1、Period SixUnit 8 Adventure Period Six Grammar 课件（北师大版必修 3）.用所给词的适当形式填空1You _(feel)tired.2You _(think)about how far there is to go.3It _(look)great.4The food cooking on the fire _(smell)great and while you _(have)a hot cup of tea，you relax and _(watch)the sun go down.5At dinner，the food _(taste)fanta
2、stic.6If you _(look for)experiences like this，Adventure 2000 is the organisation for you.are feelingare thinkinglookssmellsare havingwatchtastesare looking for语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six.用适当的关系词填空1When he was 17 years old，he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father，_ wanted to do trade w
3、ith the Chinese.2There were inventions and developments in China _ were not available in Europe at that time.3He was also confused by the black stones _ people used to burn for fuel.4The prisoner then wrote the stories in a book called TheDescription of the World，_ became one of the best-selling boo
4、ks in Europe.whowhich(that/which)which语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six5However，Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner _ enjoyed listening to his stories about China.6Just before he died，aged 70，Marco was asked the question，“Was it all true？”，to _ he replied，“I have only told a half of what I
5、 saw！”whowhich语法感知本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six状态动词与动作动词在英语动词当中，有些动词表示动作，我们把它们称为动作动词；有些动词表示状态，我们把这类动词叫作状态动词。第一类动词可用于一般时态和进行时态，而第二类动词一般不用于进行时态。He gets up at six every morning.他每天早晨六点钟起床。(动作)He is getting up now.他现在正在起床。(动作)It seems that you are right.似乎你是对的。(状态)知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six1有些动词既可表示动
6、作，也可表示状态，但在意义上有区别。He has two elder brothers and a younger sister.他有两个哥哥和一个妹妹。(状态)He is having his breakfast.他在吃早饭。(动作)They are holding a meeting.他们在开会。(动作)The barrel holds two gallons.这个桶能装两加仑。(状态)She is holding a large box.她提着一只大箱子。(动作)I still hold that his idea is wrong.我仍然认为他的观点是错的。(状态)知识储备本课栏目开关
7、 语法感知 知识储备 Period SixPeople are lying on the beach.人们躺在海滩上。(动作)The city lies on the coast.这座城市位于海岸边。(状态)知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six常用的表示状态的动词有：mean，seem，concern，hate，dislike，detest(厌恶、憎恨)，surprise，major(主修)，contain，hold，matter，depend，resemble(像、类似)，guess，suppose，imagine，own，deserve(应受、值得)，admire
8、，adore(崇拜、爱慕)，appear，be，believe，consist，desire(期望、希望)，despair，doubt，envy，exist，feel，fit，forget，have，hear，hope，impress(留下印象)，include，involve(包括、使陷于)，keep，know，lack，last，like，love，need，owe(感激、把归功于)，please，possess(拥有)，prefer，prove，realize，recognize，remember，require，satisfy(满足)，seat，see，smell，sound，susp
9、ect(怀疑、猜想)，think，understand，wish。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period SixWhat do you mean？你是什么意思？We hate such people.我们讨厌这样的人。All this surprises me.这一切使我吃惊。She majors in English.她主修英语。The box contains a necklace.盒子里有一条项链。Your age doesnt matter.你的年龄没有关系。It depends on the weather.这要看天气如何。Jim resembles his sist
10、er.吉姆长得像他姐姐。I guess thats the only solution.我想这是唯一的解决办法。We own the house.这是我们的房子。I dont deserve the honor.我不配得到这个荣誉。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six2有一些动词表示一个极为短暂的动作，也可用于一般现在时。I declare this exhibition open.我宣布展览会开幕。Its a lovely place.这是一个招人喜欢的地方。I agree.我同意。The Bible says love of money is the root o
11、f all evil.圣经说爱财是万恶之源。I advise you to withdraw.我劝你退出。I promise you that I will be there.我答应你我会去。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period SixThis，I admit，is my favorite activity.我承认这是我最喜欢的活动。With this letter I enclose a photograph.随信附上一张照片。I flatly refuse to do what you say.我断然拒绝做你说的事。I regret my ignorance on the
12、 subject.对这个问题无知我感到遗憾。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six3有少数表示极为短暂的动作动词，可用于进行时态，表示反复做某个动作或“即将”。He is jumping up and down.他上下地跳着。John is nodding his head.约翰频频点头。Why is she blinking her eyes？她为什么老眨眼睛？The train is arriving.火车即将到达。The old man is dying.老人生命垂危。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six4动词 be 有时用于进行时态，表
13、示一时的表现。Im being serious.我是说正经的。I know Im being selfish.我知道我这样做是自私的。He is being terribly friendly to us.他对我们表现得友好之极。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six题组训练 1完成句子1Roses _(闻起来是香的)2This hall _(可容纳 200 人)3He _(不相信)her honesty.4She _(正在听)the radio.5That dictionary _(属于我)6He _(正在做出愚蠢的行为)is being foolish/behavi
14、ng foolishlysmell sweetcan hold 200 peopledoesnt believe inis listening tobelongs to me知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1限制性定语从句限制性定语从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。The foreigner who/that visited our school is Toms English teacher.参观我们学校的这个外国人是汤姆的英语老师。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six2非限制性
15、定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，起补充附带说明的作用，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。He is American，which I know from his accent.他是美国人，那是我从他的口音上知道的。使用非限制性定语从句需要注意的问题：(1)非限制性定语从句不可用 that 引导，而要用 which，who，whom，whose，when，where 等词引导。(2)在非限制性定语从句中，作宾语的引导词不可省略。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six(3)关系代词 as 引导的非限制性定语从句与 which 引导的
16、非限制性定语从句一般可以互换使用，但 as 从句的位置比较灵活，可放在主句之前、之中或之后，且从句的谓语动词多为 see，say，know，expect 等；which 引导的非限性定语从句只能位于主句之后。当 which 在从句中指代的是先行词本身而不是主句时，不可用 as 代替 which。另外，从句多为肯定句，主句也多为肯定句；否则多用 which 从句。He is honest，as we expected.他是诚实的，正像我们期望的那样。He isnt honest，which we expected.他不诚实，我们已经预料到了。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period
17、 Six3限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别(1)作用不同限制性定语从句用来修饰和说明先行词，具有限制作用；而非限制性定语从句一般跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是对先行词的附和、补充说明，不起限制作用，可以省略，省略后主句的意思仍很完整。His brother who lives in London will go to America next week.他住在伦敦的哥哥下周将去美国。(限制性定语从句，意思是他可能还有别的哥哥。)His brother，who lives in London，will go to America next week.他的哥哥住在伦敦，下周将去美国。(非限
18、制性定语从句，对先行词 his brother 起到补充说明的作用，言外之意是他只有一个哥哥。)知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six(2)形式不同限制性定语从句主句和从句之间没有逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句常用逗号隔开从句和主句。The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.正在和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。The project，which lasted three years，cost$1 billion.这项工程历时三年，耗资十亿美元。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Si
19、x(3)先行词不同限制性定语从句的先行词通常是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的关系词可以指代主句的部分或全部内容。This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。(先行词是 film)The film is very interesting，which makes me very glad.这部电影很有意思，这让我很高兴。(which 指代前面句子的内容)知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six(4)关系词的使用情况有所不同that 不用于引导非限制性定语从句I didnt pass the exam
20、，which disappointed my teacher.我没有通过考试，这让我的老师很失望。关系代词替代情况不同关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 who 代替whom，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 who 来代替。This is the boy whom/who I met at the theatre.这是我在剧院遇到的那个男孩。A young man had a new girlfriend，whom he wanted to impress.一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻的印象。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period S
21、ix关系代词省略情况不同关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可省略。This is a good film(which/that)I saw a few days ago.这是我前几天刚看过的一部好影片。The summer holiday，which were looking forward to，is drawing near.我们盼望的暑假就要来了。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six(5)翻译不同含限制性定语从句的句子先译从句，后译先行词，将从句放在先行词前。含非限制性定语从句的句子一般先译先行词，后译从句，形成两个分句。S
22、he has a brother who works in a hospital.她有一个在医院工作的哥哥。She has a brother，who works in a hospital.她有一个哥哥在医院工作。知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备 Period Six题组训练 2用适当的关系词填空1Maria has written two novels，both of _ have been made into television series.2.A lot of language learning，_ has been discovered，is happening in t
23、he first year of life，so parents should talk much to their children during that period.3Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature，_,for some reason,had withdrawn from all human society.4When deeply absorbed in work，_ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.5It is the third time that she has won the race，_has surprised us all.whichaswhowhichwhich知识储备本课栏目开关 语法感知 知识储备