1、2014高考英语二轮阅读理解限时训练精品题（3）及答案 时闻型阅读理解 MIT researchers and their colleagues are working to find out whether energy from trees can power a network of sensors (传感器) to prevent spreading forest fires. What they learn could also raise the possibility of using trees as silent guards along the nations border
2、s to discover potential threats such as smuggled (走私的) radioactive materials. The US Forest Service currently predicts and tracks fires with a variety of tools, including remote automated weather stations. But these stations are expensive and sparsely (稀疏地) distributed. Additional sensors could save
3、 trees by providing better local climate data to be used in fire prediction models and earlier warnings. However, recharging or replacing batteries by hand at very hardtoreach locations makes it impractical and costly. The new sensor system seeks to avoid this problem by developing trees into a self
4、sustaining power supply. Each sensor is equipped with a battery that can be slowly recharged using electricity produced by the tree. “A single tree doesnt generate a lot of power, but over time the trickle (细流) charge adds up, just like _”， said Shuguang Zhang, one of the researchers on the project
5、and the associate director of the MITs Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBE)The system produces enough electricity to allow the temperature and humidity sensors to wirelessly send out signals four times a day, or immediately if theres a fire. Each signal spreads from one sensor to another, until i
6、t reaches an existing weather station that sends the data by satellite to a forestry command centre in Boise, Idaho. Scientists have long known that trees can produce extremely small amounts of electricity. But no one knew exactly how the energy was produced or how to take advantage of the power.1Wh
7、at are the disadvantages of the remote automated weather stations?AThey cost too much.bThey are of poor quality.cThey are not enough.dThey cant reach remote places.Aa, b Bb, d Ca, c Db, c2Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank?AFar water does not put out near fire.BAll rive
8、rs run into the sea.CMany a little makes a mickle.DIt never rains but it pours. 3What Shuguang Zhang said in Paragraph 4 means that _Aa single tree is enough to generate much power Bthe power from the tree cant be storedCtrees can generate enough power for our lifeDa tree can produce the electricity
9、 to meet the needs of a sensor4What would the author talk about after the last paragraph of the passage?AThe amount of electricity trees produce.BHow trees produce electricity.CTrees contribution to society.DThe research process of tree power.5What would be the best title for the passage?APreventing
10、 forest fires with tree powerBTrees can produce electricityCTree power in daily lifeDDeveloping new energy【解析】A【要点综述】 本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了科学家们的发现：树能为预防森林火灾的传感器供电。1C细节解释题。文章第三段提到的美国森林服务机构现在所采用的工具和方法花费高、分布少。如增加传感器，边远地区将无法充电或换电池，故选C项。2C推理判断题。根据上下文可知此处为“积少成多”的含义。故选C。A“远水救不了近火”；B“海纳百川”；D“不雨则已，一雨倾盆”。3D细节理解题。第四段中
11、研究人员指出，一棵树产生不了多少能量，但随着时间的推移，细小的能量会不断增加，就像不断滴水的水龙头也能滴满一桶一样，故D项正确。4B文章结构题。文章最后一段最后一句提到没人确切地知道树是怎么产生能量的或人们如何利用这些能量，因而，下文会就此展开论述，故选B项。5A主旨大意题。文章第一段就点明主题：如何利用树所产生的能量预防森林火灾，A项概括了文章的主旨。阅读理解- (2011全国卷，D)The way we do things round here Some years ago，I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from
12、the head of the Personnel Department that started，“Dear John，I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.” That “quite” saddened me. I thought he was saying “were kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”Then I discovered that in American English “qui
13、te” sometimes means “very”， while in British English it means “fairly”So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I dont just mean the words people speak. It is body language，dress，manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the
14、 differences we see between cultures (文化)Some of these differences may be only on the surfacedress，food and hours of workwhile others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate (气候)，while getting o
15、n with business. Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite；the service is better；you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However，other differences can be troubling, like punctuality (准时). If you invite people to a party at 7 oclock you
16、r guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest，an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word “late” because there is n
17、othing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.本文介绍了作者所感受到的文化差异。13. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought _.A. the American bank didnt think much of himB. the American bank might hire another personC. its difficul
18、t to get used to American cultureD. its easy to misunderstand Americans答案：A。推理判断题。由第一段中“That “quite” saddened me”可以推断出作者认为这家美国银行不重视他。14The underlined word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. encourages B. helps to narrowC. increases D. draws attention to答案：D。词义猜测题。由下文可知人们做事情的方式引起了作者对文化差异
19、的关注。15According to the author，what should we do with most cultural differences?A. Ask the native people for help.B. Understand and accept them.C. Do things in our own way.D. Do indepth research.答案：B。细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知我们要习惯文化差异并接受存在的文化差异。16When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are
20、_. A. Italians B. Germans C. Greeks D. the British答案：B。细节理解题。由最后一段“If you invite people.on time in Germany.”可知B项正确。阅读理解-AIn business, there is a speed difference: Its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company act
21、ually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size .Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge end
22、ed up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, Whats more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period
23、.How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the ti
24、me it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production, for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic sp
25、eed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency,
26、stuck to tested methods, didnt develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business
27、goals . That kind of strategy must come from the top.( ) 1. What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Increase the speed. B. Get an advantage. C. Reach the limit. D. Set a goal.( ) 2. The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means _. A. spending mo
28、re time and performing worse.B. spending more time and performing betterC. spending less time and performing worse D. spending less time and performing better ( ) 3. What can we learn from the text? A. how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.B. how competitive a firm is depends on what it pro
29、duces.C. Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.D. Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.( ) 4. Which could be the best title for the text? A. Improve quality? Serve better.B. Deliver value? Plough ahead.C. Reduce time? Move faster.
30、D. Need speed? Slow down.时闻型阅读理解-B(NEW YORK) A French tourist highly praised for rescuing a twoyearold girl in Manhattan said he didnt think twice before diving into the freezing East River.Tuesdays Daily News said 29yearold Julien Duret from France was the man who left the spot quickly after the re
31、scue last Saturday.He lifted the little girl out of the water after she fell off the bank at the South Street Seaport museum. He handed the girl to her father, David Anderson, who had dived in after him.“I didnt think at all，” Duret told the Daily News. “It happened very fast. I reacted very fast.”D
32、uret, an engineer on vacation, was walking with his girlfriend along the pier(码头) when he saw something falling into the water. He thought it was a doll, but realized it was a child when he approached the river. Immediately, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.When he reached the girl, sh
33、e appeared lifeless, he said. Fortunately, when she was out of the water, she opened her eyes.Anderson said his daughter slipped off the bank when he was adjusting his camera. An ambulance came later for her, said Duret, who was handed dry clothes from onlookers. Duret caught a taxi with his girlfri
34、end shortly after.The rescue happened on the day before he left for France. Duret said he didnt realize his story of heroism had greatly moved New York until he was leaving the city the next morning.“I dont really think Im a hero，” said Duret. “Anyone would do the same thing.”1Why was Duret in New Y
35、ork? ATo meet his girlfriend.BTo spend his holiday.CTo work as an engineer.DTo visit the Andersons.2What did Duret do shortly after the ambulance came? AHe was interviewed by a newspaper.BHe went to the hospital in the ambulance.CHe disappeared from the spot quickly.DHe asked his girlfriend for his
36、dry clothes.3Who dived after Duret into the river to save the little girl? ADavid Anderson.BA passerby.CHis girlfriend.DA taxi driver.4Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? ADuret thought twice before he jumped into the cold water.BDuret dived into the water before the girls father.CThe rescue happened on the day Duret left for France.DDuret didnt think he was brave enough to be a hero.5What is probably the headline of this news report? AA Careless FatherBA Poor Girl CWarmhearted OnlookersDBrave Frenchman Found【参考答案】B1B2.C3.A4.B5.D