1、2021年全国高等学校统一招生考试仿真模拟（三）英语试卷试卷满分：150分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What sport would the woman like to try?A. Badminton. B. Golf. C. Tennis.2What will the
2、man do this Saturday?A. Take a sailing course. B. Go on a business trip. C. Attend a birthday party.3.What did the man dislike about the film?A. The story. B. The music. C. The picture.4.What are the speakers talking about?A. Who should clean the room.B. When they will clean the room.C. How they sho
3、uld clean the room.5.Why did the man leave Pennsylvania?A. The town was too small.B. He had problems with the language.C. He had to teach Spanish in New Jersey.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，
4、回答第6、7题。6.What relation is the woman to the man?A. His doctor. B. His mother. C. His PE teacher.7.What does the woman advise the man to do?A. Take regular tests. B. Join a health club. C. Get lots of fresh air.听第7段材料，回答第8、9小题。8.How does the woman often get to work?A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus.9.
5、What does the woman think of the mans idea?A. Reasonable. B. Unacceptable. C. Useful.听第8段材料，回答第10至12小题。10. Why do the speakers make an appointment?A. To review their presentation.B. To give a presentation to the class.C. To prepare materials for a class presentation.11.What will the man do before he
6、 meets the woman?A. Print out the paper.B. Get the books from the library.C. Collect information on the Internet.12.When will the speakers meet?A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.听第9段材料，回答第13至16小题。13.Where is the boy now?A. At school. B. At home. C. At a pizza house.14.Why does the woman mak
7、e the phone call?A. To remind the boy of his basketball practice.B. To ask the boy to order some pizzas.C. To leave a message.15. What is the womans new mobile number?A. 85659772 B. 84658722 C. 8465977216.When will the boys father pick him up?A. At 5:30 p.m. B. At 3:30 p.m. C. At 2:00 p.m.听第10段材料，回答
8、第17至20小题。17.What will happen at Sams Disco tonight?A. It will be open longer.B. It will be half price all night.C. It will have a big birthday party there.18.Where will the football match be held?A. In Henrys College. B. In the Sports Center. C. In South Park.19.What will the footballers do after th
9、e match?A. Attend a party. B. Have a picnic. C. Enjoy a concert.20.When will everybody arrive at Thornton Forest?A. At about 12:20 p.m. B. At about 12:30 p.m. C. At about 12:50 p.m.第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AStudents, teachers, and local communi
10、ty members are strongly encouraged to register online to receive real-time information of emergency events from Columbia University.Text message warnings will only be used in rare cases where ongoing events cause an immediate threat or have a significant influence. Possible situations include severe
11、 weather conditions, emergency campus closures, crimes in progress that may endanger the community, and major transportation interruptions.Read instructions on how to sign up for emergency notifications（通知）.Columbia studentsColumbia students can easily register for text message notifications. Simply
12、 enter Student Services Online, click on Text Message Enrollment and add your cellphone number. Students can register parents or family members by following the instructions for the public below.Columbia teachersColumbia teachers can register for text message notifications by following the step by s
13、tep instructions below: Register with your UNI and password at my.columbia.edu. Select Faculty & Staff at the top of the page. Select Contact Details. Click the + under Phone. Select Campus Alert 1. Enter your mobile number.To receive emergency information on additional mobile phones, you may follow
14、 the above instructions for Campus Alert 2 and Campus Alert 3 for a total of three.Community/General PublicCommunity/General Public interested in receiving emergency information from Columbia can sign up by clicking on the Register button on the registration page and entering their email and mobile
15、number. Users will receive confirmation code（密码）on their phone and will need to confirm their account via email.Users can choose not to use the Emergency Text Alert System at any time by texting STOP to 226787, calling 226789 or sending an email to lr27682.cumc.columbia.edu.1. Which is a possible si
16、tuation where a text message will be sent?A. The temperature will drop slightly tomorrowB. The campus will be closed during Christmas.C. The main railway system of the city is interrupted.D. A bank robber is being sentenced in the court of the city.2. Which step comes before the others when teachers
17、 register?A. Selecting Campus Alert.B. Entering mobile numbers.C. Clicking + under Phone.D. Selecting Faculty& Staff.3. How can users stop receiving text messages?A. By sending an email.B. By texting STOP to 226789.C. By managing information online.D. By making a phone call to 226787.【答案】1. C 2. D 3
18、. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是关于注册紧急短信通知的说明。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Possible situations include severe weather conditions, emergency campus closures, crimes in progress that may endanger the community, and major transportation interruptions.（可能的情况包括恶劣的天气条件、校园紧急关闭、可能危及社区的正在进行的犯罪以及严重的交通中断。）”可知，城市的主要铁路系统中断是一种发送紧
19、急短信提醒的情况。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Columbia teachers部分的“Select Faculty & Staff at the top of the page.（选择页面顶部的“教职员工”。）”可知，教师注册时，先选“教职员工”。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Users can choose not to use the Emergency Text Alert System at any time by texting STOP to 226787, calling 226789 or sending an email to lr27682.c
20、umc.columbia.edu.（用户可以通过发短信STOP to 226787、拨打226789或发邮件至lr27682.cumc.columbia.edu，随时选择不使用紧急短信警报系统。）”可知，可以通过发送邮件的方式随时选择不使用紧急短信警报系统。故选A。BIf a president, a philosopher, and one of the best-selling writers credited the same secret for their success, would you try to follow it too? What if the secret was
21、something you already knew how to do? In fact, you probably do it every day. Heres what Friedrich Nietzsche wrote: “It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth.” Thomas Jefferson: “Walking is the best possible exercise.” Charles Dickens: “If I could not walk far and fast, I think I shou
22、ld just explode and die.”Researchers have found quite a lot of connections between walking and producing ideas. A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outside-compared with on a treadmill(跑
23、步机)-produces the most novel and highest-quality ideas.The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. Our creative thinking is triggered(触发) by physical movement which is exactly why walking-with your dog, a friend, or alone - feeds creative thinking.The scenery is almost as important as the sweat.
24、 Breaking your routine with a walk can be a catalyst for fresh understanding of problems or projects. Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your familiar surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through a tree-fi
25、lled neighborhood. You can walk through a park and observe people joking or birds singing. Being inside, youre more likely to be lifeless, which means you dont have enough energy to wonder or create.So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking? Involve
26、 yourself more closely in your surroundings. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, and to notice the way people move and the way the sun reflects in a puddle(小水坑).4. How does the author introduce the topic?A. By providi
27、ng background.B. By borrowing phrases from great minds.C. By giving definition.D. By presenting well-known examples.5. what does the underlined word “catalyst” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Promoter.B. Cure.C. Hope.D. Must.6. What can we learn from the passage?A. Nature exploration improves fitness.B. Walk
28、ing on a treadmill brings more energy.C. Working indoors makes people less creative.D. Familiar surroundings encourage novel ideas.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Exercise in Nature.B. Train Your Brain.C. Develop Your Creativity.D. Walk for Wonder.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说
29、明文。文章介绍了走路对于创造力的的激发与思维的发散所具有的重大意义。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Heres what Friedrich Nietzsche wrote: “It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth.” Thomas Jefferson: “Walking is the best possible exercise.” Charles Dickens: “If I could not walk far and fast, I think I should just explode and die
30、.”(尼采写道：只有从行走中获得的想法才有价值。托马斯：散步是最好的锻炼方式。狄更斯：如果我不能走得又远又快，我想我就会爆炸然后死去)”可推知，作者通过引用名人名言介绍主题。故选B。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据所猜词后面“Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your familiar surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through
31、a tree-filled neighborhood. You can walk through a park and observe people joking or birds singing. Being inside, youre more likely to be lifeless, which means you dont have enough energy to wonder or create.(只要走出去，你就走出了你熟悉的环境和你的舒适区，如果你想打开你的头脑，接受新的可能性，这是必要的。你可以走过一个绿树成荫的街区。你可以走过公园，看到人们开玩笑或鸟儿歌唱。身处其中，你
32、更有可能毫无生气，也就是说你没有足够的精力去探索和创造)”可知，本段介绍了散步带来的好处。由此推知，散步会促进你对新问题的新认识。即所猜词的意思的为“推进、促进”。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Being inside, youre more likely to be lifeless, which means you dont have enough energy to wonder or create.(身处其中，你更有可能毫无生气，也就是说你没有足够的精力去探索和创造)”可知，当你身处室内时，会使你没有精力去探索和创造。即在室内工作会降低人们的创造力。故选C。【7题
33、详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Heres what Friedrich Nietzsche wrote: “It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth.” Thomas Jefferson: “Walking is the best possible exercise.” Charles Dickens: “If I could not walk far and fast, I think I should just explode and die.”(尼采写道：只有从行走中获得的想法才有价值。托马斯：散步是最好的锻炼方式
34、。狄更斯：如果我不能走得又远又快，我想我就会爆炸然后死去)”可知，作者引用了名人的话来说明散步的好处。进而在下文围绕在大自然中散步的好处，散步是你获得对新问题的新认识是推进剂。由此可推断，本文主要讲述了走路对于创造力的激发与思维的发散的好处。即散步可以带来奇迹。所以D项Walk for Wonder(散步寻找奇迹)为最佳标题。故选D。CEvery four or five years, vast quantities of warm water build up along the west coast of South America. This phenomenon, El Nio (厄尔
35、尼诺), creates storms that cause devastating floods. The result is costly. In 2017, for instance, El Nio shut down northern Perus sugar-cane business.Modern farmers view El Nio stoically (坚忍地). They use money saved in good years to rebuild in bad ones. But history suggests it need not be like that. In
36、 a paper published recently, Ari Caramanica, an archaeologist at University of the Pacific, in Lima, shows how it used to be done. And the answer seems to be, “better”.Dr Caramanica and her colleagues have been studying the Pampa de Mocan, a coastal desert plain in northern Peru. Pampa de Mocan is n
37、ot ideal for farming. Its soil contains little organic matter and the annual rainfall in non-Nio years is usually less than two centimetres. Todays farmers therefore depend on canals to carry water from local rivers to their fields.It had been assumed that ancient farmers had a similar arrangement a
38、nd so they did. But Dr Caramanica also found eight canals that could carry water far beyond the range of modern farms. Since the climate was similar to the present days when these canals were dug, and the river no higher, she supposed that they were intended to guide the floodwater arriving during N
39、io years. Around a quarter of the ancient agricultural infrastructure (基础设施) of this area seems to have been built only for managing Nio-generated floodwater.Evidence reveals that Pampa de Mocan produced lots of crops in some years. Dr Caramanicas team also discovered two cisterns (蓄水池) in the area.
40、 These, possibly, were used to store floodwater.These findings suggest that, rather than resisting El Nio, early farmers in Pampa de Mocan were ready to make use of it when it arrived. Precisely how they managed their fields in Nio years remains to be discovered. But modern farmers might do well to
41、learn from them.8. What do we know about El Nio from the text?A. It can be used in farming.B. It is usually caused by floods.C. It has little influence on business.D. It is always resisted as a disaster.9. What made the farms in Pampa de Mocan productive?A. Rich soil.B. Agreeable climate.C. Abundant
42、 rainfall.D. Agricultural constructions.10. Whats the authors attitude to the ancient ways of dealing with El Nio ?A. Approving.B. Indifferent.C. Critical.D. Negative.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Surviving El NioB. Living with El NioC. Farming in Different TimesD.
43、 Learning from History【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。在最近发表的一篇论文中,利马太平洋大学的考古学家Ari Caramanica展示了过去的农民是如何做到利用厄尔尼诺现象来帮助农业生产的。文章介绍了这一研究开展的过程以及发现。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“This phenomenon, El Nio (厄尔尼诺), creates storms that cause devastating floods. (这种现象，厄尔尼诺，制造风暴造成毁灭性的洪水)”可知，B项It is usually cause
44、d by floods.(厄尔尼诺是由洪水造成的)错误;根据文章第一段最后一句“In 2017, for instance, El Nio shut down northern Perus sugar-cane business. (例如，2017年，厄尔尼诺关闭了秘鲁北部的甘蔗业务)”可知，C项It has lttle influence on business. (厄尔尼诺只对商业造成了一点影响)错误；根据文章第六段“These findings suggest that, rather than resisting El Nio, early farmers in Pampa de Mo
45、can were ready to make use of it when it arrived. (这些发现表明，潘帕德莫坎的早期农民并没有抵抗厄尔尼诺现象，而是在它到来时准备利用它)”可知，D项It is always resisted as a disaster. (它总是作为一种灾难而被抵制)不准确，同时证明A. It can be used in farming. (厄尔尼诺可以用于农业)是正确的。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Dr Caramanica and her colleagues have been studying the Pampa de Mocan,
46、a coastal desert plain in northern Peru. Pampa de Mocan is not ideal for farming. Its soil contains little organic matter and the annual rainfall in non-Nio years is usually less than two centimetres. Todays farmers therefore depend on canals to carry water from local rivers to their fields. (卡拉 马尼卡
47、博士和她的同事一直在研究秘鲁北部沿海沙漠平原潘帕德莫坎。潘帕德莫坎不是理想的农业用地。土壤有机质含量低，年降雨量在非厄尔尼诺年通常不到两厘米。因此，今天的农民依靠运河从当地的河流把水输送到他们的农田)”以及第四段“Around a quarter of the ancient agricultural infrastructure (基础设施) of this area seems to have been built only for managing Nio-generated floodwater. (这个地区建立了大约四分之一的古代农业基础设施似乎只为了管理Nino-generated
48、洪水)”可知，农业设施使莫坎潘帕的农场生产更多产。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Around a quarter of the ancient agricultural infrastructure (基础设施) of this area seems to have been built only for managing Nio-generated floodwater.(这个地区的大约四分之一的古代农业基础设施似乎只为了管理Nino-generated洪水建立的)”第五段“Evidence reveals that Pampa de Mocan produced lots
49、 of crops in some years. Dr Caramanicas team also discovered two cisterns (蓄水池) in the area. These, possibly, were used to store floodwater.(证据表明，莫坎农场在几年内生产了很多作物。卡拉曼尼察博士的团队还在该地区发现了两个蓄水池。这些，可能是用来储存洪水的)”可以看出，潘帕德莫坎的早期农民并没有抵抗厄尔尼诺现象，而是在它到来时准备利用它。修建了诸如运河、蓄水池等农业设施，方法的确是有效地。因此推断作者对于古代处理厄尔尼诺的方法是支持的。A. Approv
50、ing赞同的；B. Indifferent冷漠的； C. Critical批判的；D. Negative消极的。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。本文第三、四、五段介绍了古代农民是如何利用厄尔尼诺的，涉及到了与厄尔尼诺共生存这一-方面， 并号召现代农民向他们学习。A. Surviving EI Nino经历厄尔尼诺幸存下来；B. Living with EI Nino与厄尔尼诺共同生存；C. Farming in Different Times不同时期的农业；D. Learning from History从历史中学习。因此推断B项为最佳答案。故选B。DA 293-million-mile j
51、ourney of the NASA Perseverance rover（探测器）to Mars: ended successfully on February 18, 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezero Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rover, nicknamed Percy is the US space agencys biggest and most advanced explorer to date. Its primary mission is to search
52、for signs of ancient microbial（微生物的）life on Mars.Landing on Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planets gravitational pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds, while its thin atmosphere-just 1 percent that of Earths-does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.Th
53、e scientists had to reduce Percys 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph-in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees-any steeper, and the spacecraft would burn up; any flatter, and it would get lost in space. It is no wonder that
54、 the final approach is often referred to as the seven minutes of terror.Upon attaining a manageable speed, Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface to seek out the perfect landing spot. Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database to find the be
55、st location.The NASA scientists will spend the next two months testing Percys scientific instruments. Once ready, the rover will begin to carry out its mission.Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made, but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof, sa
56、id Lori Glaze, director of NASAs Planetary Science Division. While well learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples（样本）carry evidence that
57、Mars once harbored life.12. What is the extraordinary challenge for the rover to land on Mars?A. The speed reduction.B. The atmosphere analysis.C. The location search.D. The time management.13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Ways to find the precise entry angle.B. Consequences of wrong entry de
58、gree.C. Factors to survive the seven minutes.D. Reasons for the necessity of speed reducing.14. What does it refer to in paragraph 4?A. The spot.B. The area.C. The system.D. The surface.15. What can be inferred from Lori Glazes words?A Instruments aboard the rover are not quite reliable.B. Persevera
59、nce is able to collect enough evidence needed.C. Man still has long way to go to prove life was on Mars.D. Samples of Mars will be returned soon to our labs on the earth.【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国航天局“毅力号”火星探测器成功登陆火星。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Red Planets gravitational pull cause
60、s approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds while its thin atmosphere-just 1 percent that of Earths-does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.”（这颗红色行星的引力使接近的宇宙飞船以更快的速度高速飞行，而它稀薄的大气层只有地球大气层的1%在它接近表面时几乎无助于减缓它的速度。）可知，宇宙飞船在火星上着陆时，减缓它的速度是非常重要的。选项A.“The speed reduction.”（减速）与文意
61、一致，故选A。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“The scientists had to reduce Percys 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph-in just six and a half minutes.The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees-any steeper, and the spacecraft would burn up; any flatter, and it would get lost in
62、space. ”（科学家们不得不将毅力号的12000英里每小时的安全着陆速度降低到5英里每小时以下仅仅需要6.5分钟。目标进入角度也必须精确到12度，再陡一点，飞船就会燃烧，再平一点，飞船就会在太空中迷失。）最后一句“It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the seven minutes of terror.”（难怪最后的接近通常被称为”恐怖七分钟”）可以推知，本段主要描述的是影响“恐怖七分钟”的因素。选项C.“Factors to survive the seven minutes.”（7分钟内存活下
63、来的因素。）与文意相符，故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。结合it前的“scanned the area and matched”及之后的“with maps in its database to find the best location”可知，it 此处指代的为“the area”，意为“扫描该地区，并与其数据库中的地图进行匹配来找到最佳着陆点”，选项B符合题意，故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made, but confirming that microbial life once exi
64、sted carries an unusually large burden of proof,”（“毅力号”是有史以来最聪明的机器人，但是要证实微生物曾经存在过却需要大量的证据。）及“While well learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our
65、 samples（样本）carry evidence that Mars once harbored life”（虽然我们可以从火星车上的仪器上学到很多东西，但是这很可能需要地球上装备更好的实验室和精密仪器来告诉我们，我们的样本是否携带火星曾经孕育过生命的证据。）可以推知，要证明火星上是否曾经孕育过生命，我们需要大量的证据、更好的实验室装备和精密仪器。选项C.“Man still has long way to go to prove life was on Mars.”（要证明火星上有生命，人类还有很长的路要走。）与文意相符，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文
66、内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。A dog snoring away the afternoon on the living room floor. Walruses snoozing on a beach. Lions sprawled out on the Serengeti. A hippo dozing on a mudbank. _16_ Why do these mammals seem to be getting so much more sleep than humans? Do they actually need more slee
67、p? Are they just sleeping because they can? Should humans be sleeping more, too? Be prepared for a surprising and fascinating answer to these questions： _17_Though constantly studied, sleep is one of the great mysteries modern science hasnt completely cracked. We really dont know what sleep is for.
68、Dr. David Raizen, an associate professor of neurology said.One idea is that steep in mammals has to do with body size and diet, according to a 2005 study in the journal Nature. _18_ A reason for this may be that the larger an animal is, the more calories it needs, and the more time it needs to spend
69、 eating. _19_ Sleep is complex, hard to measure in wild animals and even harder to interpret. Its important to remember that some differences in observed sleep might not be what they seem. Just because a house cat sleeps for 18 hours a day doesnt mean it needs all that sleep to function, Raizen said
70、._20_ Raizen said the most important thing is for people to listen to their bodies and get as much sleep as they feel they need-which is about eight hours for most folks but might be as few as five and as many as eleven.A. Nobody knows.B. As for human sleep?C. Dr. David will tell the truth.D. Howeve
71、r, the matter is far from settled.E. These sleepy scenes may make people puzzled.F. Many studies of mammalian sleep have been carried out so far.G. Scientists have observed less sleep is related to a larger body.【答案】16. E 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。主要讲述了包括人类在内的哺乳动物的一些睡眠现象，并分析了可能的原因，尽管睡眠经常
72、被研究，但睡眠仍然是现代科学尚未完全破解的最大谜团之一。【16题详解】由前文“A dog snoring away the afternoon on the living room floor. Walruses snoozing on a beach. Lions sprawled out on the Serengeti. A hippo dozing on a mudbank.”可知，描写了四种哺乳动物狗，海象，狮子与河马打盹的景象，E项中的“These sleepy scenes”承接上文，“make people puzzled”呼应下文的“why”。E项“这些睡眠场景可能让人不解”
73、符合语境。故选 E。【17题详解】前文“Be prepared for a surprising and fascinating answer to these questions”(为这些问题令人吃惊和迷人答案做好准备)说明答案是令人吃惊的，结合下段首句“Though constantly studied, sleep is one of the great mysteries modern science hasnt completely cracked.”可知，下文说明了科学家的研究，人类的睡眠是否越多越好并没有明确的答案，A项中的“Nobody knows.（没人知道）”符合语境，承上
74、启下。故选 A。【18题详解】上文“One idea is that steep in mammals has to do with body size and diet”说明，睡眠不足与体型增大有关，下文“A reason for this may be that the larger an animal is, the more calories it needs, and the more time it needs to spend eating. ”说明其中一个原因可能是，动物越大，需要的卡路里阅读，G项中的“less sleep is related to a larger bod
75、y”一致。G项“科学家已经观察到更少的睡眠和更大的体型有关”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】前文讲到“sleep in mammals has to do with body size and diet”（哺乳动物的睡眠与身体大小及饮食有关）下文又说“Sleep is complex，hard to measure in wild animals and even harder to interpret.”（野生动物的睡眠很复杂，难以测量，更难解释），两种观点不一致，D项中的however表示转折关系，因此推断D项“然而，事情远远没有解决”符合语境，引出下文内容。故选 D。【20题详解】前面段
76、落陈述一般哺乳动物的睡眠，下文内容“Raizen said the most important thing is for people to listen to their bodies and get as much sleep as they feel they need”描述了人类的睡眠，因此可知此段转到人类睡眠时间的问题上来。B项“关于人类的睡眠呢？”符合语境。故选 B。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I was ready for bed.
77、 My eyes fell on the musical _21_ on my bedside table. In it was a photo of Dad smiling, and once opened, it would play his _22_ song recorded before his death. It was propped(支，撑)open just enough so the recording wouldnt play.Dad was a _23_ man. He was always singing me his little made-up songs to
78、share joy although he was _24_ off-key, not hitting every note.Dad was a man with big heart. When my house burned down a few years ago, Dad _25_ my family into his home. When we tried to offer some _26_, he said with his characteristic voice, Dont be _27_!With happy _28_, I fell asleep.Beautiful and
79、 marvelous-!Suddenly, was awoken hours later by the _29_ song. The card! I snapped it shut(啪的一声合上).How did that card just start playing? I checked the windows, all tightly shut. But why couldnt I _30_ the feeling that something was wrong?I decided to _31_ downstairs. Opening the door to the laundry
80、room, I was hit with a strong smell of _32_. The heat lamp had fallen, and the carpet was burning.The _33_ wasnt too bad. I let out a shaky breath with _34_. What could have happened? Perhaps another house fire. But we were safe. All thanks to Dads one-of-a-kind _35_.21. A. cardB. recordC. boxD. clo
81、ck22. A. sadB. particularC. strangeD. religious23. A. powerfulB. joyfulC. traditionalD. reliable24. A. hardlyB. intentionallyC. typicallyD. annoyingly25. A. movedB. frightenedC. draggedD. tricked26. A. tipsB. protectionC. rentD. opportunities27. A. carefulB. meanC. sensibleD. ridiculous28. A. ending
82、sB. songsC. wishesD. memories29. A. embarrassingB. familiarC. classicD. beautiful30. A. shakeB. believeC. expressD. tolerate31. A. observeB. checkC. testD. wander32. A. cigarettesB. chemicalsC. smokeD. cooking33. A. influenceB. reflectionC. damageD. change34. A. satisfactionB. regretC. excitementD.
83、relief35. A. voiceB. kindnessC. generosityD. heart【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在看到床头柜前的音乐卡片时，回忆起和父亲生前一起的快乐。随后在作者睡觉时，音乐卡片的播放声音惊醒了作者。接下来当作者下楼检查后，发现灯掉了下来，点燃了地毯。父亲的声音让作者避免了一场火灾。【详解】1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛落在床头柜上的音乐卡片上。A.ca
84、rd卡片；B.record 唱片；C.box 盒子；D.clock钟表。根据下文“The card! ”可知，此处指床头柜上放着卡片。故选A。2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：里面有一张爸爸微笑的照片，一旦打开，就会播放他死前录制的那首特别的歌。A.sad悲伤的；B.particular特别的；独特的；C.strange奇怪的；D.religious宗教的；虔诚的。根据下文“song recorded before his death”可知，此处指他活着的时候录制的他的特有的歌。故选B。3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸是个快乐的人。A.powerful 有力的；强大的；B.joyful快乐的
85、；C.traditional传统的；D.reliable可靠的。根据下文“He was always singing me his little made-up songs to share joy”可知，父亲是一个快乐的人。故选B。4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他总是给我唱他编的歌来分享快乐，虽然他总是跑调，不是每个音都唱准。A.hardly 几乎不；B.intentionally有意地；特意地；C.typically典型地；通常地；D.annoyingly恼人地；烦人地。根据上文“He was always singing me ”下文“not hitting every note”可知，
86、此处指他通常会跑调。故选C。5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前我的房子被烧毁时，爸爸让我们家搬进了他的房子。A.moved 移动；B.frightened 吓唬；C.dragged 拖；D.tricked欺骗。根据上文“ my house burned down”下文“my family into his home”可知，此处指爸爸让我们全家搬进他的家。故选A。6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们试图提供一些租金，他用他特有的声音说：“别傻了！”A.tips建议；B.protection保护；C.rent 租金；D.opportunities机会。根据前文“ Dad 5 my family
87、into his home”，可知此处指我们提供租金给爸爸，故选C。7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.careful仔细的； B.mean 吝啬的；C.sensible 明智的；敏感的；D.ridiculous荒谬的；可笑的。根据上文“Dad 5 my family into his home. we tried to offer some 6, ”可知，爸爸让我们全家搬进她家，我们要给爸爸租金。此处指爸爸认为作者的做法可笑。故选D。8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着美好的回忆，我睡着了。A.endings 结尾；B.songs歌曲；C.wishes祝愿；D.memories回忆；记忆。
88、根据上文作者对爸爸的回忆，此处指回忆着父亲活着时的快乐时候，我睡着了。故选D。9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，几小时后被熟悉的歌声唤醒。A.embarrassing 令人尴尬的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.classic 经典的；古典的；D.beautiful漂亮的。根据上文“it would play his 2 song recorded before his death”下文“How did that card just start playing?”可知此处指父亲唱歌的声音，所以是熟悉的。故选B。10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是为什么我总觉得不对劲呢？A.shake 去除
89、；摆脱；B.believe相信；C.express 表达；D.tolerate忍受。根据下文“that something was wrong”可知此处指我总觉得不对劲，即不能去除那种某事不对劲的情感，故选A。11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定去楼下看看。A.observe观察；B.check 检查；C.test测试；D.wander漫步；徘徊。根据下文“Opening the door ”可知，此处指我决定到楼下检查。故选B。12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：打开洗衣房的门，我被一股浓烟击中。A.cigarettes 香烟；B.chemicals 化学品；C.smoke 烟；D.cooki
90、ng烹饪术；饭菜。根据下文“The heat lamp had fallen, and the carpet was burning.”可知此处指我闻到了一股浓烟的气味。故选C。13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：损伤不算太严重。A.influence影响；B.reflection 反思；C.damage损失；损害；D.change改变。根据上文“The heat lamp had fallen, and the carpet was burning.”下文“wasnt too bad.”可知，此处指损失不大。故选C。14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我松了一口气。A.satisfaction满意；
91、B.regret遗憾；C.excitement激动；D.relief解脱；轻松。根据上文“The 13 wasnt too bad. ”可知此处指我松了一口气。故选D。15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了爸爸独一无二的声音。A.voice声音；B.kindness 善良；C.generosity 慷慨；D.heart心。根据上文“How did that card just start playing?”可知，此处指音乐卡片里的父亲的声音。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。As the countdo
92、wn to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continues, the new high-speed railway line_36_ (connect) the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou has just entered service. It cuts the travel time between the two from three hours_37_ 47 minutes. But this isnt just another bullet train. This beauty, part
93、 of Chinas Fuxing series, can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, _38_ (say) to be the worlds first smart high-speed railway.So what makes them “smart”? Well, the carriages_39_ (equip) with 5G signals, intelligent lighting and sensors to collect real-time data and detect any operatio
94、nal abnormalities. Meanwhile, each individual seat has_40_ (it) own touch-screen control panel and wireless charging docks. Though the high-speed trains on the route are autonomous, _41_ monitoring driver will be on board at all times. The trains can_42_ (automatic) start, stop and adjust to the dif
95、ferent speed_43_ (limit) between stations. Back at the station, robots and facial recognition technologies can help passengers with directions, luggage and paperless check-ins.Today, China is home to the worlds largest high-speed rail network, and the_44_ (fast) commercially operating train the Shan
96、ghai maglev. According to the China State Railway Group, 1,036 Fuxing bullet trains have been put into operation since 2017, _45_ the series first launched.【答案】36. connecting 37. to 38. said 39. are equipped 40. its 41. a 42. automatically 43. limits 44. fastest 45. when【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。随着北京冬运会进入倒计时，连
97、接首都和冬运会主办城市张家口的新型高速铁路线已经进入服务运行。另外介绍了新型列车上的先进设备。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着2022年北京冬奥会进入倒计时，连接首都和冬运会主办城市张家口的新型高速铁路线已经进入服务运行。句子有谓语动词是has entered，connect和谓语之间无连词，故判断此空为非谓语动词形式作定语。railway line“铁路线”与connect“连接”是主动关系，用现在分词，故填connecting。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：它缩减了旅行时间，从2至3个小时缩短至47分钟。介词短语: fromto“从.到”固定短语，故填to。【38题详解】考查非谓语
98、动词。句意：这条美丽的中国复兴系列列车在无人驾驶的情况下时速可达350公里，据说是世界上第一条智能高铁。句子有谓语can run，动词say和谓语之间无连词，判断此空为非谓语动词，主语This beauty, part of Chinas Fuxing series与say之间是被动关系，用过去分词作主语补足语。故填said。【39题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：车厢配备了5G信号，智能灯和感应器来收集实时数据，侦测任何操作中的不正常。equip是谓语动词，主语carriages和equip是 被动关系,即： be equipped with,“配备”，根据上句中的makes以及句意，可知为一
99、般现在时， 构成一般现在时的被动语态: am/is/are+done，主语carriages是名词复数，be动词用are。故填are equipped 。【40题详解】考查代词。句意：每个单独的座位有它自己的触屏控制面板。此空修饰名词panel，表示“它自己的触屏控制面板”，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词。故填its。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：尽管高速列车在线路上运行是自动的，全程也会有一名监控司机在车上。driver,司机，单数名词;表示“一个，一名”用不定冠词，monitoring的发音以 辅音音素开头，故填a。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：列车能自动启动，停止，调整适应车站之间的不
100、同速度限制。此空修饰动词start, stop, and adjust，副词修饰动词，automatic是形容词，自动的，用其副词形式，automatically自动地。故填automatically。【43题详解】考查名词。句意同上。此空前有形容词different，不同的，判断此空为名词复数。limit作名词表示“具体的限制”时是可数名词，故填limits。【44题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：如今，中国是世界上最大的高铁网络和最快的商业控制火车上海磁悬浮列车的发源地。前有定冠词the结合句意，表示“最快的”，用最高级。 fast的最高级为fastest。故填fastest。【45题详解】
101、考查定语从句。句意：根据中国国家铁路部，自2017年该系列首次推出以来，已有1036列复兴号动车投入运营。此处考查定语从句，先行词为2017,在定语从句中作时间状语，故用表示时间的关系副词when。故填when。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom来信询问你的近况。请根据以下提示给他回复一封邮件：1. 4月30日参加了高三成人典礼，并代表高三学生发言；2. 个人的感受以及对高中剩下的日子的规划。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Tom,I am more than de
102、lighted to hear from you. Everything has been going well with me so far.I attended the coming-of -age ceremony designed for Senior Three students in our school on 30th April. At the ceremony, I gave a speech on behalf of all the Senior Three students, expressing our thanks to all the teachers for th
103、eir hard work and help. I also promised that all my schoolmates and I would make every effort to achieve our dreams.As you know, in China, the students have to take college entrance examinations, and so will I. But I will take the challenge bravely, making full use of the left time before 6th June t
104、o improve my study, and meanwhile, trying to keep in a good state physically.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本片是一篇应用文，向好友Tom介绍高三成人典礼以及对于高三剩下的日子的规划。【详解】1.词汇积累参加：attendparticipate in表达：expressconvey利用：make use oftake advantage of提高：improveenhance2.句式拓展同义句改写原句：I attended the coming-of -age ceremony des
105、igned for Senior Three students in our school on 30th April.拓展句：It was on 30th April that I attended the coming-of -age ceremony designed for Senior Three students in our school. 高分句型1 At the ceremony, I gave a speech on behalf of all the Senior Three students, expressing our thanks to all the teach
106、ers for their hard work and help. (运用了现在分词作状语)高分句型2 I also promised that all my schoolmates and I would make every effort to achieve our dreams. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)第二节 读后续写（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。The Make-up GuyDave was a make-up (化妆) artist who regularly held makeu
107、p artistry classes at the local community college. He was well known as an excellent trainer and enjoyed great popularity.Usually, the majority of his students were middle-aged housewives, who wanted to fine-tune their make-up skills so as to make themselves more attractive. But this time, it was be
108、yond him that his class was attended by a man as well.The new student was a gentleman in his best years with a seemingly boundless interest in make-up artistry. He was keen to learn as much as he possibly could and asked questions whenever and wherever possible. He was so absorbed in learning that h
109、e wouldnt stop until he was satisfied with the result of his work.Understandably, the man was the number one subject of conversation when the other women were alone.Speculations (猜测) quickly started to spread. Why did he learn make-up? Was he to seek for a woman to be his life partner? How about my
110、neighbors youngest daughter? Why on earth would he attend such a woman class? Who could it be?Doubts like this came crowding in.The community college was placed in a remote rural area, which was why the other participants were quite doubtful of the mans intentions.Throughout the lessons, ignoring th
111、e curious women around him, the man carefully listened and wrote everything down he learned, leaving the women more and more curious and puzzled.When the day and class were slowly coming to an end, the gossiping women simply could not hide their curiosity any longer, for they knew it was time to rem
112、ove their doubts, otherwise Finally, one of them couldnt resist her curiosity, so she picked up the courage and asked him why he was so interested in make-up artistry.What followed was a dead silence. After what seemed a century, he slowly opened his mouth and here came the most inspiring beautiful
113、reply.Paragraph 1:He said his beloved wife partially lost her eyesight because of diabetes (糖尿病) and she was no longer able to apply her make-up. _Paragraph 2:So he decided to take the course to surprise his wife. _【答案】He said his beloved wife partially lost her eyesight because of diabetes and she
114、was no longer able to apply her make-up. Fearing being laughed at, she locked herself in her room, abandoning herself to great grief. She was absolutely beautiful even without make-up. But what upset her was that she simply felt not comfortable leaving the home without make-up. Sensing her lonelines
115、s in a colorless-world, I was also at a loss as to what to do. Once informed of this class, I determined to learn make-up without hesitation, hoping to make a difference.So he decided to take the course to surprise her. Without a pause, he shared his story. He mastered a wide range of practical skil
116、ls, allowing him to help her take on a new look. Surely, being enveloped by an atmosphere of love, his beloved wife at present was deeply affected. “I not only want to learn how to apply her make-up, I want her to wear the most beautiful make-up so her inner beauty also shines on the outside.” he an
117、nounced, “It is her smile that touches most my heart, not the make-up.”【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。要求考生根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，正常化妆课的授课对象都是女性，但一天一位男士来上化妆课，而且听课十分认真，这引起在座其他同学（主要是家庭主妇们）的好奇和各种猜疑。在课程结束时，终于有人问出了他们的疑惑他为什么来上化妆课？续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：他的爱妻因为糖尿病，视力受损，不能在自己涂化妆品，所以应该写他妻子的一些情况，不能化妆对他妻子的一些
118、影响，以及他对于爱妻痛苦的回应。第二段开头是：所以他决定来上这个课，给妻子一个惊喜。本段应该写他利用所学内容如何帮助了妻子，以及妻子的一些转变。最后不忘初心，总结一下自己上化妆课的原因和目的。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：abandon oneself to，at a loss，without hesitation等高级词汇；主语从句和表语从句what upset her was that she simply felt not comfortable leaving the home without make-up.非谓语动词Fearing being laughed at,和allowing him to help her take on a new look强调句It is her smile that touches most my heart, not the make-up.