1、阅读理解-AWhen I was younger, bedtime was always my favourite part of the day. Wearing soft pajamas and with Ian, my stuffed monkey, in my arms, I felt no pressure at all.I named Ian after my uncle when I compared Ians long arms and legs to his. One night I ran up to Uncle Ian at a family party and told
2、 him I had named my monkey after him. His eyebrows wrinkled in confusion, then a chuckle（哈哈笑）escaped his lips. I guess he didnt understand how important it was to me.Even if Uncle Ian didnt think my monkey was special, I certainly did. I dressed him in a white baby nightgown. My mother thought that
3、Ian was the best-dressed stuffed animal in the world. Yes, he was certainly a fashionable creature. The strong cologne（科隆香水）I used on him years ago makes him still smell “pretty”.For a long time, Ian went everywhere with me. He was my best friend, and I told him everything. But when I turned twelve,
4、 I realized I was too old for stuffed animals. I thought people would think I was babyish, so I put him in the cupboard with the rest of my teddy bears and dolls. I begged him to understand why I was doing this, but at the same time I longed to talk to him again.It took me several years to realize t
5、hat it was OK to miss Ian. I know now that maturity（成熟）doesnt only mean growing up and taking on more responsibility. It also means holding on to your childhood and acting young sometimes.Ian has been with me since I was six years old holding him in my arms connects me to my past and my present as I
6、 continue to grow and understand myself.1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?ABedtime used to be the writers favourite part of the day because of the stuffed monkey.B. Uncle Ian liked the stuffed monkey as much as the writer.C. The writer used to carry the monkey with her wher
7、ever she went.D. Years later the writer realized that it was not wrong to miss Monkey Ian.答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第一段 “bedtime was always my favourite part of the day. .my stuffed monkey, in my arms, I felt no pressure at all.”可知，A选项正确。由第四段首句 “For a long time, Ian went everywhere with me.” 可知，C选项正确。由倒数第
8、二段首句 “It took me several years to realize that it was OK to miss Ian.” 可知，D选项正确。 结合第二段和该段的 “His eyebrows wrinkled in confusion, then a chuckle escaped his lips. I guess he didnt understand how important it was to me.” 可知，Uncle Ian 对于我用他的名字为我的玩具猴命名感到迷惑，但是他并不知道玩具猴对我有多重要，因此可推断，Uncle Ian并不是和作者一样喜欢玩具猴。B选
9、项不符合文意，故选择B。2. The writer loved Monkey Ian deeply because _.A. he could understand her B. he was a fashionable monkeyC. he could talk with her D. he was her most honest listener 答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推理题。由第四段 “He was my best friend, and I told him everything.” 可以推断，玩具猴是作者最忠实的听众。故答案为D。3. We can learn from t
10、he text that the writer believes _.A. keeping stuffed animals is babyishB. maturity doesnt mean growing up and taking on more responsibilityC. one should keep to his childhood and act young sometimes even when he has grown upD. human beings should be kind to animals 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段可知，作者几年后才意
11、识到想念玩具Ian 是没有错的。他懂得了成熟不仅仅意味着长大和承担责任，成熟也意味着怀念童年并有时候表现得稚气也无妨。故可推断，C选项符合文意。A选项与文意相反；B选项没有了 “only” ，意思就与原文相反；D选项未提及。4. We can infer from the text that _.A. the writer is still a teenager B. the writer is now a middle-aged womanC. Monkey Ian got angry for being left alone DUncle Ian has a monkey-like fac
12、e答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题，要求推断作者的年龄。结合文章第一段首句 “When I was younger” 和最后一段 “and my present as I continue to grow and understand myself.” 可以推断，作者继续在成长并开始懂得自己，现在应该是个青少年。故答案为A。Passage Four (Examinations Exert a Pernicious Influence on Education) We might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but t
13、he methods of testing a persons knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to device anything more efficient and reliable than examinations. For all the pious claim that examinations text what yo
14、u know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite. They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a persons true ability and aptitude. As anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none.
15、That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success of failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. It doesnt matter that you werent feeling very well, or that your mother died. Little things like that dont count: the exam goes on. No one can give of
16、 his best when he is in mortal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do. The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured. Can we wonder at the increasi
17、ng number of drop-outs: young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students? A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself. The examination system does anything but that.
18、What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming. They lower the standards of teaching, f
19、or they deprive the teacher of all freedoms. Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they ar
20、e the best trained in the technique of working under duress. The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner. Examiners are only human. They get tired and hungry; they make mistakes. Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled
21、scripts in a limited amount of time. They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates. And their word carries weight. After a judges decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an examiners. There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a persons true abi
22、lities. Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? This is what it boils down to in the last analysis. The best comment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall: I were a teenage drop-out and now I are a
23、 teenage millionaire.1.The main idea of this passage isA examinations exert a pernicious influence on education.examinations are ineffective.C examinations are profitable for institutions.D examinations are a burden on students.2.The authors attitude toward examinations isAdetest.approval.C critical
24、.D indifferent.3.The fate of students is decided byA education.institutions.C examinations.D students themselves.4.According to the author, the most important of a good education isA to encourage students to read widely.to train students to think on their own.C to teach students how to tackle exams.
25、D to master his fate.5.Why does the author mention court?A Give an example.For comparison.C It shows that teachers evolutions depend on the results of examinations.D It shows the results of court is more effectise.Vocabulary1.pernicious 有害的，恶性的，破坏性的2.knack 窍门，诀窍3.embark 乘船，登记4.write off 勾销，注销。确认某食物已
26、损失或无效5.syllabus 教学大纲6.cram 塞入，把某物塞进，突击式学习（尤指应考），以注入方式教人7.duress 威胁，逼迫8.stack 堆，垛9.scrawl 写/画（的内容不工整，不仔细）潦草的笔迹，七扭八歪的字10.script 讲稿，剧本，脚本，笔试答卷11.cynical 愤世嫉俗的，自私得为人不齿的12.boil down 熬浓，浓缩，归纳难句译注1. For all the pious claim that examinations test what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do
27、 the exact opposite.【参考译文】尽管所有那些虔诚的说法说考试能测定你所知道的东西，但其结果常常是适得其反，这是众所周之的常识。2. As anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none.【结构简析】second to none固定搭配，义：不亚于任何人或事物。【参考译文】（测）考试作为忧虑的制造者，真是出类拔萃。3. induce cramming诱人采用突击式学习方式。Cram尽力塞入，应试突击学习。EX: cram for a chemistry test.为应付化学考试而临时抱佛脚。Cram pupils以填鸭式教学生。
28、4. Yet you have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time.【参考译文】他们不得不在限定的时间内，给一大堆匆忙涂写而成的笔试答卷批分。5. And their word carries weight.【参考译文】可他们的话/文字（这里指分数）有份量（有影响）。6. This is what it boils down to in the last analysis.【参考译文】这就是最终分析所归纳的一切。写作方法与文章大意 这是一篇类似分类写作的文章。罗列了考试种种恶果。作者首先指
29、出考试难以测定人的真正能力和水平，反而是适得其反。二是考试是忧虑的制造者，因为它决定了人的成败命运。三是考试促使学校进行应试技巧教育，否定了教会人独立思考、扩大视野。四是教师或者说测试人又累又饿，犯错误，还得在限定时间披阅成堆的试卷，他们的压力和考试者一样很大，而他们的话分数有份量，审判官的裁决，你有权上诉，而他们的裁决一笔定终身。 最后引用“辍学者成为百万富翁”来点明测试这种形式对教育的坏影响。答案详解1. A 考试对教育具有有害的影响。文章第一段就点明：考试是测试记忆的好方法，是测试在巨大压力下快速工作的技巧的好方法，却测不出一个人的真正能力和水平。第三段集中指出：考试不是促进学生广泛阅读
30、，反而限制其阅读；考试不能使学生追求更多的知识，而是诱导学生进行应付考试的突击式学习。他们降低了教学水平，因为他们剥夺了老师的一切自由。常常以考试结果而不是所教课程来评定老师，是他们不得不以他们所轻视的考试技巧来培训学生。第二段和第四段也涉及其后果。B.考试无效。这是考试后果的一个方面。C.考试对教育机构有利。这也是一个方面。D.考试对学生是一种负担。2. C 批评的。第一段中作者明确指出，考试方法依旧，不能测出人的能力和水平。第二段点名，这种无用的考试决定人生的成败。第三段说考试最成功的考试者经常不是最佳的受教育者，他们是在胁迫下最佳获得考试技巧者，而好的教育应能培养人的独立思考。第四段涉及
31、阅卷者又累又饿，常犯错误，不得不在限定时间披阅一大堆匆忙中七扭八歪写出的卷子。最后一句“我过去是一个是来岁的辍学者，现在我是一个年轻的百万富翁”画龙点睛地指出，考试指挥下的教育的失败。这一切都说明作者对考试的批评态度。A.嫌恶，厌恶。此答案从意义上说是对的。但语法不通，因为这是个东西，而is后要求是名词或形容词。B.赞成。D.漠不关心的。3. C 考试。答案在第二段，考试是最终忧虑制造者，那是因为许多事情取决于考试：它们是我们社会中成功或失败的标志。你的未来可能全取决于这决定性的一天。A.教育。B.教育机构。D.学生自己。4. B 培养学生进行独立思考。第三段第一句话点明：好的教育应该是培养学
32、生自己独立思考。A.鼓励学生广泛阅读。教学生如何应考。C.教学生如何应考。D.掌握自己命运。5. B 作对比，答案在最后一段倒数第二句“审判官裁决后，你有权力上诉，而披阅考卷人给分后，学生可没有上诉权”后面又谈及“一想到考试只对进行考试的机构有礼，未免太自私了。这酒是最终分析归纳的东西。”所以作者呼吁，可定还有许多更简便，更有效的评估人真正能力的方法。A.给出一个例子。C.表示老师是由考试结果评定好坏。这是第三段讲的不分内容，教师他们自己常由考试结果而不是所教课程优劣来评定。所以他们不得不对学生进行应试技巧教育，降低教学水平。D.表明审判官裁决更有效。阅读理解-B“The Lord of th
33、e Rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium（千年）, was made up of three parts“The Fellowship of the Ring”, “Two Towers”, and “The Return of the King”. Millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the compos
34、ition of the creative materwork.John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born in South Africa in 1892. His parents died when he was a child. Living in England with his aunt, Tolkien and his cousins made up play languages, a hobby that led to Tolkiens becoming skilled in Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Angl
35、o-Saxon.After graduating from Oxford, Tolkien served in World War I. In 1917, while recovering from trench fever, he began composing the mythology for The Rings. As a professor of Anglo-Saxon in 1930s at Oxford, Tolkien was part of an informal discussion group called the Inklings, which included sev
36、eral writers. The group was soon listening to chapters of Tolkiens imaginative work “The Hobbit”.Hobbit was a name Tolkien created for a local people that could best be described as half-sized members of the English rural（乡村的）class. Hobbits live in hillside holes. One of them, Bilbo Baggins, looks f
37、or treasures with a group of dwarves（侏儒）. On the way, he meets the twisted, pitiful creature Gollum, from whom he sees a golden ring that makes the holder invisible.One of Tolkiens students persuaded her employer, publisher Allen & Unwin, to look at a draft（草稿）. The chairman of the firm, Stanley Unw
38、in, thought that the best judge for a childrens book would be his ten-year-old son. The boy earned a shilling for reporting back that the adventure was exciting, and “The Hobbit” was published in 1937.It sold so well that Unwin asked for a continuation. Over a dozen years later, in 1954, Tolkien pro
39、duced “The Lord of the Rings”, a series of books so creative that they hold readersnew and old after their publication.1. What can we learn from the text?A. “The Lord of the Rings” didnt sell well in the last millennium.B. People know better about Tolkien himself than about his works.C. Tolkien was
40、quite familiar with Old English.D. Tolkien knew very well about different kinds of local languages in Africa. 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由第一段首句 “The Lord of the Rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium.”可知，A选项错误。由第一段后面的 “Millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages
41、, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative materwork.” 可知，B选项错误。由第二段内容可知，Tolkien 出生于南非，幼时丧父母，与aunt 住在英格兰，和表兄妹们一起玩耍的经历养成了对Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo-Saxon.的热爱，也使得Tolkien能够熟练掌握它们。故可推断，Tolkien在英格兰长大，熟悉的不会是非洲本土语言，应该是英语，文章提到那些语言自然就是古英语了。故答案C正确。2. W
42、hat can we learn about “Hobbit” that Tolkien created in his works?A. Hobbit was a race living in English downtown areas.B. Hobbit was a local people who were very tall and strong.C. Hobbit was a social group of people who lived in old castles.D. Hobbit was a group of people who were mostly dwarves.
43、答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推理题。由文章第四段 “Hobbit was a name Tolkien created for a local people that could best be described as half-sized members of the English rural class. Hobbits live in hillside holes.” 可知，A、B、C均不正确。由“half-sized”可推断，Hobbit 中的大多数人是侏儒。故答案为D。3. Which of the following helped most in making “The Ho
44、bbit” published?A. One of Tolkiens students.B. Stanley Unwins son.C. Allen & Unwin.D. Bilbo Baggins. 答案解析：答案为B。本题为推理题。尽管文章倒数第二段首句提到 “One of Tolkiens students persuaded her employer, publisher Allen & Unwin, to look at a draft .” 但是后文又提到 “ The chairman of the firm, Stanley Unwin, thought that the bes
45、t judge for a childrens book would be his ten-year-old son” 故可以推断，对于The Hobbit的出版起着决定作用的应该是Stanley Unwins son。故答案为B。4. What is mainly discussed in the text?A. “The Lord of the Rings” and its writer.B. A completely new masterwork in the new millennium.C. A famous professor at Oxford University.D. The
46、 power of the magic ring. 答案解析：答案为A。本题考查文章的中心。由第一段最后一句 “but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative materwork.” 和文章后面的内容可知，本文主要介绍The Lord of the Rings 和其作者。故答案为A。5. Which of the following shows the right order of Mr. J.R.R.Tolkiens life experience?a. He had his
47、 “The Hobbit” published.b. He became a member of the Inklings.c. He served in World Ward. He became an undergraduate at Oxford.e. His work “The Lord of the Rings” came to the world.f. He moved to England to live with his aunt.A. f-d-b-c-a-eB. f-d-c-b-a-eC. f-c-d-b-e-aD. d-f-c-a-b-e 答案解析：答案为B。结合全文可知答案为B。版权所有：高考资源网()版权所有：高考资源网()