1、2014高考英语全程复习方略素质与能力提升演练：牛津译林必修5U2（答案）必修5 Unit 2 . 单词拼写1. The writer of the book is an investment_ (顾问). 2. Their prices are high because_ (生产) costs are very great. 3. The failure of the operation has shaken my _ (信心，相信) in the doctor. 4. The boy is a _ (增光的人) to his parents. 5. It was a bad year fo
2、r new films, in terms of both_ (数量) and quality. 6. The hours of the two examinations _ (冲突). 7. In some Asian countries, such as Thailand, poker is_ (非法的). 8. I sent her a present to show my_ (感谢) for her help. 9. She has her hair done in a _ (特别的) style. 10. Development experts have debated on thi
3、s question for _ (几十年). . 单项填空1. 2012泉州模拟The 2010 World Expo in Shanghai is more like a platform for cultural exchange, _ people into closer contact with the rest of the world. A. having bringingB. to bringC. broughtD. bringing2. We still have a long way to go to solve all the problems _ the Yangtze
4、 River. A. in terms ofB. in spite ofC. in regard toD. in response to3. 2012庆阳模拟In front of our house _where we used to swim. A. a river liesB. does a river lieC. does lie a riverD. lies a river4. It is dishonest of you to take _ for work that was done by others. A. accountB. creditC. beliefD. measur
5、es5. Whats your_ of Frank as a boss? Honest. A. impressionB. influenceC. respectD. attitude6. I can make an evening dress _ your measure. A. toB. byC. atD. with7. Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree? No, its out of _. A. rangeB. reachC. controlD. distance8. 2012衡水模拟I really appreciate_ to
6、 help me with my maths, but Im afraid that I have no time this week. A. you to offerB. it you offerC. your offeringD. this you are offering9. You didnt lock the back door. You are wrong. I _. A. have locked itB. lock it myselfC. did lock itD. do lock it10. 2012三明模拟Honesty is priceless. Stars, _ , ne
7、ed to take honesty seriously. A. in shortB. in returnC. in particularD. in reward11. Youd better fly somewhere in the west. Then you can _ a hire car and travel around. A. take upB. get onC. pick upD. turn on12. The recent information has been put forward _ more high school graduates will be admitte
8、d into universities. A. asB. whichC. whileD. that13. 2012衡阳模拟We didnt find the Blacks _ the lecture. No one had told them about _ a lecture the following day. A. attend; there to be B. attending; there being C. attended; there be D. attending; there was14. _ is no doubt that the Dallas Mavericks wil
9、l defeat the Washington Wizards in the next game. A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. There15. As has been reported, more measures _ to make the falling economies recover as soon as possible. A. have takenB. are takingC. will takeD. will be taken. 阅读理解2012长沙模拟As is known, healthy foods can help save your lifeNow, h
10、ere is a list of healthy foods that can save your memoryIt is best that every person knows what he eats, as he takes in, can make or break himself, in terms of healthFish is helpful in regaining back the kind of memory that a person once hasEating fish can help you save the trouble of forgetfulnessV
11、egetables rich in fiber and other dark and green leafy kinds are very suitable for people who want to avoid mental blocksThese foods contain high units of Vitamin EAnother food that is considered having different effects on preventing this brain deficiency(缺陷) is avocado (鳄梨), which is also rich in
12、Vitamins E and CIt is really good to know these healthy foods that can save your memory are always at hand so as to help you in your fight against diseasesSunflower seeds are regarded as Vitamin C-powered seeds and also give you enough energyAs for red wine, do not over consume it, as it is said to
13、have to be taken in moderate amounts in order to help the bodyOver-drinking can cause illness and like anything elseThis is considered as one of the healthy foods that can save your memory; alcohol can otherwise lose itIt is better to consume colored bread, rice and whole grains for you to get the b
14、est out of fiberThese foods can lower the bodys risk of being infected with Alzheimers diseaseKnowing the healthy foods that can save your memory is living the life that you have longed and desiredAmong the others, the best, of course, is exerciseTaking part in different kinds of exercises, physical
15、 activities or sports can keep both your body and mind healthy. 1If you suffer from loss of memory, you_ Ashould eat cucumbers and cabbagesBhad better take in fish in your mealsCcan drink as much wine as possibleDmay as well take more Vitamin C2Which of the following is the most important for health
16、? ADrinking a proper amount of red wine every dayBEating bread made of whole grainsCAdding Vitamin C-powered seeds to mealsDTaking moderate exercise every day3To discourage mental disease from happening, _Apeople are advised to take avocados Bit is best to eat vegetables high in fiberCit is better t
17、o have more sunflower seedsDred wine is the first and best choice4Which of the following is most suitable for the passage? (=Para1 =Para2 =Para3 =Para4=Para5 =Para6). 任务型阅读2012南京模拟请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。If your family is like many in the United States, unloading the we
18、eks groceries includes hauling a case or two of bottled water into your home. On your way to a soccer game or activity, its easy to grab a cold one right out of the fridge, right?But all those plastic bottles use a lot of fossil fuels and pollute the environment. In fact, Americans buy more bottled
19、water than any other nation in the world, adding 29 billion water bottles a year to the problem. In order to make all these bottles, manufacturers use 17 million barrels of crude oil. Thats enough oil to keep a million cars going for twelve months. Imagine a water bottle filled a quarter of the way
20、up with oil. Thats about how much oil was needed to produce the bottle. So why dont more people drink water straight from the kitchen faucet? Some people drink bottled water because they think it is better for them than water out of the tap, but thats not true. In the United States, local government
21、s make sure water from the faucet is safe. There is also growing concern that chemicals in the bottles themselves may leach into the water. People love the convenience of bottled water. But maybe if they realized the problems it causes, they would try drinking from a glass at home or carrying water
22、in a refillable steel container instead of plastic bottle. Plastic bottle recycling can helpinstead of going out with the trash, plastic bottles can be turned into items like carpeting or cozy fleece clothing. Unfortunately, for every six water bottles we use, only one makes it to the recycling bin.
23、 The rest are sent to landfills. Or, even worse, they end up as trash on the land and in rivers, lakes, and the ocean. Plastic bottles take many hundreds of years to disintegrate. Water is good for you, so keep drinking it. But think about how often you use water bottles, and see if you can make a c
24、hange. Betty McLaughlin, who runs an organization called the Container Recycling Institute, says we should try using fewer bottles: “If you take one to school in your lunch, dont throw it awaybring it home and refill it from the tap for the next day. Keep track of how many times you refill a bottle
25、before you recycle it. ”And yes, you can make a difference. Remember this: Recycling one plastic bottle can save enough energy to power a 60-watt light bulb for six hours. TitleDrinking Water: Bottled or From the Tap?(1)_ situationAmericans consume (2) _ bottled water in the world.(3) _ for peoples
26、preference for bottled waterBottled water is of higher(4) _. Its more (5) _ for people to drink bottled water.Problems withbottled waterThe (6) _ of plastic bottles uses lots of fossil fuels.Water bottles we use cause serious (7) _.(8) _ thepassage offersUse bottles (9) _ of glass or steel.Use a ref
27、illable plastic bottle as many times as (10) _ before recycling.答案解析. 1. consultant 2. production 3. belief 4. credit 5. quantity 6. conflict 7. illegal 8. appreciation 9. particular 10. decades. 1.【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意：2010上海世博会更像一个文化交流的平台，使人们更密切地接触到世界的其他文化。bringing people into closer contact with the
28、rest of the world是现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果。2.【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。句意：要解决有关长江的所有问题，我们还有很长的一段路要走。in terms of依据，按照；在方面；in spite of尽管；不管，不顾；in regard to至于，关于；in response to作为的回应。根据句意可知答案选C。3.【解析】选D。考查倒装结构。句意：我们的房子前面有一条河，我们过去常常在河里游泳。表方位的介词短语放在句首，句子用完全倒装。where we used to swim是river的定语从句，where在从句中作地点状语。4.【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句
29、意：你把别人所做的工作归功于自己是不诚实的。sb. take(s) credit for sth. 把某事归功于某人。5.【解析】选A。句意：作为老板，你对Frank的印象如何？很诚实。impression印象；influence影响；respect尊敬，尊重；attitude态度，表示“对的态度”时常接to/ towards。根据句意可知答案选A。6.【解析】选A。考查介词的固定搭配。句意：我可以照你的身材给你做件晚礼服。make. . . to ones measure按照某人的尺寸做。7.【解析】选A。句意：你能射下树顶上的那只鸟吗？不能，超出射程了。out of reach (手)够不
30、着；out of control失控；out of distance超出距离，都不符合语境。out of range在射程外，超出范围。8.【解析】选C。考查appreciate的用法。句意：我真的很感激你主动提出帮我学数学，但是恐怕这周我没时间。appreciate“感激”，后跟v. -ing作宾语，故答案选C。【变式备选】You cant _ English poetry unless you understand its rhythm. A. applyB. appreciateC. appointD. approach【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意：你若不懂英文诗的韵律，就无法欣赏英
31、文诗。apply申请；涂，敷；应用；appreciate欣赏，赞赏；appoint任命；指定；approach接近；着手处理。根据句意选B。9.【解析】选C。答句句意为：你错了，我确实锁上后门了。助动词do用来强调谓语，再结合时态可知答案选C。【变式备选】Did he say he would attend the meeting? Yes, he_ to attend it on time. A. saidB. did permitC. did promiseD. spoke【解析】选C。promise to do意为“答应做某事”，did强调谓语动词promise。10.【解析】选C。考查
32、介词短语辨析。句意为：诚实是无价的。明星们尤其要认真对待诚实。in particular尤其，符合题意。in short总之；简言之；in return作为回报；in reward作为回报；均与题意不符。【变式备选】Dont be too_ about what you eat and wear; pay more attention to your study and work. A. curiousB. crazyC. sure D. particular 【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意：不要太讲究吃穿，应该多注意学习和工作。be particular about对挑剔的，讲究的，符合
33、句意。be curious about对好奇的；be crazy about对着迷的； be sure about对有把握，确信。11.【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。take up开始学，从事，占据； get on 上车，相处, 进展； 表示上车时多指公交车，上小汽车用get into。pick up拾起，学会，收听到，搭车；turn on打开。根据句子意思，应选择pick up，搭乘。12.【解析】选D。考查同位语从句。根据句子意思可知，空格后的从句是说明句子的主语the recent information 的内容，故该句是同位语从句，应选that, 且不可省略。答案为D。13.【解析】
34、选B。考查非谓语动词。句意：我们没有发现布莱克夫妇来听讲座。没人告诉他们第二天有讲座。在“find+宾语+宾补”结构中，the Blacks与attend之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动；about是介词，后面要用v. -ing形式，故答案选B。14.【解析】选D。There is no doubt that. . . 是固定句型，意为“毫无疑问”。【知识拓展】doubt后接从句的用法小结(1)doubt作动词后接宾语从句在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句。例如：I dont doubt that he can finish the task on time.
35、我相信他能按时完成任务。Do you doubt that she will succeed? 你怀疑她会成功吗？在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。例如：I doubt whether they can swim across the river. 我怀疑他们能否游过河去。He doubts if she will keep her word. 他不敢肯定她是否会遵守诺言。注意：在肯定句中，doubt后面也可以接that引导的宾语从句，但表示疑虑较大或“不相信”。例如：We doubt that they can complete the work ahead
36、 of time. 我们不相信他们能提前完成这项工作。(2)doubt作名词后接同位语从句doubt用在否定句中，后面接that引导的同位语从句。例如：There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter. 毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。doubt用在肯定句中，后面接whether引导的同位语从句。注意不可以用if替换whether。例如：There is some doubt whether their football team will win the match. 他们的足球队会不会赢得这场比赛还不能肯
37、定。15.【解析】选D。考查动词的时态和语态。句意：就像所报道的那样，将会采取更多的措施来尽快恢复正在下滑的经济。主语为more measures，谓语应该用被动形式。本题易误选A。. 1【解析】选B。细节理解题。文中有关能使记忆恢复的食品有：fish, avocado, red wine，因此根据选项给出的答案，只有B项符合文章意思。2【解析】选D。细节理解题。在文章最后一段，作者特别指出：Among the others, the best, of course, is exercise. ，由此可知在所有的方式中锻炼是最重要的。3【解析】选B。细节理解题。在文章的第二段中提到了to av
38、oid mental blocks(为了避免精神障碍)，其前有Vegetables rich in fiber and other dark and green leafy kinds，故粗纤维和深绿叶蔬菜对避免精神障碍有帮助。4【解析】选A。篇章结构题。本文是总分总结构，所以选A。.(1)Present (2)most (3)Reasons (4)quality (5)convenient (6)production/manufacturing (7)pollution (8)Suggestions/Tips (9)made (10)possible高考英语语法：定语从句关系代词引导的定语从
39、句一.关系代词的用法: 关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作主语在定语从句中作动词的宾语或者介词的宾语, 介词在后指人that / whothat / who / whom指物that / whichthat / which上表中黑框内的关系代词可以省略; 在口语及非正式文体中whom常被who所替代; 另外, 关系代词whose表示 (先行词)的二.示例:1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语a. Do you know the man that / who came to see Xiao Yang this morning ?b. This is a book that / which tells
40、about space rocket.2.关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语a. The comrade ( that / who / whom ) they came to visit is a scientist.b. I will never forget the day ( that / which ) we spent in the countryside.3.关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语, 介词在后a. This is the house ( that / which ) he was born in.b. The person ( that / who / whom ) you
41、 should write to is Mr Ball.c. The man ( that / who / whom ) you talked with is our English teacher.4.whose引导的定语从句a. I know a lady whose husband is a Nobel Prize winner.b. The child whose mother died in the fire is now an engineer in our company.c. He is living in a house whose windows are painted w
42、hite.三.应注意的问题:1.指物时, 关系代词只用that而不用which的情况:.先行词被最高级或the only, the very, the same等修饰时a. This is the best play that was written by Jack.b. He is the only person that I can trust.先行词被序数词或the last等词修饰时a. This is the first car that arrived this morning.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定
43、代词时或被不定代词all, any, no等修饰时a. All the people that come from the country work much harder.b. This is all that I can tell you.人+动物或事物共同作为先行词时a. My father and Mr Brown talked of things and persons that they remembered for about an hour.句中又有which作为疑问词出现时a. Which is the train that goes to Beijing ?2.关系代词wh
44、o, which, that在定语从句中作主语时, 要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题. 因为who / that / which指代先行词, 所以定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致即可a. I came to get the book that was left in the classroom.b. I came to get the books that were left in the classroom.关系副词引导的定语从句一.关系副词的用法: when在定语从句中作地点状语; where在定语从句中作地点状语; why在定语从句中作原因状语二.示例:a. He was well at t
45、he time when I saw him.b. Lets meet at the place where we met yesterday.c. This is the reason why I am in favor of the singer.三.应注意的问题:1.在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可省略, 这样的名词如: the time, every time, each time, the moment, the minute, the second等 (也有语法家认为是这些名词直接引导了时间状语从句)a. By the time ( when ) he was fourteen
46、years old he had learned much English.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句一.说明: 关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时, 介词可以位于关系代词之前,从而构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句二.这种定语从句中关系代词的用法: 在这种定语从句中, 关系代词只能用whom(指人)和which(指事物), 而不能使用that / who三.示例:a. This is the house in which he was born.b. The person to whom you should write is Mr Ball.c. The man with whom you
47、 talked is our English teacher.d. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.关系代词前的介词可以是单个介词,也可以是短语介词或类似短语介词的词组a. This is the house in which he was born.b. At five oclock we reached the house, in front of which there is a big tree.c. At five oclock we reached the
48、mountain, at the foot of which lie some farmhouses.2.根据表达的需要, 介词之前还可以有其他词, 从而构成名词或代词+介词+关系代词引导的定语从句a. I used to live in a small room, the window of which faces the street.b. At the gate stood a group of students, some of whom are girls.3.介词若为短语动词中的介词, 则不可将介词拆开放在关系代词之前a. This is the magazine which yo
49、u are looking for.( for不能放在which之前)b. The child whom Aunt Li takes care of is ill.( of不能放在whom之前)4.关系副词when / where / why常可与 介词+关系代词互换a. Do you remember the days when we were in Beijing? ( =in which we were in Beijing )b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?( =in which we o
50、nce played for a whole day )c. This is the reason why he was absent yesterday. (= for which he was absent )限定性与非限定性定语从句一.两者的区别: 见下表形式作用译法限定性定语从句无逗号与主句分开修饰限定作用, 即不可缺少的定语其译文常位于先行词之前, 并体现的非限定性定语从句有逗号与主句分开附加、补充说明的作用, 若缺少它, 句意仍然完整常将其译成一个和主句并列的分句二.关系词的用法: 非限定性定语从句不能用that引导, 并且关系词在任何情况下都不能省略, 除此之外, 在关系词的使用
51、上, 非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句完全相同三.示例:a. My book, which is very old, is on the table.b. President Kennedy, who had heard of King before, was interested to meet him.c. His father, who is working in Beijing, is an engineer.d. The house, where he was born, has been destroyed in the earthquake.e. Mr. Smith, with
52、whom you just talked, is our English teacher.f. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.as / which都可以引导一个非限定性定语从句, as / which是关系代词, 指代主句中所提到的某种情况, 它们的不同点是:.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is like
53、a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they were French, which wasnt true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词
54、, 再将关系代词替换成先行词.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remember the
55、 park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was
56、 the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they
57、 were French, which wasnt true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the
58、 park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played f
59、or a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE