to attend the opening ceremony of Asian Games.被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。(作主语)The new drug is to be tested out on the 500 overweight people next year.明年，这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人身上进行试验。(作表语)The clerk wouldnt like to be laughed at by her customers.这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。(作宾语)The disabled child expected the cinema
54、to be designed by the chief architect.这个残疾的孩子希望由这个首席建筑师来设计这座电影院。(作宾补)The meeting to be held in our school next week is of great significance.下周将在我校召开的会议很重要。(作定语)He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.他匆忙赶到订票处却被告知所有的票都卖完了。(作状语)注意：(1)感官动词和一些使役动词的不定式的主动形
55、式要省去to，但在变成被动语态后需要加上to。能这样用的动词有:make，have，let，see，hear，notice，listen to，watch等。如：We often see him act like that.=He is often seen to act like that.我们常常看到他这样做。(2)在cant help but，have nothing to do but结构中，介词but后的不定式省去to。如：I cant help(but)suspect his motive.我不禁怀疑起他的动机。(3)在动词want，hopeq，manage，offer，happe
56、n,afford,promise，pretend，agree，expect等之后，用不定式作宾语；另外在动词tell，advise，show，teach，find out,decide，discuss，forget等后，常用一个带连接代词/副词的不定式作宾语。如：We must decide whether to go or stay.我们得决定去还是留。三、不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义 1.不定式的逻辑主语和逻辑宾语都出现在不定式前面，只能用主动形式；若在句中找不到不定式的逻辑主语，则用不定式的被动形式。如：Do you have anything to wash today?(to
57、wash的主语为句子的主语you，其逻辑宾语为anything。)你今天要洗什么吗？Do you have anything to be washed?(to be washed不是you做，而是由“我”或其他人来做)你有什么要其他人洗的吗？2.在There be/seem+主语+to do表示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义(也就是说，我们可能会见到被动形式，但主动形式要好得多)。Theres not enough food to eat.(The food is eaten.)没有足够的食物吃。Theres no chair to sit on.(The chair is
58、sat on.)没有椅子坐。3.在形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义，其中形容词常见的有easy，difficult，important，impossible等。如：The work is impossible to finish in two days.(The work is finished.)工作不可能两天之内完成。English is not so easy to learn.(English is learnt.)英语并不好学。4.在一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评”用be to blame；“(东西等)出租”用to let。如：He is to
59、 blame for what he has done.他应为他的所作所为受责备。The house is to let.房子要出租。5.假如不定式所表示的动词，在谓语所表示的动词(或状态)之前发生，该不定式要用完成式。如：Im glad to have seen your mother.=Im glad that I have seen your mother.我很高兴见到过你母亲。(见课堂学案P21)单句语法填空。1.The chair looks rather hard,but in fact,it is very comfortable _(sit)on.2.It shamed me
60、to say it,but I told a lie when _(question)at the meeting by the boss.3.He claimed _(treat)unfairly in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.4.Obviously,the article he wrote yesterday requires _(polish)again.5.The question _(discuss)at present has something important to do with nature
61、.to sitquestionedto have been treatedpolishing/to be polishedbeing discussed6._(improve)his English,he kept on practicing again and again.7.Do you know the girl in red?She seems to _(introduce)to me at last months party.But Im not sure.8.A fifteen-year-old girl came _(run)to the bus stop only to be
62、told the bus had gone.9.If they win the final tonight，the team are going to tour around the city _(cheer)by their enthusiastic supporters.10.Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _(improve)in a short period.To improvehave been introducedrunningto be cheeredimp
63、rovedSection Using Language(见课堂学案P21).Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.1.What kind of book is Isaac Asimov best known for?A.Mystery stories.B.Science and history books.C.Books about the Holy Bible.D.Science fiction stories.2.How many years did Isaac Asimov work in his p
64、arents store?A.5.B.9.C.11.D.13.答案：D答案：D3.From the passage we know that.A.Isaac Asimov wrote some famous plays about ShakespeareB.Robots should protect human beings in“I，Robot”C.Isaac Asimov didnt publish books until he became a full-time writerD.Isaac Asimovs ideas about robots completely influenced
65、 scientists researching into artificial intelligence答案：B4.Which of the following is the right order according to the text?a.Isaac Asimov worked as a junior chemist in the Philadelphia Navy.b.Isaac Asimov began to publish stories in science fiction magazines.c.Isaac Asimov became a full-time writer.d
66、.Isaac Asimov was infected HIV.e.Isaac Asimov got a divorce from his first wife.A.b-a-e-c-d B.b-a-c-e-dC.a-b-e-c-d D.a-b-d-e-c答案：B.Complete the following table with the words from the text.DivisionMain ideaDetailed factsPara.1occupationAn American 1.scientist and writer who wrote about 480 books tha
67、t included mystery stories,science and history booksBut he is best known for his 2.science fiction stories.Para.2ate and place of his birth and deathHe was born on 2 January,1920,in Russia;his life ended in New York on 6 April,1992,when he died as a result of an HIV infection that he had got from a
68、blood 3.transfusion nine years earlier.DivisionMain ideaDetailed factsPara.3educationIn 1941,he gained a 4.masters degree in chemistry.In 1949,he became a biochemistry teacher at Boston University School of Medicine.Para.4talentAt the age of 11,he showed the 5.talent for writing and then he started
69、to 6.take himself seriously as a writer.DivisionMain ideaDetailed factsPara.5Para.6He won an award for the Foundation trilogy,three novels about the death and rebirth of a great7.empire in a galaxy of the future.These books are famous because Asimov invented a 8.theoreticalframework,designed to show
70、 how ideas and 9.thinking may develop in the future.awardsHe married his first wife in 1942 and 10.divorced her in 1973.marriage(见课堂学案P22)考点一 单词点击Point state vt.陈述；宣布I am not making excuse；Im simply stating a fact.我不是在找借口，我只是在陈述事实。He stated that the project would be completed by June,2015.他宣布这项工程将于2
71、015年6月底前完成。思 维 拓 展(1)state n.状况，状态；国家，政府；州adj.国家提供的；国事礼仪的；州的(2)statement n.声明，陈述；说法，表态make a statement发表声明 单句语法填空。(1)It _(state)publicly that modern dance in China is“not that good”.Many who have travelled to China and seen the work in person say it is“fabulous”.句意：曾经有公开的言论说中国的现代舞“不怎么好”，但许多到过中国并亲眼看过
72、节目的人却说中国的现代舞“很棒”。用现在完成时表示运去动作对现在的影响。(2)He was told not to make any _(state)to the press about the incident.句意：他被告知关于这个事件不要对媒体发表任何声明。has been statedstatementsPoint talent n.天才；特殊能力；才干have a talent for sth.在某方面有天赋be of talent 有天赋的She has a special talent for singing.她特别有唱歌方面的天分。I think he has no talen
73、t for expressing himself on paper.我认为他没有笔头表达的能力。思 维 拓 展talented adj.有才能的；多才的be talented at/in具有方面的才能Although totally unreliable in cooking，he is very talented in art.虽然他不会煮菜，可是他却非常有艺术天分。单句语法填空。(1)I admit that shes _(talent)in many ways,but being a professional singer is really a long shot.(2)It took
74、 me fifteen years to discover that I had no talent _ writing，but I couldnt give it up because by that time I was too famous.单句改错。(3)When Linlin was only 5 years old,I found hes talented for swimming.talentedforat/inPoint divorce n.离婚；断绝关系vt.&vi.(与)离婚；与脱离Following the divorce，the wife desired to buy
75、a small boutique.离婚后，妻子急切地想买一个小型时装精品店。Life and art cannot be divorced.生活与艺术不能脱离。单句语法填空。(1)It was the first time in modern French history that a serving president _(divorce)his wife.句意：这是法国近代史上首位在任期内与妻子离婚的总统。(2)The government servants are warned not _(divorce)from the masses.句意：政府公务员被警告不能脱离群众。had div
76、orcedto be divorcedPoint obey vt.&vi.服从;顺从obey regulations/laws/orders 遵守规章制度/法律/命令Why should I obey the law，and what are the limits,if any，to my obligation?我为何要遵守法律,我的义务界限在哪?He made several efforts to obey,but his little strength disappeared for the time,and he fell back again with a moan.他好几次努力想服从
77、，可是他仅有的可怜体力暂时是消失了，他呻吟了一声又倒下去。单句语法填空。(1)The school regulation that everyone isnt absent from class even on Sundays must _(obey)strictly.(2)He would not have got injured if he _(obey)the traffic rule.be obeyedhad obeyed考点二 短语诠释 Point set aside将放在一边；为节省或保留(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑She set aside a part of each day to
78、 be with him.她每天都留出一部分时间和他在一起。They have set 10 acres aside for future farming.他们已留出十英亩的田地用于将来耕种。思 维 拓 展(1)lay aside 放在一边;积蓄put aside 积蓄;搁一搁(2)set about 着手/开始做(后接名词、动名词)set down 放下；记下set off 出发，启程;引爆set out 出发；开始做(后接不定式)set up 建立；树立；搭起 用由set构成的短语的正确形式填空。(1)As soon as she arrived she _ tidying up the
79、room.(2)The old couple tried to _ some extra money for some purpose.(3)The school has _ a special class to help those poor learners.(4)Having said goodbye to the friends，they _ for their destination.(5)His speech _ violence in the crowd.(6)He will _ all his important thoughts in his diary when they
80、are fresh in his mind.单句改错。(7)You had better to set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.set aboutset asideset upset off/outset offset downPoint in all一共；总计Here is your bill.Its 2，000 yuan in all.这是您的账单,总共2 000元。There were twenty dollars in all，as she had said
81、.一共是20美元，和她说的一样。比 较 网 站above all/after all/first of all/all in allabove all意为“最重要的是；尤其是”，强调要引起特别注意。after all意为“毕竟；终究；到底”，表示让步。first of all意为“首先”，强调次序。all in all 意为“总而言之”，强调归纳总结。选择短语(in all/above all/after all/first of all)填空。(1)We must work，and _ we must believe in ourselves.(2)He is certain to come
82、._，hes already accepted the invitation.(3)_，let me introduce myself to you.(4)There are thirty _ in the party who will travel to Lanzhou.above all After allFirst of allin allPoint be bound to 一定做be bound to do sth.必定；必然；决意一定会做某事be bound to sth.受的约束be bound for somewhere 前往某地The weather is bound to g
83、et better tomorrow.明天天气一定会变好。The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.这项新发现对于人类必定大有用处。They boarded the ship，which was bound for Canada.他们登上了那艘前往加拿大的船。思 维 拓 展(1)bound用作形容词时，意思是“被捆绑的,被束缚的”,常引申为“受约束的”,形成短语be bound to sth.“受约束”，to为介词。(2)bound还可作“一定的,必定的”讲,只用作表语，形成短语be bound to do sth
84、.“必定；必然；决意”；bound亦作“去；准备去”讲，形成短语be bound for“前往某地”，for表示目的地。单句改错。(1)I support your decision，but I should also make this clear that I am not going to be bound to it.句意：我支持你的决定，但是我得说明，我不打算受它约束。(2)To sum up my credo(信条)in a sentenceonly if a man does his best he bound to be successful.句意：我的人生信条总结起来一句话只
85、有全力以赴才能成功。itis考点三 句型归纳 Point“介词+关系代词”型的定语从句Asimov had both an extraordinary imagination that gave him the ability to explore future worlds and an amazing mind with which he searched for explanations of everything,in the present and the past.(教材P16)阿西莫夫不仅有着超凡的想象力,使他能对未来世界进行探索,而且还有着惊人的智力,使他能对现在的和过去的各种
86、事物作出解释。点拨：该句是复合句。bothand连接了两个并列的名词短语，an extraordinary imagination和an amazing mind作宾语，两个并列的宾语又分别含有that和with which引导的定语从句。with which是“介词which/whom”结构。介词的选择或与前面的名词搭配有关，或与后面的动词或词组搭配有关。The car，for which I paid a lot of money,is now out of date.我花很多钱买的车现在已经过时了。This is the school in which I once studied.这就
87、是我曾经上过学的学校。He is telling a story of a hero，of whom everyone in the town is proud.他正在讲一个英雄的故事，这个英雄全镇人引以为自豪。单句语法填空。(1)A good advertisement often uses words _which people attach positive meanings.句意：一则好广告通常运用一些人们赋予其积极意义的话语。单句改错。(2)She was so desperate to find that there wasnt a person on whom she could
88、 turn.句意：她绝望地发现没有一个她能求助的人。(3)Alex asked the policeman of whom he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.句意：埃里克斯让那个与他共事的警察一旦发生事故就与他联系。to towith(见课堂学案P24).重点单词 根据所给的释义或提示写出下列单词。1.I feel great sympathy for the little girl whose parents got _ (离婚)three years ago.2.Boswell wrote a famous _
89、(传记)of Dr.White.3.The tests are supposed to provide a basis for the _ (评价)of children.4.He is studying at a _ (初级)middle school.5.My mother bought a _ camera yesterday from the Internet.6.She is a millionaire,so her family live in a _ flat in the downtown.7.Everybody should _ the law and discipline,
90、or he will be punished.8.I opened a bank account after I made$1,000 by doing a _ job during the summer vacation.9.You have a natural _ for storytelling.10.Dont waste your _ on him,for hell never love you.divorcedbiographyassessmentjuniordigitalgrandobeypart-timetalent affection.重点短语用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。s
91、et aside,in all,be bound to,be junior to,have a talent for1.It is reported that the weather _ get better tomorrow,so we will have a picnic.2.Youd better _ some money for your old age,or youll be in trouble.3.The hall was crowded with people.It is said that about 5,000 people attended the conference
92、_.4.Tom married Mary,who _ him by 18 years.5.To his parents satisfaction,the young man _ singing.is bound to set asidein allis junior tohas a talent forSection Guided Writing(见课堂学案P25)如何写想象类作文【写作技巧】本单元的写作任务是写一篇想象类作文，这类作文的命题方式多是给出简单要点或图表等，并要求考生在此基础上进行合理想象。因此，此类文章的写作属于半开放式作文。半开放式作文也是近几年高考书面表达的一个热点。想象类
93、作文对考生的能力要求较高，考查也更加全面。它不仅考查考生的语言表达能力和组织能力，而且还考查考生的想象能力、发散思维能力以及多角度、全方面思考问题的能力。写这类文章要注意以下几点：1.要根据题目要求和提示，确定好主题并围绕主题展开合理而全面的想象，切忌根据自己的喜好而随意想象。2.要注意人称及时态的正确运用。3.要有丰富的表达方式，大胆使用一些较高级词汇及较复杂句式。【常用句型】I think we can我认为我们能够The robot can机器人能够It can also它也能够I think of我想到sothat如此以致at last最后【习文练笔】根据下面的说明写一篇作文，词数10
94、0左右。30年后的机器人会是什么样的？假如你是一名中学生，叫做林涛，发挥你的想象力，构想30年后的机器人，它叫什么名字？它的外观是什么样子？最主要的是它能为你做些什么？你认为你的机器人怎么样？_【思路点拨】本篇作文可从以下几个方面入手，首先说明创造机器人的起因；其次，点出机器人的名称、特点和作用；最后交代机器人的使用方法和注意事项。【词汇热身】1.产品2.包括3.帮助(做)某事4.代替，而不是5.突破6.实现【句式温习】1.我一直有个梦想，那就是2042年拥有一个名叫超人的机器人。I always have a dream to own a robot in 2042 _Superman.2.
95、它是一个智能产品，能帮我做许多事，包括帮我做家务，尤其是我最不愿做的擦地板。It will be a product of AI(artifical intelligence)and it can do many things for me,_all of my housework,especially cleaning the floor _.3.它能代替父母接送我去上学。It could send me to school and _.4.随着科技的突破，我坚信我的梦想总有一天会实现。_,I strongly believe that my dream will _ one day.【连句
96、成篇】_【参考范文】My name is Lin Tao.I always have a dream to own a robot in 2042 named Superman.It will be a product of AI(artifical intelligence)and it can do so many things for me,including helping me with all of my housework,especially cleaning the floor which I hate to do most.It could cook the meals a
97、nytime for my family.It could send me to school and fetch me from school instead of my parents.It can dress me in the morning.Added up to all,it could also be my teachers,teaching me English and math!What a helpful robot it will be!With the breakthrough of technology,I strongly believe that my dream
98、 will come true one day.项目课标要求核心单词(见课堂学案P26)1.desire n.渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要 desirable adj.渴望得到的；值得拥有的2.alarm vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 n.警报；惊恐 alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的；忧虑的；惊恐的；惊慌的 alarming adj.令人惊恐的；令人担忧的3.sympathy n.同情(心)4.accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏 companion n.同伴；伴侣；同事；同志 company (类似词)n.公司；陪伴5.declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称 declar
99、ation n.声明；宣布6.envy vt.忌妒；羡慕 envious adj.忌妒的；羡慕的项目课标要求核心单词7.affair n.事务；事情；暧昧关系 affairs (pl.)事务8.favour n.喜爱；恩惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒9.satisfaction n.满意；满足；令人满意的事物 satisfy v.使满意；使满足 satisfied adj.满意的；满足的 satisfying adj.令人满意的；令人满足的10.elegant adj.优雅的；高雅的；讲究的 elegance n.优雅；高雅11.divorce n.离婚；断绝关系 vt.与离婚；与脱离12.awful
100、adj.极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；(口语)糟透的 awfully adv.可怕地；糟透地；极坏地13.junior adj.较年幼的，资历较浅的；地位较低的 n.年少者；晚辈；等级较低者 senior (反义词)adj.年长的；有资历的14.talent n.天才；特殊能力；才干 talented adj.有天赋的15.obey vt.&vi.服从；顺从 disobey (反义词)vt.&vi.不服从；违抗16.assessment n.评价；评定 assess vt.评价，评定(能力、效果、性质、质量)项目课标要求重点短语1.ring up 给打电话2.leavealone 不管；别惹；让一
101、个人待着；和单独在一起3.set aside 将放在一边；为节省或保留(钱或时间)4.test out 试验；考验5.turn around 转向；回转6.search for 寻找7.in all 总计，一共8.be bound to 一定做9.reach for 伸手够项目课标要求经典句型重点语法1.As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern.她刚一转过身来，就看到格拉迪丝克拉芬站在那儿。2.But even though Tony had been so clever,he would have to be rebuiltyou ca
102、nnot have women falling in love with machines.但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得作一番改造总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。3.Use a clear simple style as if you were writing to younger students in your school.运用简洁明了的写作风格，就好像你的读者是你们学校低年级的学生那样。Revise the Passive Voice()(including the infinitive)复习被动语态()(含动词不定式).情景词汇单元词汇串记 David has a great talent
103、 for writing and is full of imagination.He is good at writing science fiction.So far he has written over 100 books in all,among which The Robot is the most popular.In his works the robots can do everything and even have intelligence and affection.So,what is the robot nowadays like in our life?Robots
104、 are used widely in industry.The household robot can be soon put on the market after being tested out through the staffs hard work.So,what functions do people want the household robot to have?The household robot doesnt need salary as well as bonus,but it has a lot of talent.It can obey your order to
105、 prepare cuisine and make the bedding for you.Besides,it can accompany the old at home.If they are sad and desire comfort,the robot wont leave them alone.On the contrary,it will show sympathy for them.If you dont go home,you can ring up the robot.If you set aside time to play chess with it,you are b
106、ound to lose,because it is cleverer than you.Do you feel alarmed at it?.情景语法单元语法串连 It had been said that the movie to be made by a famous director the next year would be a hit.I had been longing for itYesterday,I was given two tickets for it.I got dressed beautifully and went to the new movie theatr
107、e downtown.This was my first time to be in an American movie theatre,and several things happened that seemed unusual to me.First,I was surprised that people were eating during the movie.Popcorn,candy and soda water are sold in the theatre.Such things can hardly be seen in my homeland.However,they se
108、ll well in the US,and young people love eating them.I dont understand why people buy food to eat during the movie.Also,Coming Attractions is shown before the movie.During the Coming Attractions,a lot of people were talking.But as soon as the movie got started,everyone became quiet.Another unusual th
109、ing was that at the end of the movie,nobody applauded.While the credits were being shown,people were leaving.It was also strange for me that popcorn boxes and candy wrappers were left on the floor of the theatre.I was also surprised that the movie theatre was so small and narrow.I was told that the
110、theatre was big at one time.But it was divided into several small theatres so that several movies could be shown at the same time.It is said that more money can be made in that way.话题阅读“排除法”结合“原文检验法”破解判断正误题 There are robots all around us.Some do very complicated jobs like flying airplanes and drivin
111、g subway trains while some do one simple job.When an automatic washing machine is switched on,water pours in.The machine waits until the water is warm enough for washing clothes.It does this by“feedback”.Information about what is happening is“feedback”into the robot to tell it what to do next.Our ey
112、es,ears and other senses are our feedback.They tell us what is going on around us.So robots are like human beings in two ways.They work and they have feedback.In some ways robots are better than human beings.They work quickly and do not make mistakes.They do not get bored doing the same job over and
113、 over again.And they never get tired.So robots are very useful in factories.They can be taught to do many different jobs.First their electronic brain must be shown how the job is done.A person moves the robots“arms”and“hands”through each part of the job.The most intelligent robots can move and see.T
114、heir eyes are cameras.Their fingers can feel shapes and sizes of the objects.These robots have computer brains linked to their eyes and fingers,which control their actions.The pensive“Times New Roman”the most intelligent robots are used in scientific research.They do such a job as handling radioacti
115、ve materials.【方法解读】判断正误题是英语阅读理解中的常考题型。它主要考查考生对语段所揭示事实的判断能力；确认语篇所涉及主要事实的逻辑关系和对细节或其大意以及文章寓意的理解能力。常见的出题方式主要有下面两种：对集中事实或推理的判断；对多处事实或推理的判断。在做这类题时，可从以下几个方面人手：1.在了解文章大意的基础上，把握文章的基本事实，并在此基础上列出事实“清单”，做到心中有数。2.准确理解文章的意图，找出段落之间的逻辑关系。3.注意原文中的陈述和题目中相关陈述表达方法的异同。4.仔细审题，看清题目中相关陈述表达方法的异同。5.“排除法”与“原文检验法”相结合。先排除与文中内容矛
116、盾的选项，再将剩余选项代入文中看是否符合前后逻辑关系。【方法运用】Which of the following is TRUE?A.Robots are like human beings.B.Robots are better than human beings.C.Many different jobs can be done by teaching robots.D.Robots can move and see.(1)明确目标：该题的选项中有三项错误叙述，一项正确叙述；在了解文章大意的基础上，我们需要静下心来，认真从原文找答案，排除错误选项，验证正确选项。(2)错误对比：A项出自第一段的倒数第二句，缺少了in two ways，故排除；B项出自第二段的首句，缺少了In some ways，排除B项；D项出自最后一段的首句，缺少了The most intelligent，也可以排除掉。(3)答案分析：C项“Many different jobs can be done by teaching robots”和第二段第六句“They can be taught to do many different jobs”为同义句，故选C项。