1、Astronomy：the science of the stars Unit 4 Section Using Language栏目导航 课前教材预案课堂深度拓展课后限时作业课末随堂演练.Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text.1The passage is mainly about _.Athe introduction of the moon Bthe gravity that the writer felt on their way to the moon Cthe writers visit to t
2、he moon Dthe writers friend Li Yanping，an astronomer 答案：C课前教材预案 2Why were they pushed back into their seats when they were going up?ABecause their spaceship was too heavy.BBecause they were pulled by the moons gravity.CBecause their spaceship traveled too fast.DBecause they were trying to escape the
3、 pull of the earths gravity.答案：D 3How did the writer feel after the trip into space?APuzzled and bored.BShocked but disappointed.CExhausted but excited.DExhausted and disappointed.答案：C 4From the passage，we can learn that _.Ait was the first time that the writer had visited the moon Bthe writer becam
4、e taller and fatter on the moon Cthe writer was too frightened to speak Dwalking on the moon was very easy 答案：A 5From the passage we can know if a man grows up on the moon，_.Ahe will grow taller Bhe will grow shorter Che will become fatter Dhe will become heavier 答案：A.Fill in the blanks in the follo
5、wing passage according to the text.Last month，Li Yanping and I made a trip to the moon 1._ a spaceship.Li told me that the gravity force would change three times.First，2._ we escaped the pull of the earths gravity，we were 3._(push)back into our seats.Closer to the moon，there was 4._(little)gravity.I
6、 5._(cheer)up immediately and floated 6._(weight)around in our spaceship cabin.On the moon，my weight was less than on the earth.Walking 7._(do)need a bit of practice now that gravity had changed.After a while I got the hang 8._ it and we began to enjoy 9._(our).But returning to the earth was very 10
7、._(frighten).We watched，amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship.inwhenpushedlesscheeredweightlesslydidofourselvesfrightening课堂深度拓展考点一 单词点击Point pull(1)n.C拉(力)；拖；牵引力；扯；引力As the rocket rose into the air，we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of th
8、e earths gravity.(教材 P30)随着火箭升空，我们被重重地推回到座位上，因为我们正尽力摆脱地球的引力。He gave a strong pull at the rope.他用力拉了拉绳子。(2)vt.拉，牵，扯(反义词：push)They managed to pull the machine inside the room.他们用力把机器拖进了屋里。pull down拆毁 pull in/into进站停靠；驶向路边(或某处)停靠 pull out离开，脱离；离站，(使)摆脱困境；拔出 pull through渡过难关，度过危机；使恢复健康 pull up停车，停住The t
9、rain pulls out at noon.火车在中午发车。Several houses were pulled down to make way for the new road.为了给新修的道路让路，几座房屋被拆毁了。It was this spirit that pulled us through the darkest moments of the war.正是这种精神使我们渡过了战争中最黑暗的时刻。单句语法填空。(1)Houses were split and collapsed，but we can build them again.So long as people are a
10、live，we can still pull _ and conquer the major natural disaster.解析：句意：房子裂了、塌了，我们还可以再修。只要人在，我们就一定能够渡过难关，战胜这场重大自然灾害。(2)I do not know whether the bronze statue of Pushkin erected in the corner of Shanghai street would suffer from the destiny of being destroyed and pulled _ again.解析：句意：我不知道上海街头的这尊普希金铜像还
11、会不会再遭到破坏和摧毁的命运。句中pull down 意为“摧毁，推翻”。throughdown Point mass n.(1)C 质量；团；块；大量 a mass of/masses of大量的，许多的(后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词)in a mass大量地，大批地A mass of letters came from all over the country.一大堆信件从全国各地涌来。Sports fans came to the stadium in a mass before game.大批的运动爱好者在赛前就来到了体育馆。(2)群众；团体(pl.)from the masses t
12、o the masses从群众中来，到群众中去The masses have boundless creative power.人民群众有无限的创造力。masses单句改错。(1)Because he left a或 mass of papers when he died，and as they were gradually sold to various collectors across Europe，many must have gone missing.解析：句意：他在去世时留下了大量的手稿，这些手稿被逐步卖给欧洲四处的收藏家，也许其中有相当多的文献不知所踪。a mass of 或 m
13、asses of 用法同 a lot of/lots of。要么用复数，要么在其前加 a。(2)Only by following the masses line and listening to all useful opinions can we make a good job of it.解析：句意：只有走群众路线，集思广益，才能办好这些事。masses 前加 the 特指群众。考点二 短语诠释Point cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋；(使)振奋I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spac
14、eship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.(教材 P31)我立刻高兴起来，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月亮越来越大。Cheer up！Our troubles will soon be over.振作起来！我们的困难很快就会过去。cheer for为加油 cheer sb.on为某人加油 cheer team拉拉队They were behind their opponents but she was still cheering them on.虽然他们落后于
15、对手，但她仍在为他们加油。单句语法填空。(1)We couldnt help _(cheer)up when we learned the news that he had been made captain.解析：句意：当我们听到他被选为队长的消息，我们禁不住欢呼起来。单句改错。(2)They gathered round the swimming pool and cheered her up.oncheeringPoint now that 既然，由于“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”(教
16、材 P31)既然重力改变了，走路也的确需要练一练了。Now that hed come to the door，he thought he might as well go in with the others to have a look.他想，既然来到了门口，不如跟着其他人进去看看。now that 用作连词，与since 同义，其中that 可以省略。Now(that)you have the chance，you had better make full use of it.既然你有机会，你最好充分利用它。单句改错。(1)My daughter and I like to go to
17、the movies;while she used to like them all before，she is much pickier since now that she is four.解析：句意：我和我的女儿都喜欢去电影院看电影；虽然她过去对电影的内容毫不讲究，不过现在却挑剔了许多，因为她已经四岁了。now that 同since。本题的错误是连词重叠使用。(2)Now that you put your hand to the work，and you should do your utmost to finish it.解析：句意：既然你已经着手这项工作了，那就应该尽力完成它。n
18、ow that 起连词作用，相当于since;and 也是连词。一个句子有两个连词而无主语，因此，应去掉and。Point break out 突发；爆发We watched，amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.(教材 P31)我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。A quarrel broke out suddenly at midnight.半夜，他们突然大吵起来。(1)break away from脱离/挣脱break dow
19、n出故障，坏掉；失败；健康等垮掉break in插话；破门而入break into闯入break into tears/laughter突然放声大哭/大笑break up粉碎；解散(2)注意break接名词的用法：break a habit改掉坏习惯break jail/prison越狱break ones heart使某人伤心break ones word/promise违背诺言break the news to sb.委婉地告诉某人不好的新闻break the record破纪录break the rules/the law违反规定/法律break the silence打破沉默She b
20、roke in with a ridiculous objection.她突然插嘴提了个可笑的异议。After being ill，her health broke down.生病之后，她的身体垮掉了。The meeting broke up at 10 oclock in the morning.会议在上午十点散会。单句改错。(1)Cholera has been broken out in several nations in Southern Africa and has been blamed on sewage pollution in Angola.解析：句意：非洲南部的几个国家暴
21、发了霍乱，原因可能是由于安哥拉的下水道污染。break out 是不及物动词短语，不可用被动语态。(2)After breaking down from the guards，the thief ran into the woods and disappeared.解析：句意：脱离警卫后，小偷跑进了树林，消失了。away watch out for密切注意，留意(某人或某物)watch over看守；照顾 keep a close watch on密切注视 on watch值班Point watch out 密切注视；当心；提防Watch out！There is a car coming!小
22、心！有车过来了！Watch out for cars when you cross the road.过马路时要小心车辆。The shepherd watched over his sheep day and night.这个牧羊人日夜照看着他的羊群。The police kept a watch on that house for two weeks.警方监视那家人有两个星期了。He is the man on watch.他就是那个值班的人。单句语法填空。(1)In the process，the judges have been keeping a close watch _ situa
23、tion of the game.解析：句意：在整个比赛过程中，裁判们一直密切地注视着比赛的情况。(2)The shepherd who is watching _ the sheep is a kind old man.解析：句意：照看羊群的牧羊人是一位善良的老人。单句改错。(3)He hid himself behind a big rock，carefully watching out for the enemy.解析：句意：他躲在一块大石头后面，密切监视着敌人的动静。onover考点三 句型归纳Point 倍数表达法But when I tried to step forward，I
24、found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.(教材 P31)而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。点拨：句中 twice as far as 意为“两倍远”。英语中表示两倍的数，一般用 twice；times 表示倍数，一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。倍数表达法的句型：(1)倍数asadj./adv.原级as“是的几倍”This line is three times as long as that one.这根线是那根线的三倍长。(2)倍数adj./
25、adv.比较级than“比(多/大)几倍”This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。(3)倍数the表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词of(表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词of A动词倍数thatof B)“A 是 B 的长度/高度/宽度几倍”The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.(The size of the earth is 49 times that of the moon.)地球的体积是月球的四十九倍。【注意】此结构中常用的名词有：size，height，wei
26、ght，length，width，depth等。much单句改错。(1)As twice the size of Australia，Antarctica is the Earths fifth largest continent and contains 70%of its total water resources.解析：句意：南极洲是地球第五大洲，面积是澳大利亚的两倍，拥有全球淡水资源的 70%。(2)She is a smart woman and good at her job.She is as tough as a man，but is manymore sensitive.(3
27、)In our country now the grain output is six times what of before liberation.thatPoint 1do/does/didv.表示强调2now that引导原因状语从句“Oh dear，”I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”(教材 P31)“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”点拨：(1)Walking does need本句中 does 表示强调，用来强调实义动词，其结构为：do/
28、does/did动词原形。He did feel terrible last night.他昨晚的确不舒服。Do be careful next time.下次一定要小心。(2)now that 既然，引导原因状语从句，相当于 since。在口语中 that 可以省去。Now(that)you have grown up，you should not rely on your parents.既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母了。【注意】就像 although/though 不能与 but 连用，because 不能与 so 连用一样，当now that 引导的从句表示原因时，主句前不能加 s
29、o。now that/because/since/as/for(1)now that说明已经成为事实的原因，常意为“既然”。(2)because语气最强，常用于回答why引起的问句，表示直接的或为人所不知的原因。(3)since表示间接附带的众所周知的原因，意为“既然”，常放在句首。(4)as表示一种明显的、已知的理由，意为“由于”。(5)for是并列连词，表示推断的或附加的理由，是对已发生情况的补充说明，不表直接的原因，语气较弱。单句语法填空。(1)Learning English well _ need a lot of practice just like learning anythi
30、ng else.(2)You may not know this but our children _ enjoy hanging out with us once in a while，especially when we treat them with respect and love.解析：句意：你也许不知道，但是我们的孩子的确喜欢过一段时间和我们出去玩一次，尤其是我们尊重他们，关爱他们的时候。doesdo 单句改错。(3)Now that you are ready，so we can go now.(4)It must have rained last night because the ground is wet.for课末随堂演练课后限时作业制作者：状元桥适用对象：高一学生制作软件：Powerpoint2003、Photoshop cs3运行环境：WindowsXP以上操作系统