中考专题之选词填空知识讲解.docx

1、中考专题之选词填空1. 考点：知识点考纲要求考查题型选词填空1. 掌握单词的词性及词义；2. 熟知词汇的用法短文填空2. 难点： 常见的固定搭配选词填空题是选恰当的词来完成短文。一般来说，给出的词有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等。【锦囊妙解】1. 首先对所给的词汇进行阅读，并对词性作简单的标记；同时对词义作初步的理解。如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-adj.，副词-adv. 等等。2. 通读短文，充分理解短文的含义，注意有无固定搭配关系，凭借语感猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去所给的词汇中寻找匹配的答案。 3. 在选定单词后，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本文的含义，又要

2、保证句式结构的正确。通常考虑以下情况：（1）当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否需把它变成复数或所有格形式，还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词。【例句】Today is _ and we want to go to the beach. (sun)答案：sunny思路分析：sun是名词，意为“太阳”；根据句意“今天天气晴朗，我们想去沙滩。”可知应用其形容词形式sunny，表示“晴朗的”。（2）在遇到动词时，要考虑动词时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化。如：want, tell, decide, would like等后接动词不定式- to do；enjoy, finish, practice等后接

3、现在分词-doing的形式；let, make等后接动词原形-do等。【例句】The girl enjoys _ English in the morning. (read)答案：reading思路分析：read是动词，而enjoy后接动词的-ing形式，故空处填reading。句意为“这女孩喜欢早上读英语”。（3）遇到用形容词和副词填空时，要判定是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有它们之间的相互转换，形容词变名词也需考虑。【例句】John is _ student in his class. (clever)答案：the cleverest思路分析：clever是形容词，在句子中，in his

4、class是一个比较范围，其前应用最高级形式，且形容词的最高级前要加定冠词the，故空处填：the cleverest。（4）填入代词时，需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法。【例句】The children enjoyed _ in the park last weekend. (they) 答案：themselves思路分析：they是人称代词的主格形式，句子中的搭配用enjoy oneself，意为“过得快乐”；故将they改为它的反身代词themselves。（5）填入数词时，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数的表达。【例句】_ of people come

5、to the city to go sightseeing every year. (thousand) 答案：Thousands思路分析：空前没有具体的数字，空后有of，故thousand加s，构成thousands of，意为“成千上万的；数以千计的”。（6）冠词填空时，只需要在a或an之间判别。【例句】This is _ interesting story and we all like it. (a)答案：an 思路分析：句子中interesting的首音素是元音，故其前用an修饰。（7）当遇到介词和连词时，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，直接填入即可。【例句】Dont be ang

6、ry _ the boy. (with)答案：with思路分析：be angry with sb. 意为“生某人的气”，故介词with可直接填入。4. 完成填词后，应通读整个句子或整篇短文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词汇选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。一、从方框中选择恰当的词填入短文中, 使短文通顺正确，每词只用一次, 有些词要用适当形式。Mrs. Wang loved flowers and had a small but beautiful garden. In the summer, her roses were always the best in h

7、er street. One summer afternoon her bell rang, and when she went to the front door, she saw a small boy(1) . He was about seven years old, and was holding a big bunch(束) of(2) roses in his hand. “I am selling roses,” he said. “Do you want(3) ? They are quite(4) . Only one yuan for a big bunch. They

8、are fresh. I(5) them this afternoon. ”“My boy,” Mrs. Wang answered, “I pick roses (6) I want, and dont pay anything for(7) , because I have lots in my(8) . ”“Oh, no, you havent,” said the small boy. “There arent any roses in your gardenbecause they are here in my hand! ”答案：1. outside 结合上文可知句意为“她看见一个

9、小男孩在门外。”2. beautiful 形容词作定语，beautiful roses漂亮的玫瑰。3. any 句意：“你想要些玫瑰花吗？” 4. cheap 由下文“Only one yuan for a big bunch. ”可知。5. picked 顺承上文句意“我今天下午新采摘的”。6. whenever whenever无论何时。句意：我想什么时候摘就什么时候摘。7. them 此处them代指roses，介词for是介词，故其后用人称代词宾格。8. garden 由文章第一句可知。二、用下面方框中单词的适当形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通顺（每词限用一次，有两个多余）。Lo

10、ok at the picture, what do you see? 1 , some people say its an old man, while others say its a young woman and an old 2 . It is a problem with many answers. Why?When you look at a problem from different views, you get different answers. Just turn it in your mind 3 bit, and you may see it in a comple

11、tely new way.Some people only form an idea in their mind “A problem has only one answer, and all the 4 are wrong.”Some even laugh at the different answers others come up with. Well, theyre wrong! If people only believed in one answer, we might still think the world is square(方形的)!Whats one plus one?

12、 Thats easy, two! Right? Well, thats one right answer, but not the only answer. You might think of 11, or some 5 characters like “二” or “十”! Whats a mom plus a dad? You might think of two people, or a man and a woman, or a whole family! So, even the 6 questions can have many answers. Of course, some

13、 problems do only have one answer. If each of the questions in a math test had 7 than one answer, it would be quite a problem for teachers 8.Look at things in different ways, face your life with a 9 mind, and youll see a completely different world.After reading my article, if I ask you again, “What

14、do you see in this picture?”, will you still give the same answer now? Im sure this picture will be 10 to you.答案：1. Amazingly 根据空后“一些人认为是一位老人，另一些人认为是一位年轻女人和”，故 “令人很惊讶”作状语修饰整个句子，用副词amazingly。2. farmer old是形容词，后接名词，且表示人，所给词中的farm意为“农场”，可变化为farmer，意为“农民”。来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K来源:3. a little bit意为“一点”，与a littl

15、e 搭配构成a little bit“一点”。4. others 句意为“一个问题只有一个答案，其他所有的答案都是错误的”，故all the others中的the others指除一个答案外所有剩余的答案，故把other变为others。5. Chinese characters是名词，故其前应用形容词修饰；而“二或十”是汉字，故把China改为Chinese，修饰characters。6. easiest questions是名词，其前用形容词修饰；作者是根据以上两个简单的问题得出的结论：So；故句意为“所以，即使是最简单的问题也可能有许多个答案”；把easy变为最高级easiest。7.

16、 more more than意为“多于；超过”，故把many变为比较级more。8. to check 动词不定式作a problem的定语。check意为“批阅”。9. peaceful mind是名词，用形容词修饰它；peace是名词，可变为peaceful，意为“平静的；宁静的”，符合句意“用不同的方式看事情，以冷静的头脑面对生活，你就会看到一个完全不同的世界”。10. unforgettable be后接形容词，意为“对你来说是的”；作者再次把话题转到那幅画上，并且认为“这幅图画对你来说是难忘的”；forget变为forgettable，再加上前缀un，构成unforgettable，意为“难忘的”。