1、高考英语阅读理解模型题示例NMET2005FJWalk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it is steamy ,warm ,damp and thick .But if you had been around 15,000 years ago, during the last ice age ,would it have been the same ?For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests like the
2、 Amazon might have reacted（反应）to the cold ,dry climates of the ice ages ,but until now ,no one has reached a satisfying answer.Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming . Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 mi
3、llion tonnes of CO2 each year; equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off in the UK each year. But how will the Amazon react to future climate change? If it gets drier ,will it still survive and continue to draw down CO2 ?Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest
4、 will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past.Unfortunately ,getting into the Amazon rainforest and collecting information are very difficult .To study past climate ,scientists need to look at fossilized pollen ,kept in lake muds .Going back to the
5、 last ice age means drilling deep down into lake sediments （沉淀物）,which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery .There are very few roads and paths ,or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes .Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest ,but this still leaves vast ares between
6、the rivers completely unsampled（未取样）.So far ,only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon rainforest reacts to climate change.64The underlined phrase “mopping up” in the second paragraph means .Acleanin
7、g up*Btaking inCwiping outDgiving out 64猜义题该题答案从第2段第2行可知.破解词义应重视该划线部分所在句，以及这个句子的上下句， 或更远的上下文。上下文线索所提示的意义与所考词汇的关系要么为同义关系， 要么为反义关系。65How will the Amazon rainforest react to future climate change?AItll get drier and continue to remove CO2 .BItll remain steamy ,warm ,damp and thick .CItll get warmer and
8、 then colder and drier.*DThere is no exact answer up to present.65细节题 + 推理 指原文提到某事物, 某现象或理论, 题中针对原文具体叙述本身发问. 可使用”定位法”解题, 即根据题干或选项中的线索词回原文,找到相关句,与选项相比较后,确定答案. 第65题: How will the Amazon rainforest react to future climate change? 原文: how rainforests like the Amazon might have reacted to the cold, dry c
9、limates of the ice ages, but until now, no one has reached a satisfying answer. 推理: 依据 reacted to the cold, dry climates of the ice ages, 推导出react to future climate change答案: There is no exact answer up to present. 66Whats the main idea of the last paragraph?AIts important to drill deep down into la
10、ke sediments to collect information.BIts impossible to prove how climate changes in the Amazon rainforest.*CIts hard to collect information for studies of the past climate in the Amazon rainforest.DIts necessary to have specialized equipment and machinery to study the past climate.66. 主旨题考察能否分辨主题与细节
11、, 是否具备提纲挚领的能力. 解题方法有:1. 观察文章或段落的结构i. 一般-具体型 首段做总的说明,其他段落分别说明或具体论述首段的观点. 属于这种结构的文章主题在首段. 同样, 属于这种结构的段落, 主题句则在该段的第一句. 第66题就体现了这个特点. ii. 具体-一般型 前面几段分别说明, 末段总结. 这种结构的文章主题在末段. 2. 根据论述详略确定 通常与主题有关的部分有较详尽的论述,而与主题关系不够密切的部分论述较简略.67The best title for this passage may probably be .AStudies of the AmazonBClimat
12、es of the Amazon*CSecrets of the RainforestsDChanges of the Rainforests67. 主旨题属于具体-一般型 在文章所罗列的三段中, 每段的最后一句都在说明选项C Secrets of the Rainforests认识主题句：主题句表达中心思想，其他句子均围绕它进行说明或议论。它在文章中的位置通常为第一段的首句, 第一段的末句，或全文末句等地方。NMET2005 ZhejiangSupermarkets are trying out new computers that make shopping carts more inte
13、lligent (具备智能的). They will help shoppers find cups or toilet soap, and keep a record of the bill.The touch-screen devices (触摸屏装置) are on show at the Food Marketing Institutes exhibition here this week. These devices are able to create value and get you around the store quicker, said Michael Alexando
14、r, manager of Springboard Retail Networks Inc., which makes a smart cart computer called the Concierge.Canadian stores will test the Concierge in July. A similar device, IBMs shopping buddy, has recently been test-marketed at Stop & Shop stores in Massachusetts.Neither device tells you how many fat
15、grams or calories are in your cart, but they will flash you with items on sale. The idea is to make it easier for people to buy, not to have second thoughts that maybe you should put something back on the shelf.The whole model is driven by advertisers need to get in front of shoppers, said Alexandor
16、. Theyre not watching 30-second TV ads anymore.People can use a home computer to make their shopping lists. Once at the store, a shopper can use a preferred customer card to start a system (系统) that will organize the trip around the store. If youre looking for toothpicks, you type in the word or pic
17、k it from a list, and a map will appear on the screen showing where you are and where you can find them.The devices also keep a record of what you buy. When youre finished, the device figures out your bill. Then you go to the checker or place your card into a self-checkout stand and pay. The new com
18、puterized shopping assistants dont come cheap. The Buddy devices will cost the average store about $160,000, and the Concierge will cost stores about $500 for each device.53. The underlined word “they” (paragraph 1) refers to_.AsupermarketsBshop assistants *Cshopping carts Dshop managers53指代猜词题指代题为猜
19、词题的一种。代词猜词的原则是：就近指代。代词指代在性（阴性或阳性），数（单数或复数），格（主格或宾格），以及位置等方面与之接近的名词。就位置而言，如上所述，代词所指代的名词通常在本句与上句之中。此外，逻辑和意义也是衡量的标准，也就是说，正确的答案应该从逻辑（主要指思想内容）上和意义（主要指语法搭配）上都通顺。第53题 Supermarkets are trying out new computers that make shopping carts more intelligent. 根据就近指代原则，得出代词指代shopping carts。54. Which of the followin
20、g is the correct order of shopping with the computerized shopping carts?a. Start the system. b. Make a shopping list.c. Find the things you want. d. Go to a self-checkout stand.Aabdc *Bbacd Cacbd Dbcad54 排序题属于细节题。 针对原文具体叙述本身发问， 用”定位法”解题, 根据选项回原文,找到相关事实排序后,确定答案. 55. We can learn from the last paragra
21、ph that_.*Aintelligent shopping carts cost a large sum of moneyBthe Concierge is cheaper than the Buddy devicesCshop assistants with computer knowledge are well paid Daverage stores prefer the Concierge to the Buddy devices55 推理题 这类命题考察识别能力。对于答案，要求根据原文表面文字信息一步推出，即对原文中的某一句话，或几句话作出同义的改写或综合，并不涉及复杂的推理或判
22、断。解题应以文字信息为依据，不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推断。 56. What might be the most suitable title for the text?ANew age for supermarketsBConcierge and Shopping Buddy*CNew computers make shopping carts smarter DTouch-screen devices make shopping enjoyable56问标题也为主旨大意题。标题反映文章大意，要求选项的归纳范畴应恰如其分，既不能只提文章中的一个细节，犯理解过窄的错误，也不能将本文以外的内容概括于其中，犯理解过宽的错误。 Hints: 篇幅较长的应用文, 如广告, 可采用逆读法, 先读理解题, 从中把握题干与选项所含重要信息,.然后,从短文中查找相关内容, 快速找到信息点, 以增强解题的针对性。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m