1、必考话题11人际关系()写 作 必 备基础词汇1treasure v珍惜；珍藏2partner n. 伙伴3memory n. 记忆4appreciate v. 感激；欣赏5communicate v. 交际；沟通6relative n. 亲属7precious adj. 珍贵的8relationship n. 人际关系9fall in love with 相爱；爱上10trust each other 相互信任11be loyal to 对忠诚12turn to sb for help 向某人求助13look down upon 看不起；轻视14know sb well 熟知某人提分句型1I
2、m sorry you are having trouble in making friends.However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. 很抱歉你在交友上遇到麻烦。然而，假如你听从我的建议，情况是很容易改变的。2I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand to solve this problem.如果你能帮忙解决这个问题，我将不胜感激。3Being polite is the most important step to develop relations
3、hip among friends.礼貌是建立朋友关系当中最重要的一步。4What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others.我想强调的是我们中的每一个人都应该更多的倾听别人。美 文 赏 析素材示例(2013重庆卷)请结合材料，按要求用英文写作。A mother said，“My son is always on the phone，sleeping，out with his friends，or in his room.He never has time to talk to me.”要求：(1)就此材料
4、发表你的看法；(2)紧扣材料，有明确的观点；(3)词数不少于60；_Recently，many teenagers like to spend more time in playing mobile phones，sleeping，hanging out with their friends or staying in their rooms instead of talking to their parents.Why does it occur？I think it is for lack of communication.Teenagers seek from their friends
5、, and others in time of difficulties and problems instead of from their parents or families.One of the main factors affecting the communication between parents and children is age difference.For one thing， we have this socalled communication gap. Our parents often forget about childrens wants and ne
6、eds before they decide to do something，or buy something.If our parents know these，potential communication problems may be solved.For another thing， communication is twoway.Both parents and children should listen to each other and respect each other.1lack of 缺少，常与for连用构成短语，for lack of因缺少。模拟For_lack_o
7、f_money，the trip was cancelled.因为缺钱，这次旅行被取消了。2for one thing.for another thing.一方面，另一方面，通常用于引出并列的两个理由。模拟I cant buy a car.For_one_thing，I cant drive.For_another_thing,_I dont have enough money.我没能买车，一方面是因为我不会开车，另一方面是因为我没有足够的钱。.核心单词1_(vt.)要求，请求2_(vt.)&(n.)尝试，试图_(adj.)未遂的3_(adj.)政治的_(n.)政治4_(n.)信仰；信心；信任
8、_(vt.)相信5_(vt.)宣布，宣告_(n.)公告6_(n.)申请(书)；应用_(n.)申请人_(vt.)申请7_(n.)解释；说明_(vt.)解释8_(vt.)雇用_(n.)雇用_(n.)失业_(n.)雇主_(n.)雇员_(adj.)自己经营的9_(n.)争论，争吵_(vi.)争吵10_(vt.)分析_(n.)分析11_(n.)鼓励_(vt.)鼓励_(adj.)鼓舞人心的_(adj.)受鼓舞的12_(vi.)发生，出现13_(vt.)责怪，归咎于14_(vt.)保卫，防御，辩解_(n.)保卫；防卫15_(vt.)为做广告，登广告_(n.)广告_(n.)广告人16_(n.)贡献，捐助_(v
9、t.)贡献17_(adj.)天真无邪的，单纯的；无罪的_(n.)清白无罪18_(vt.)做出结论；结束_(n.)结论19_(vt.)&(vi.)打断某人的讲话或动作；打扰_(n.)打断20_(adj.)自然环境的_(adv.)环境地_(n.)环境21_(n.)保护，防卫_(vt.)保护22_(n.)方法，方式23_(n.)场面，风景_(n.)风景(总称)答案1.demand2.attempt；attempted3.political；politics4.belief；believe5.announce；announcement6.application；applicant；apply7.exp
10、lanation；explain8.employ；employment；unemployment；employer；employee；selfemployed9.argument；argue10.analyse；analysis11.encouragement；encourage；encouraging；encouraged12.arise13.blame14.defend；defence15.advertise；advertisement；advertiser16.contribution；contribute17.innocent；innocence18.conclude；conclusi
11、on19.interrupt；interruption20.environmental；environmentally；environment21.protection；protect 22approach23.scene；scenery词不离句，句不离段Theres no evidence before the explosion.Who is to blame？There are different attitudes according to the analysis and her explanation.We have strong belief that she doesnt pr
12、etend to be innocent.重点短语1是意思；代表；支持_2详细地 _3结果是；归结为 _4展望，期待 _5支持，赞同 _6与竞争 _7抓住的注意力 _8由组成 _9stand out _10be linked with/to _11participate in _12as long as _13comment on _14get stuck in _15help out _16go ahead with _答案1.stand for2.in detaile down to 4look forward to5.in favour of6.in competition with 7
13、hold the attention of8.consist of/be made up of 9突出，显眼10.与相关联11.参与，参加12只要13.发表意见，提出看法14.陷入 15帮助克服困难16.开始做；着手于小试身手，聚焦短语His parents werent in_favour_of what he said.I think the black lettering will stand_out best on yellow sign.The letters “USA” stand_for “the United States of America”I dont mind wher
14、e we go as_long_as theres sun, sea and beach.What he wants to say is how great an effort he has made to help her out.经典句式1AIDS is another problem of great concern so sex education and health care administration are extremely important.艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题，所以性教育和健康护理机构非常重要。解读“of抽象名词”相当于其对应的形容词模拟It _(是非常重要的
15、) for our government to prevent the house price going up.2However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.然而并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和进行服务的。解读部分否定模拟All birds have wings, but_(并不是所有的鸟都会飞)3According to a research published by Leeds University yesterday, people dont mind bad l
16、anguage on television as long as it is not used in programmes watched by children.据利兹大学昨天发表的一项研究称，人们不在乎电视中的不良语言，只要不用在儿童看的节目中。解读as long as引导的条件状语从句模拟_(只要有生命)，there is hope.4No matter what the government says, it is clear that the airport will also affect our health.不管政府说什么，很明显这个飞机场也会对我们的健康有影响。解读no ma
17、tter what引导的让步状语从句模拟My parents always waited up for me，_(无论我什么时间放学回家)答案1.is of great importance2.not all birds can fly3.As long as there is life4.no matter what time I got home from school.必背句法被动语态()；动名词用所给动词的适当形式填空1A talk on how to learn English well _(give)in the school hall next Monday.2When aske
18、d by the police，he said that he remembered _(arrive)at the party，but not _(leave)3She looks forward every spring to _(walk)in the flowerlined garden.4In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sound at the end of the words_ (drop)5Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the
19、moneymaking jobs they_(promise) before leaving their hometowns.答案1.will be given2.arriving；leaving3.walking4.is dropped5.have been promised条分缕析，步步为营I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he didnt mention_when we talked on the phone.我听说他们已经提拔了汤姆，但我们电话聊天时他没提被提拔这件事。Its no use_her because she wont listen.跟她争论没
20、有用因为她不会听的。The boy _for what he had done.这个男孩为他的所作所为受到责备。The professor, who was the leader of the research group, announced to the public that the experiment _the next month.那个教授是研究组的领导，他向大家宣布实验将于下个月完成。答案having been promotedarguing withwas to blamewould be finished词 汇 精 解demand vt.要求，请求n.要求(的事物)；需要(教
21、材原句)Reforms have been demanded by people from all over the world.世界各地的人民都要求改革。(1)demand to do sth要求做某事demand sth of/from sb向某人要某物demandthat从句从句用(should)动词原形(2)meet/satisfy ones demands满足某人的需要in demand有需求The workers are demanding better pay of/from the boss.工人们正在要求老板提高工资。Since the earliest civilizati
22、ons, people have controlled rivers to _.(2012湖南，Part Section A)自从最早的文明开始，人类就已经控制河流以满足社会的需要。答案meet societys demands注意 不可说demand sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”。类似的动词还有hope，agree和suggest等。arise vi.发生，出现；起身，起立(教材原句)Could you tell us how the problem arose?你能告诉我们这个问题是如何产生的吗？arise from/out of.由引起when the need/probl
23、em arises当需要/问题出现时These changes arise from differences in climate and the nature of the country.这些变化是由这个国家的气候和自然环境的差异引起的。We can turn to our English teacher for help _.如果有问题，我们可以向英语老师求助。词语辨析rise, raise, ariserise为不及物动词，也可用作名词。意为“(太阳、月亮等)升起，(物价、数量、地位等)增长、上升，(河水等)发源”；也可指人“起床，起立”等；其过去式、过去分词分别为rose和risen
24、raise为及物动词，意为“提高(数量、水平等)，提升，筹募，引起，抚养，饲养”；其过去式、过去分词均为raisedarise为不及物动词，表示“出现，发生，起因于”；过去式和过去分词分别为arose和arisen巧学助记Although a new economic crisis has _ and prices are also _， I want to _ some money to set up a school.尽管又爆发了一次金融危机，而且物价也在上涨，但是我还是想筹集一些钱来建一所学校。答案when the problem arisesarisen；rising；raisebla
25、me vt.责怪，归咎于n.过失；责备(教材原句)The media is often blamed for encouraging the paparazzi.由于鼓励了狗仔队的行为，媒体经常被谴责。(1)blame sb for (doing) sth因(做了)某事而责备某人blame sth on.把某事归咎于be to blame (for.)应(为)承担责任；该(为)受责备(不定式用主动语态)(2)take the blame for sth对某事负责任put/lay the blame for sth on sb把某事的责任推到某人身上There is nobody to blam
26、e but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer.(2012陕西卷，D)如果你(对衣着服饰)的选择与你喜欢的雇主的标准不符，那只能怪你。Still others lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating Americanstyle fast food.(2013湖北卷，C)还有一些人怪罪于美国人，抱怨由于吃美式快餐体重增加。They blamed
27、 him for the accident happening the other day.They _the accident happening the other day_him.他们把前几天发生的事故归咎于他。答案blamed；onemploy vt.雇用；聘请；使忙于；使从事于牛津Cant we employ someone as an assistant to help deal with all this paperwork?我们不可以雇一位助理来协助处理这些文书工作吗？(1)employ(2)employ oneself in (doing) sthbe employed in
28、 (doing) sth从事于/忙于(做)某事For the past ten years I have been employed as an English teacher in this middle school.十年以来我一直在这所中学受雇当一名英语教师。Guo Jingming is employed in writing a new novel.Guo Jingming_a new novel.郭敬明忙着写一部新小说。答案employs himself in writingattempt vt.&n.尝试，试图(教材原句)But sometimes, the paparazzi
29、go too far in their attempt to get the best photographs.但是有的时候，狗仔队为了获得最好的照片要走很远的路。(1)attempt试图做某事(2)make an attempt to do sth企图做某事at the first attempt第一次尝试(3)attempted adj.未遂的 Body language is particularly important when we attempt to communicate across cultures.(2012新课标卷，完形填空)当我们尝试跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要。W
30、e made an attempt to leave for camping, but were stopped by our teacher.我们想去野营但被我们的老师拦住了。She has been charged with the _ murder of her husband.她被指控意图谋杀丈夫。答案attemptedpretend vt.&vi.伪装，假装，(在游戏中)假扮；伪称，佯称(教材原句)Pretending to be a repairman to get into the house of a film star and take pictures of her dai
31、ly life.假扮成修理工进入一个电影明星的房间并且拍摄她的生活照。pretend that.假装pretendTom loved to pretend, and he particularly loved to play superheroes.(2013广东卷，A)汤姆喜欢假扮，他特别喜欢扮演超级英雄。He pretended that he was reading an English paper when the teacher came in.He_an English paper when the teacher came in.当老师进来的时候，他假装在看英语报纸。答案pret
32、ended to be readingapproach nC方法，方式；路径；单数靠近vt.&vi.接近；靠近；接洽；要求；着手处理(教材原句)For many of todays advertisers, repeating old ideas is not a successfull approach.对当今许多广告人来说，重复旧的理念已不是一种成功的办法。(1)the approachmake an approach to sth/sb对进行探讨；和某人打交道(2)approach sbChina and Russia have similar approaches to address
33、ing major international problem.中国和俄罗斯在解决重大国际问题上有着相似的立场。Im not very good at making approaches to strangers.我不善于和陌生人打交道。She approached the bank for a loan in order to buy a new house.为了买一所新房子她向银行申请贷款。词语辨析approach，method, wayapproach处理问题的具体方法、步骤，与介词to连用method指有理论的或有系统的方法，与介词of连用，构成the method of doing
34、sth, with this methodway方法的通用语，适用范围较广，与介词of连用，构成the way of doing sth/to do sth, in this waySome factories take no_to the problem of pollution to make a greater profit, but we are trying to develop new_of pollution control.I think only in this_can we build a harmonious society.答案approach；methods；ways
35、cene n场面，场景；(戏剧的)一场；景色(高考佳句)We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path.(2012全国卷)当员工们在一条弯曲的路的边缘把树竖起来布置场景时，我们都站在影棚的远端。on the scene在现场；当场；在台上come on the scene出场；登场The police were on the scene soon after the traffic accident ha
36、ppened.交通事故发生后不久警察就赶到了现场。词语辨析scene, scenery, sight, viewscene可数名词。指具体的、局部的或一时的景色，可以是自然形成的，也可是人工造成的。还可表示“场面，场景；事发现场和地点；(戏剧)场景”scenery总称，指一个国家或某一地区的整体自然风景。常作不可数名词sight侧重指旅游观光的风光，如城市景色或自然风光。也指人造景物或奇特的景色。常用复数。还可表示“视觉；视野；看法”view多指从远处或高处，即从某一角度所见的景色。还可表示“意见；观点”The Great Wall, whose_is beautiful, is one of
37、 the most breathtaking_in the world, but thirty years ago, beautiful as the_was from the distance, a dirty_appeared in front of us when we arrived there.答案scenery；sights；view；sceneconsist of 由组成，由构成(be made up of/be composed of)(教材原句)Some advertisements consist of pictures or the words of experts to
38、 show people how good the products are.有些广告中含有一些图片或专家说的话，告诉人们该产品如何好。(1)consist(2)consistent adj.一致的；相符的be consistent with和一致；和相符The package_a long, narrow box carefully wrapped in brown paper.(2012浙江卷完形填空)包裹里有一个用棕色的纸仔细包装的又长又窄的盒子。The beauty of the city_its magnificent buildings.这座城市的美就在于它那些宏伟的建筑。答案co
39、nsisted ofconsists in注意 consist of与consist in不用进行时态，也不用被动语态。stand out 突出，显眼(教材原句)Modern advertisements must stand out in a world full of competition by combing the highest standards of design with ideas linked to products to make them more attractive.现代的广告必须通过最高水平设计加上更具吸引力的产品理念在充满竞争的世界里脱颖而出。stand fo
40、r是意思，代表；支持；象征stand by sb/sth支持某人；遵守某事stand up for为辩护；支持We stand for a peaceful settlement of the international dispute.我一贯主张和平解决这一争端。She is the sort of person who_in a crowd.她是那种在人群中很显眼的人。答案stands out句 式 诠 释(教材原句)However，not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.然而，并非所有
41、的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和进行服务。not all.为部分否定结构“并非都”、“并非所有的”，故本句可替换为：However，all advertising is not about selling products and services for a profit.(1)英语中的不定代词all, both, each, every, everybody, everyone, everything；形容词complete, entire, whole；副词completely, entirely, wholly, altogether等和否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都
42、”的意思。(2)英语中的不定代词none, nobody, nothing, no one, neither；副词(词组)no, never, nowhere, no more, no longer等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语连用，构成全部否定。He says that once again not all new locks have proved reliable.(2011浙江卷，A)他说或许这再次证明了并非所有新锁都是可靠的。None of the books are useful to us for the moment.这些书对我们暂时都没用。对 点 题 组.用所给词的适当形式填
43、空1After graduation, she found_(employ) with a local finance company.2All_(attempt) to control the spread of the disease have failed.3Do you remember him_(pretend) to be his father on the phone?4A number of high buildings have _(arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.5Its impossible for
44、us to satisfy everyones_(demand)答案1.employment2.attempts3.pretending4arisen5.demands.选词填空1Jessica_as a track star.2The letters PLA_the Peoples Liberation Army.3They were_the Democratic candidate for President.4The little boy from Xinjiang_the audience in the competition.5Most people are familiar wit
45、h the idea that all matters_atoms.6I will cooperate_I am notified on time.7She has been charged with the_of her husband.8He talked to me because he wants his editors to_so much more_him.答案1.stood out2.stand for3.in favor of4.held the attention of5.consist of6.as long as7.attempted murder8.demand；of.
46、完成句子1He has two daughters，_(她们俩并不都是护士)2Those old books_(没用的) will be sold and well buy some new ones_(很有价值的)3You may borrow the books_(只要你让它保持清洁)4_(无论你做什么)，Ill support you.5A highway bridge_(正在建造)over the river.They hope to finish it the next month.答案1.both of whom arent nurses2.of no use；of much va
47、lue3.so/as long as you keep it clean4.No matter what you do5.is being built.微写作(先翻译下面的句子，然后连成一篇50词左右的小短文)1老师经常要求我们阅读英语文章以提高英语水平。(demand)2我尝试读二十一世纪英文报(21st Century)，我觉得这份报纸很适合我们学生。(attempt)3报纸出版地点是北京，每周一期。(come out)4版面内容包括国家大事、体育、娱乐、故事等。(consist of)5我相信只要我们多读，就会取得更大的进步。(as long as)_【参考范文】Our teacher
48、often demands that we read English articles to improve our English，so I attempt to read 21st Century，which I find suitable for us students.The paper is published in Beijing and it comes out once a week.The content of the paper consists of state affairs，sports，entertainment，stories，etc.I strongly believe that as long as we do more reading we are bound to make greater progress in English.
