1、河北省承德市第一中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期第三次周测试题本试卷满分100分，时间45分钟 I阅读理解(每题2.5分，总分27.5分)AWhales，like dolphins，belong to a group of mammals called “cetaceans”This name comes from a Latin word meaning “large sea animals”There are at least seventy-five kinds of cetaceans. Scientists divide the various kinds into two
2、major groupsbaleen whales，which do not have teeth，and toothed whales，which have teeth. Whales have the same basic shape as fish，but they differ from fish in many ways. The most noticeable difference is the tail. Fish have vertical tail fins(鳍)，but whales have horizontal tail fins. Fish breathe by me
3、ans of gills(鳃)，while whales have lungs and must come to the surface to breathe. But they can hold their breath for long periods.Like other mammals，whales give birth to live young and feed them with milk produced by the mothers body. Most fish，however，lay eggs and do not feed their young. Whales are
4、 also warm-bloodedthat is，their body temperature remains about the same all the time. Almost all fish are cold-blooded. Their body temperature changes with changes in the temperature of the water.Whales have a highly developed brain and they are highly advanced life forms. They sing to their young，e
5、ngage in complex family relationships，and their communication skills are fine.In December 2005，a whale，after being rescued from fishing nets，didnt just swim back to deep water. It hung around and touched each of the divers with its mouth. “Knowing that it was free，it stopped about a foot away from m
6、e，pushed me around a little bit and had some fun，” said dive master James Moskito.He thought it was “one of the most fantastic moments” of his life.1According to Paragraph 1，which of the following shows the correct relationship?AMammals are a type of cetacean. BCetaceans are not a type of mammal.CWh
7、ales belong to the cetacean family. DMammals are a type of whale.2Which of the following is NOT a difference between whales and fish?AWhales breathe by means of lungs.BWhales have tail fins.CWhales feed their young with milk.DA whales body temperature nearly doesnt change.3Why didnt the whale swim b
8、ack to the sea after it was saved?AIt lost its way in the sea. BIt was seriously wounded.CIt was frightened by the divers. DIt wanted to thank the divers.BSome years ago，Michel Andre found himself staring at the body of a dead whale on a beach in the Canary Islands. It was obvious that the animal ha
9、d been struck violently by a shipbut why? Only later，after surveying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase of sound pollution from ships did it become clear that there was a link.The whales had become desensitised to the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by the
10、m，often seriously. “We never thought that this could be something that could kill，” recalls Andre，who is the director of the Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics at the Technical University of Catalonia，Barcelona.Andre has spent 20 years developing an advanced system to better understand why incidents
11、 like this happen. His underwater microphones have exposed a world of deafening sound and animal communication never observed with such clarity(清晰) before.It was not an easy task. Sound waves dont travel through water in the uniform，predictable way they do through the air. Instead，the temperature，sa
12、linity(盐度) and，flow of water have great effects on their path.What can be done? One solution is to change shipping routes to courses where ships are statistically less likely to meet animals. Its also possible to slow ships down to 18km/h or less，which is less likely to seriously injure a whale.As f
13、or dealing with the root cause of the problem，the UNs International Maritime Organisation has already published guidelines on how to quieten ships，but it will be a while before the effects of such changes might be observed.“The ocean is not our world，” comments Andre. But it is ours to look after. A
14、nd thanks to his work，we can better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.4What does the underlined word “desensitised” in Paragraph 2 mean?AStubborn. BFlexible. CDull. DFriendly.5Whats one way to solve the problem according to the text?ATo lower the speed of ships.BTo reduce the number o
15、f ships.CTo set up preserves under the sea.DTo give the injured animals timely treatment.6What is the authors attitude towards what Michel Andre has done?ADoubtful. BDisapproving. CPositive. DUncaring.7What is the text mainly about?AA great expert. BNoise in the sea.CAnimals in the sea. DSea explora
16、tion technology. CCalifornia has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素).The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests,
17、 the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 7
18、5 percent.Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with b
19、ig trees for resources(资源).But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.The loss o
20、f big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperatu
21、re, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during
22、 the dry season.8. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.B. The increasing variety of California big trees.C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.9. Which of the following is
23、well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?A. Ecological studies of forests.B. Banning woodcutting.C. Limiting housing development.D. Fire control measures.10. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre?A. Inadequate snowmelt.B. A longer dry season.C. A warmer climate.D. Da
24、mpness of the air.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Californias Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonC. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?D. Patrick Mclntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California.七选五（共5小
25、题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A new report says plastic is responsible for the damage to the oceans and the undersea environment. The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference. 12 Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other wa
26、terways. 13 After a while，it collects in the sea. And plastic never goes away. Plastic is not biodegradabledestroyed by bacteria or natural processes. Instead，it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time. The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants.(污染物) 14 That means harmful mater
27、ial may get into our food supply. 15 Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it. They can use fewer single use containers and throw plastic away correctly. Plastic recycling programmers also work where old bottles and other plastic are collected，broken down and used to make new
28、products.The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastic. 16 And it calls for information about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use.By putting a new value on plastic，industry has a special reason to clean up the environment. But all of the companies must join to
29、 deal with the problem.AThen，fish may eat the plastic.BIt asks them to better measure and direct plastic use.CThe plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters.DThe report talks about the harm to sea life and what can be done to improve the situation.EPlastic should be gathered together
30、and reused.FBut people can make a big difference.GIt is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life.III.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）I settled into my seat on a plane bound for Cuba feeling annoyed. When I planned the trip， I had 17 that my Cuban partners and I would hit the ground， heading to the f
31、ield straight away to collect samples（ 样 本 ） . That s how I d done fieldwork in other places. But 18 in Cuba， it seemed. Five days earlier， a Cuban scientist informed me that we d only be meeting to 19 our planned project. Sampling would happen during a later trip. That left me feeling 20 . Why did
32、I need to travel there to have a meeting？ But I had something to 21 in Cuba.At the airport， one of my Cuban partners greeted me with a （ an） 22 smile， a strong handshake and a warm hug. Then we drove to the research center. We 23 every lab in the building. I met scientists， secretaries， students， an
33、d the cook. I was 24 to each person in their center.The next day， we met again to brainstorm. Had it not been for the Cubans， I wouldn t have been 25 that the maps I had were outdated and wrong. It was a big problem and our results would have been 26 . Local involvement（ 参 与 ） and knowledge were 27
34、making me wonder what I d missed working without such a 28 in Africa， South America， and the Arctic.Six months later， I flew back to Cuba and this time we headed directly into the 29 . We drove around Cuba in bright yellow vans （厢式货车） ， and we made sure that each van had a 30 of Cubans and Americans
35、 at all age and position levels. In the field students， scientists and technicians all 31 together. At night， we searched for a restaurant that could seat all 14 of us at one 32 because that s what teams do， they sit together.In 26 years as a professor， I ve always tried my best to treat my students
36、 as 33 partners. But my Cuban partners take teamwork to another 34 entirely. They make it clear through actions both big and small that all team members were treated 35 and that true teamwork 36 better science.17AconfirmedBsuspectedCpromisedDassumed18AstillBalsoCnotDthen19Agive upBtalk aboutCtake ov
37、erDcarry out20AimpatientBunfriendlyCoptimisticDcomfortable21AofferBlearnCcomplainDrisk22AsympatheticBtightCbroadDartificial23AtouredBcheckedCdesignedDequipped24AcomparedBtaughtCinvitedDintroduced25AenviousBawareCcontentDignorant26AaffectedBimprovedCreachedDavoided27AslightBdirectCkeyDpublic28AmapBpr
38、oblemCpersonDteam29AlabBcityCfieldDcentre30AmixBlackCprivilegeDmention31AcriedBsweatedCpanickedDtrembled32AtimeBseatCendDtable33AvaluedBpromotedCchallengedDemployed34AchanceBapplicationCprojectDlevel35AgentlyBequallyCseriouslyDroughly36Abegs for Brelies on Cmakes for Dfeeds onIV.单项填空(每题2分，总分20分)37.
39、The traditional approach _with complex problem is to break them down into smaller , more easily managed problems.A.to dealing B. in dealing C. dealing D. to deal 38. The owner of the shop asked the assistant to _the pears that can be thrown away. A. work out B. make out C. sort out D. figure out39.
40、The grandparents _when she saw the gold medal their grandson had got at the Olympic Games. A. couldnt help to smile B. couldnt help smiling C. couldnt help but smiled D. could not help but smile40. I dont really work here; I _until the new secretary arrives. A. just help out B. have just helped out
41、C. am just helping out D. will just help out41. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _the cloth _well. A. have told ; washes B. have been told ; washes C. was told ; washed D. have been told ; is washed42. - Jack, what do you think of the event which not only promoted _of world hunger, but rai
42、sed a lot of money to help those poor children. A. contribution B. direction C. awareness D. loneliness43. I was not _her presence till she spoke to me. A. realized B. aware about C. aware of D. recognize44.Earth is believed _by an object the size of Mars at some point in the distant past before its
43、 surface cooled. A. to be hit B. to have hit C. to have been hit D. to hit45. This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months, but it will disappear _. A. in no time B. at no time C. at one time D. at a time46. Michaels new house is like a huge palace, _with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. comparedVI 默写（总分10分）注意：不用默写全文，开头已给出，从First, 开始写即可。However, they also cause danger to sea animals. First,_ _ _高二周测3答案I.阅读（每题2.5，总分27.5）CBD CACB ADCA DCAFBDCBAB CADBA CDCAB DADBCACBCB CCCADVI.默写（总分10分）