1、.单句语法填空1I would like to apply _ the position, vice president of our school English club.答案：for2Theres no denying that the attack did a severe _ (injure) to his reputation.答案：injury3_ the aid of our teacher, we finished the experiment successfully.答案：With4(山东高考)I received your email last week, but I
2、was busy preparing for my final exam, which was vital _ me, so I didnt reply to you without delay.答案：to/for5Without such equipment as I had with me, I should have remained _(stick) in the road.答案：stuck6It is essential that these application forms _(send) back as early as possible.答案：(should) be sent
3、7We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday _ it rains or its very cold.答案：unless8Every individuals effort will make _ difference to environment protection.答案：a9She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out _ she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.答案：when10The global
4、warming, if not properly _ (control), might lead to more natural disasters.答案：controlled.阅读理解(2016山西考前质量监测)India is a country with 1.2 billion people, of which 30% still live in poverty, and 56% of the workforce is engaged in agriculture even though it contributes only 18% of GDP.Reforming Indias ec
5、onomy will therefore require more than just the relaxation of business regulations; it will require a massive reallocation of labor and the retraining of farm workers for other professions through better education and vocational training.In addition, only 29% of women in India are in the workforce e
6、ven though they make up 50% of the population, which represents the severe underuse of a valuable resource, and a barrier to progress.The government with Modi as the Premier will have to create a basic construction to correct the problem of these inefficiencies.It is also important to note that the
7、reorganization of Indias labor force will take years, if not decades, to produce results for the economy.All this can push returns down for investors in the short and medium term.Another major challenge for Indias free market experiment will be the foundation of BJP(人民党), which has its roots in reli
8、gion.Free market economics cant work properly without a truly free society, and the conservative social and political philosophies (思想体系) of Modis party could prevent that from happening.The rural base of the BJP also creates another risk for the agenda of the government.While Indias poor people wil
9、l certainly benefit from economic reform, they are also the easiest to be exploited by some corporations and may require statesponsored welfare for existence.This creates an obvious contradiction for the government and a real free market in India.To lift the country economically, capitalist principl
10、es must be accepted completely, but without state control, Indias poor and middle class may be left behind.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了印度的政治环境以及目前所面临的经济改革问题。1To change Indias economy more effectively, _.Abusiness regulations should be restrictedBfarm workers deserve retraining and reallocatingCmore people should b
11、e engaged in agricultureDwomen should make up 50% of the workforceB解析： 细节理解题。 根据文章第一段的“it will require a massive reallocation of labor and the retraining of farm workers”可知， 需要重新分配劳动力和重新培训农民工， 即B项正确。2Free market economics can function well with _.Atraditional social structuresBa society full of libe
12、rtyCconservative political philosophiesDthe basic policy of BJPB解析： 细节理解题。 根据文章第三段的“Free market economics cant work properly without a truly free society”可知， 自由市场经济能够正常运转需要一个真正自由的社会， 即B项正确。3Under the control of the government, _ will benefit from the economic reform.Aboth commerce and industryBboth
13、state factories and local firmsCboth middleclass people and poor peopleDboth urban and rural areasC解析： 细节理解题。 根据文章最后一段的“While Indias poor people will certainly benefit from economic reform”和“but without state control, Indias poor and middle class may be left behind”可知， 经济改革将使中产阶级和穷人都受益， 即C项正确。4The t
14、one of the author towards Indias economic reform is_.AfavorableBdisapprovingCoptimistic DdoubtfulD解析： 推理判断题。 根据文章的第三段和第四段的“The rural base of the BJP also creates another risk for the agenda of the government”可知， 印度的经济改革挑战巨大、 困难重重， 作者对其持怀疑态度， 即D项正确。.完形填空(2016云南师大附中适应性考试)Visitors to the dry, hot Sonor
15、an Desert of the southern Arizona and northern Mexico are amazed at the manyarmed giants. They are the saguaro cacti(树形仙人掌), a giant which gives the landscape its _1_ appearance. In the dry desert the saguaro cacti can live for more than 200 years, grow to a _2_of 60 feet, and have as many as 50 arm
16、s.More _3_， the saguaro cacti still persist despite the unbearable desert climate. Those that have grown to old age have _4_ droughts, freezes, flash floods, and bush fires as well as the _5_ caused by groups of rats that eat their seedlings(秧苗). Like all other desert _6_， these leafless giants can
17、store water for use during the deserts long dry seasons by _7_ water through their long roots.Naturally, the great saguaro cacti are a(n)_8_ part of the desert life. Actually the giants may be _9_ to many animals, including woodpeckers, owls, doves, bats and insects. In addition, after a saguaro _10
18、_ the age of 50 or so, coldresistant flowers _11_ at the top of the plants once a year. These flowers _12_ birds, bats and bees, which come for the honey and for the tasty flowers with their black seeds._13_ the splendid saguaros are plentiful in the Southwest, they are unfortunately _14_. These gia
19、nt cacti have great value in landscape gardening, and the thieves can earn thousands of dollars by uprooting and _15_ them to nurseries(苗圃). To protect these southwestern _16_， agents for the Arizona Department of Agriculture go around and _17_ the desert. Its a most important job though a hard one.
20、 But without the saguaro cacti, many desert animals would suffer a lack of _18_ and loss of nesting sites. The Southwest, too, would _19_ something of unique importance, since these desert giants have become a _20_ of the dry region.【解题导语】本文是一篇环境类的说明文。 文章从奇特的形状、 生活特性、 经济价值等方面介绍了Sonoran Desert(索诺兰沙漠)
21、的标志性植物树形仙人掌。 1A.generalBbasicCunique DlovelyC解析： 根据下文可知， 树形仙人掌有多达50个手形分支， 所以形状“独特”， 故选unique“独特的”。 general“普通的”； basic“基本的”； lovely“可爱的”。 2A.length Bheight Csize DwidthB解析： 根据前面的“giant”及后面的“60 feet”可知， 此处表示的是“高度”， 因此选height。 length“长度”； size“尺寸”； width“宽度”。 3A.pleasingly BinspiringlyCinterestingly D
22、amazinglyD解析： 根据上文可知， 游客对树形仙人掌的形状惊讶不已， 现在更令人惊讶的是它们的适应能力， 因此选amazingly。 pleasingly“令人愉快地”； inspiringly“鼓舞人心地”； interestingly“有趣地”。 4A.lived through Bbroken throughCcut through Dgot throughA解析： 根据上下文可知， 树形仙人掌“经历”了恶劣环境的考验， live through“经历”符合语境。 break through“突破”； cut through“抄近路穿过， 走近路”； get through“接通
23、电话， 通过考试”。 5A.crisis BdamageCdestruction DloadB解析： 除了恶劣的气候外， 树形仙人掌还要遭受老鼠的“破坏”， 因此选damage。 crisis“危机”； destruction“毁灭”； load“负担”。 6A.plants BlivesCanimals DcreaturesA解析： 像沙漠里其他所有的“植物”一样， 因此选plants。 life“生命”； animal“动物”； creature“生物”。 7A.pouring Bsqueezing Cpumping DabsorbingD解析： 树形仙人掌通过它们的长根茎吸收水。 abs
24、orb“吸收”， 符合语境。 pour“倒， 灌”； squeeze“挤压”； pump“抽出”。 8A.independent BvitalCoriginal DmysteriousB解析： 根据下文可知， 作为许多动物赖以生存的食物和家园， 树形仙人掌是沙漠“极为重要的”部分， 因此选vital“极重要的”。 independent“独立的”； original“原始的”； mysterious“神秘的”。 9A.spot Bfield Chome DcampC解析： 根据最后一段的倒数第二句“But without the saguaro cacti.loss of nesting si
25、tes.”可知， 树形仙人掌可能是许多动物的栖息地。 因此选home“家园”。 spot“地点”； field“田地”； camp“营地”。 10A.turns BtakesCmeets DgainsA解析： 树形仙人掌长到50岁左右。 此处选turn意为“到(某年龄或某个时间)”， 其后可直接跟数字。 take“带走”； meet“遇到”； gain“获得”。 11A.come up Bcome outCshow off Dshow upB解析： 根据上下文可知， 这里指树形仙人掌开花了， 因此选come out“(花朵)开放”。 come up“走近， 被提到”； show off“炫耀”
26、； show up“露面， 到达”。 12A.call Btrap Cfascinate DstickC解析： 根据下文中的“which come for the honey”可知， 树形仙人掌的花吸引了一些动物， 因此此处选fascinate“迷住， 深深吸引”。 call“召集”； trap“困住”； stick“粘”。 13A.As BBut CAlthough DYetC解析： 尽管在西南这壮丽的树形仙人掌很多， 但它们却面临着危险。 逗号前后表示让步关系， although“尽管”， 符合语境。 as“因为”； but“但是”； yet“然而”。 14A.in danger Bin
27、demandCin need Din controlA解析： 根据上题解析可知， 此处应选in danger“处于危险之中”。 in demand“需求大， 受欢迎”； in need“需要”； in control“掌管”。 15A.exchanging BtradingCoffering DsellingD解析： 根据空格前的“These giant cacti have great value in landscape gardening, and the thieves can earn thousands of dollars”可知， 树形仙人掌被偷去卖钱， sell“卖”， 符合语
28、境。 exchange“交换”； trade“从事贸易， 以物易物”； offer“提供”。 16A.treasures BdecorationsCpossessions DcreationsA解析： 根据全文可知， 树形仙人掌是应该受到保护的沙漠珍宝， treasure“珍宝”， 符合语境。 decoration“装饰”； possession“拥有物”； creation“发明， 创造”。 17A.look over Bhand overCwatch over Dturn overC解析： 为了保护这些珍宝， Arizona农业部派代理人保护沙漠。 因此选watch over“监督， 保护
29、”。 look over“浏览， 迅速地检查”； hand over“移交”； turn over“翻转”。 18A.food BsceneryCwater DflavorA解析： 根据第三段的最后一句可知， 树形仙人掌还是动物们的食物。 没有了它们， 就意味着“食物”的短缺， 因此此处选food。 scenery“风景”； water“水”； flavor“味道”。 19A.affect Babandon Cincrease DloseD解析： 西南部也将失去这些极具重要性的东西， 因此此处选lose。 affect“影响”； abandon“遗弃， 放弃”； increase“增加”。 2
30、0A.signal Bsign Cmark DsymbolD解析： 这些沙漠巨型植物已经变成了这个干燥区域的标志。 根据句意可知， 此处选symbol“标志”。 signal“信号”， sign“征兆”； mark“记号”。 .语法填空(2016河南省高考适应性测试)Philip was a junior office assistant in a large company. He was quite ambitious, so he was keen to make a good 1._(impress) on the boss. He often stayed late at the o
31、ffice, to show 2._ committed and hardworking he was. One evening, he was just 3._ to go home when he saw his boss 4._(stand) in front of the shredder(碎纸机), holding a document.“Ah, Philip! Im glad youre still here in the office！” said the boss, “Good 5._(see) all your hard work and professionalism. N
32、ow I wonder if you could help me.”“Of course, ” replied Philip. “Its no trouble.”“Good man! You see, my secretary has already gone home 6._ I havent got a clue how this thing works. Its important that I get this done before tomorrow. If you 7._ (can) do this one more thing before you go home, Id 8._
33、(real) appreciate it.”“No problem, ” said Philip, 9._(happy) to be asked to do such a simple job.He took the document from his boss, turned on the machine, inserted the document and pressed the start button.“Thats excellent，” said the boss, as the document vanished into the shredder.“I just need two
34、 10._ (copy)”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文， 讲述了Philip帮不会操作机器的老板把文件放入了碎纸机， 而老板却说“给我复印两份”的幽默故事。 1impression解析： 形容词“good”修饰名词； 根据不定冠词“a”可知， 此处应使用单数名词。 impress的名词形式为impression。 make a good impression on sb.是固定短语， 意为“给某人留下好印象”。 2how解析： 句意为： 他经常在办公室待到很晚， 以此来显示他是多么的敬业和勤奋。 “committed”和“hardworking”是形容词， 所以用副词how修饰， 表示程度。
35、3about解析： 固定句型be about to do sth.when.意为“正要做某事时突然”。 故填about。 4standing解析： 动词see后通常接动词原形或现在分词作宾语补足语， 此处表示正在发生的动作， 所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。 5to see解析： 分析句子结构可知， 形容词“Good”前省略了it is, 所以用动词不定式作真正的主语。 6and解析： 分析句子结构可知， 此处用连词and连接两个并列的句子。 7could解析： 根据主句中的谓语动词可知， 此处是指与现在事实相反的虚拟， 所以if引导的条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时。 故填could。 8really解析： 应用副词修饰动词“appreciate”。 real的副词形式为really。 9happy解析： 根据语境可知， Philip很高兴被要求做这样简单的工作。 分析句子结构可知， 空格处用形容词happy作状语， 表伴随。 10copies解析： 根据数词“two”可知， 此处名词应使用复数形式。 copy的复数形式为copies。