1、Working the land Unit 2 Section Learning about Language栏目导航 课堂深度拓展课后限时作业课末随堂演练 v.ing 形式作主语和宾语 一、v.ing形式作主语 1.v.ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。Collecting stamps is interesting.集邮很有趣。Learning about a language is easier than using it.学习有关语言的知识比使用语言容易。Being invited to the party was a great hon
2、or to the family.被邀请参加晚会是这家人的荣耀。课堂深度拓展考点 语法细节2.有时为了保持句子平衡，以避免头重脚轻，通常用 it 作形式主语，而把 v.ing形式的动词或动词短语等真正的主语放在句末。It is easy making plans,but it is difficult carrying them out.制订计划很容易，实行它却很难。It is no use crying over spilt milk.不要为打翻的牛奶哭泣。（覆水难收）Its a waste of time arguing about it.争论这事是浪费时间。此类结构常见句型如下：1)在
3、It is+no use(no good,fun,a pleasure,a waste of time etc.)+doing；或 It isuseless(worthwhile,etc.)结构中，常用动名词作真正主语。Its no good talking to him.和他谈话是没有用的。It is useless telephoning him.He is not willing to come.给他打电话没用。他不愿意来。Its worthwhile making an effort.努力一下是值得的。2)在“There is no+v.ing”结构中，表示“说不上，很难说。”常用动名
4、词作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do”，表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在。”There is no saying when it will stop raining.无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。There is no knowing where she has gone.不知道她去了哪儿。3.动名词形式(v.ing)与不定式形式(to do)作主语的区别。1)动名词(v.ing)作主语，通常表示一种抽象的动作概念，即泛指某种行为或动作；不定式(to do)
5、常表示具体的行为。Doing nothing is doing ill.无所事事，必干坏事。To refuse him is not easy this time.这次很难拒绝他。2)不定式(to do)作主语时通常指可能将实现的动作，动名词作主语则表示已完成的动作。To be invited to the palace ball would be exciting.受邀参加皇宫舞会将是令人兴奋的事。Being invited to the palace ball made her very excited.被邀请参加皇宫舞会使得她非常兴奋。二、v.ing 形式作宾语动词的ing 形式既可作及
6、物动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。1.v.ing 形式作及物动词(vt.)的宾语可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用如下口诀记忆：避免错过少延期(avoid,miss,postpone)建议完成多练习(advise,finish,exercise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy,imagine,cant help)承认否定与嫉妒(admit,deny,envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape,risk,excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand,keep,mind)I cant imagine doing that with them.我不能想象和他们在一起做那件事。I suggest doing it i
7、n a different way.我建议用另一种方法做这件事。They didnt mind being treated like guests.他们不在乎被人当作宾客对待。They admitted smoking/having smoked in the hall.他们承认在大厅里抽过烟。I regret saying/having said that.我很后悔自己说了那些话。He couldnt help laughing.他情不自禁地笑了起来。2.v.ing 作介词的宾语v.ing 形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关。常见的几种搭配形式有：1)动词+介词+v.ing 形式Jason
8、 aims at becoming an astronaut.詹森立志要当宇航员。I dream of being the best footballer in the school.我梦想成为全校最好的足球队员。keep doingvs.keep on doingkeep doing 继续或保持做某事。(强调动作的持续性)keep on doing 继续或反复做某事。(强调动作的反复性，可能会有中断)News of success keeps pouring in.捷报频传。We will keep on trying,and if we get anything done,we will
9、notify you.我们将继续努力，有结果就会通知你。2)动词+名词+介词+v.ing 形式Please excuse me for being late.对不起，我迟到了。What prevented you from joining us last night？昨天晚上什么事使你不能和我们在一起？3)名词+介词+v.ing 形式We like his way of teaching English.我们喜欢他教英语的方式。He has little hope of passing the examination.他几乎没有什么希望通过考试。4)形容词+介词+v.ing 形式Im tire
10、d of having the same food every day.天天吃同样的东西使我感到腻烦了。Peter is angry about not being invited to the party.没有被邀请出席聚会，彼得很生气。5)what/how about+v.ing 形式What about going for a walk？去散步好不好？How about playing a game of chess now？现在来下盘棋好吗？6)介词 to+v.ing 形式to 既可以是介词，也可以是不定式符号，在使用中比较容易混淆。若是不定式符号，to后接动词原形；若是介词，to 后
11、需接 v.ing 形式。You must get used to washing your face with cold water.你必须习惯用冷水洗脸。He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。insist ondepend oncarry onset aboutfeel likeexcuseforthankforthink ofhear ofknow ofdream ofbe fond ofbe afraid ofbe tired ofbe sick ofbe proud ofbe asham
12、ed ofbe good atsucceed inspend(in)doingbe interested inbe busy(in)doingbe engaged inpreventfromkeepfromstopfromsavefromdevotetolead toget toget down tocome close tostick tocontribute tolook forward tobe/get used to英语中常跟v.ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：3.有些动词或词组后跟 v.ing 形式或不定式(to do)都可以，但意思不同。1)stop to do/doing sth.
13、停下来去做某事/停止做某事2)mean to do/doing sth.想要做某事/意味着做某事3)try to do/doing sth.努力做某事/试着做某事(看会发生什么)4)remember to do/doing sth.记住要去做某事/记得做了某事5)forget to do/doing sth.忘记要去做某事/忘记做了某事6)regret to do/doing sth.遗憾要去做某事/后悔做了某事4.下列动词可接 v.ing 形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。(sth.)need/want/require/deserve doing=need/want/req
14、uire/deserve to be doneThe bike needs repairing.=The bike needs to be repaired.三、v.ing 形式的否定形式v.ing 形式的否定形式通常是在其前加 not，带有逻辑主语时 not 应放在 v.ing 形式之前。Excuse me for my not coming on time.请原谅我没按时到。Im sorry for not having kept my promise.对不起，我没有兑现我的承诺。四、v.ing 的复合结构1.v.ing 形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格、或普通格加动名词
15、，即“sb./sb.s+doing”构成。动名词的复合结构实际上是给动名词加了一个逻辑主语。2.v.ing 形式的复合结构有四种形式：1)形容词性物主代词+动名词2)名词s+动名词3)代词宾格+动名词4)名词+动名词动名词的复合结构作主语时，两种形式不能使用。无生命名词无论是作主语或宾语都不能用第种形式。Li Mings being late made his teacher very angry.李明的迟到使他的老师非常生气。Do you mind my/me/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？课末随堂演练课后限时作业制作者：状元桥适用对象：高一学生制作软件：Powerpoint2003、Photoshop cs3运行环境：WindowsXP以上操作系统