1、2014高考英语二轮阅读理解限时训练精品题（15）及答案 科普知识型阅读理解(一)-AThe forces that make Japan one of the worlds most earthquakeprone(有地震倾向的) countries could become part of its longterm energy solution.Water from deep below the ground at Japans tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity.Although J
2、apanese hightech companies are leaders in geothermal(地热的) technology and export it, its use is limited in the nation.“Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy，” said Yoshiyasu Takefuji, a leading researcher of thermalelectric power production.The disastrous earthquake and
3、 tsunami on March 11, 2011 caused a reaction against atomic power, which previously made up 30 per cent of Japans energy needs, and increased interest in alternative energies, which account for only 8 per cent.Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy, following the example o
4、f Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 per cent of its needs.For now, geothermal energy makes up less than 1 per cent of the energy needs in Japan, which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost
5、of the exploration and constructing the factories.Another problem is that Japans potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden.“We cant even dig 10cm inside national parks，” said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric, ad
6、ding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.Researcher Hideaki Matsui said, “Producing electricity using hot springs is a decadeslong project.We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term.”The Earth
7、 Policy Institute in Washington, the US, believed Japan could produce 80，000 megawatts(兆瓦)and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology.Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology, with a 70 per cent market share.In 2010, Fuji Electr
8、ic built the worlds largest geothermal factory in New Zealand.1. What would be the best title for the text?AAlternative energies in JapanBThe worlds largest geothermal plantCJapan takes the lead in geothermal technologyDJapan thinks of geothermal energy2. What percentage of Japans energy needs is ge
9、othermal energy?AAbout 8%. BBelow 1%.CAround 30%. DOver 80%.3. According to Shigeto Yamada, the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs _Aa change of rulesBfinancial supportClocal peoples helpDhigh technology4. Geothermal energy is considered as a longterm programme by _AYoshiyasu TakefujiBHideaki
10、 MatsuiCShigeto YamadaDYoko Ono5. It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that _Athe worlds biggest geothermal plant was built by AmericaBJapan will not export its geothermal technologyCthe potential of Japans geothermal energy is greatDit is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan【参考答案解析】A【要
11、点综述】 文章主要讲述了日本正在考虑开发地热能这样一件事，因为日本是地震多发国家，国家地热能非常丰富，所以地热能将是日本的新型替代能源。1D文章主要讲述了日本正在考虑开发地热能，所以是围绕地热能的话题展开。故选D项。2B从第六段“For now, geothermal energy makes up less than 1 per cent of the energy needs in Japan, which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.”可知，日本地热能不到1%，主要依赖于化石燃料和原子能。
12、故选B项。3A从倒数第四段“adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.”可知，要开发地热能，需要将现行的规章制度进行改变，故选A项。4B从“Producing electricity using hot springs is a decadeslong project.”可知，Hideaki Matsui 认为地热能是个长期的项目，故选B项。5C从最后两段“believed Japan could produce 80，000 megawatt
13、s(兆瓦)and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology”可知，日本在地热能方面有着巨大的潜力，故选C项。阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳答案。A Many people think a telephone is essential. But I think it is a pest and a time waster. Very often you find it impossible to escape from some idle or curious
14、 chatter-box, or from somebody who wants something for nothing. If you have a telephone in your own house, you will admit that it tends to ring when you are asleep, or in the middle of a meal or a conversation, or when you are just going out, or when you are taking your bath. Are you strong minded e
15、nough to ignore it, to say to yourself,“Ah, well, it will all be the same in a hundred years time” You are not. You think there may be some important news or messages for you. I can assure you that if a message is really important it will reach you sooner or later. Have you never rushed dripping fro
16、m the bath, or chewing from the table, or dazed from the bed, only to be told that you are a wrong number? But you will say, you need not have your name printed in the telephone directory, and you can have a telephone which is only usable for outgoing calls. Besides, you will say, isnt it important
17、to have a telephone in case of emergencyillness, an accident, or fire? Of course, you are right, but here in a thickly populated country like England one is seldom far from a telephone in case of dreadful necessity. I think perhaps I had better try to justify myself by trying to prove that what I li
18、ke is good. I admit that in different circumstancesif I were a tycoon(business VIP),for instance, or bed ridden I might find a telephone essential. But then if I were a taxi-driver I should find a car essential. Let me put it another way: there are two things for which the English seem to show parti
19、cular talent; one is mechanical invention, the other is literature. My own business happens to be with the use of words but I see I must now stop using them. For I have just been handed a slip of paper to say that somebody is waiting to speak to me on the telephone. I think I had better answer it. A
20、fter all, one never knows, it may be something important.36.The passage is mainly discussing _.A. that we should be strong enough to ignore a phone callB. that important message will reach you sooner or laterC. whether its necessary to answer all phone callsD. whether it is necessary to have a telep
21、hone提示:通读全文，尤其是文章的第一段和最后一段可以得出此结论。答案:D37.Judging from the passage, who is strong-minded enough to ignore a phone call?A. The author. B.A tycoon.C.A taxi-driver. D. Hardly anyone.答案:D 大意理解，文章的第二段第三段可以看出38.According to the passage, the author_.A. thinks the telephone should go out of our lifeB. likes
22、to be different from other peopleC. thinks the telephone is annoyingD. speaks favourably of a telephone提示:文章的第二句就说明了作者的观点，后面又作了进一步的补充说明。答案:C39.In the authors opinion, which of the following is NOT true?A. Nearly everyone has been told a wrong number.B. Its necessary for everyone to have a telephone.
23、C. He himself can not decide whether to answer a call.D.A telephone directory may bring in unexpected calls.提示:从文章的第二段得出答案。答案:B阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AI grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my c
24、hildhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creating worlds we could step into, take part. in. and live in.With this unshakable belief, I, at. fourteen, decided to beco
25、me a writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so stro
26、ngly that it reshapes his own world. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other peoples writing can one discover what works, what doesnt and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has. Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it
27、is to read fiction (文学作品)As a. law student, my reading is in fact limited to subject matterthe volume (量) of what I have to read for classes every week means there is little time to read anything else. Such reading made it all the clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place ca
28、lled life. Reading fiction reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldnt necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.( ) 1
29、. What can be inferred about the author as a child? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mA. He never watched TV. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o mB. He read what he had to.C. He found reading unbelievable.D. He considered reading part of his life. ( ) 2. The underlined word voice in the second paragraph most probably means “ ”.A.
30、an idea B. a sound qualityC. a way of writingD. a world to write about ( ) 3. What effect does reading have on the author? w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o mA. It helps him to realize his dream.B. It opens up a wider world for him.C. It makes his college life more interesting.D. It increases his interest in worldw
31、ide travel.( ) 4. Which of the following can be the best title of this text? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mA. Why do I read? B. How do I read? C. What do I read? D. When do I read?语篇解读：本篇文章是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身体验，讲述读书使人形成自己的独立观点，读书使人开扩视野的重要作用。1. 答案：D考点：细节理解题解析：根据首段第一二句， “I grew up in a house with one wall in my bedro
32、om entirely lined with bookshelves.I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing”可知作者是在一个以书为伴的环境中长大的，读书像呼吸那样已经成为生活必需。2. 答案：C考点：词义推测题。解析：根据文中 “.but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own ”可以推断出voice所表达的意思是“写作方式”。3. 答案B考点：细节理解题解析：由文章的最后一句：“It allows me to travel
33、across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldnt necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.”可得出答案4. 答案：A考点：主旨大意题。解析：文章作者主要以自己的亲身体验讲述读书的重要性。因此Why do I read?“我为什么读书？”作题目最佳。w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m科普
34、知识型阅读理解(一)-BA blind baby is doubly handicapped. Not only is it unable to see, but because it cannot receive the visual stimulus(刺激)from its environment that a sighted child does, it is likely to be slow in intellectual development. Now the tenmonthold son of Dr and Mrs Dennis Daughters is the subjec
35、t of an unusual psychological experiment designed to prevent a lag(滞后)in the learning process. With the aid of a sonartype electronic that he wears on his head, infant(婴儿) Dennis is learning to identify the people and objects in the world around him by means of echoes(回声)The device is an improvement
36、 of the “Sonicguide”， an instrument produced by Telesensory Systems, Inc., of Palo Alto, Calif, and used by blind adults in addition to a sane or guide dog. As adapted for Dennis, it consists of a batterypowered system about the size of a half dollar that is on a headgear. A transmitter sends out an
37、 ultrasonic(超声的) pulse that creates an 80 degree cone of sound at 6 feet. Echoes from objects within the cone are perceived (felt) as sounds that vary in pitch(音调) and volume(音量) with the size and distance of the object.The closer an object is, the lower the pitch, and the larger the object, the lou
38、der the signal. Hard surfaces produce a sharp ping, while soft ones send back signals with a slightly fuzzy quality. An object slightly to the right of Dennis sends back a louder sound to his right ear than to the left. Thus, by simply moving his head right and left and up and down, he can not only
39、locate an object but also get some notion of its shape and size, thanks to the varying qualities of sounds reaching his ears as the cone of ultrasound(超声波) passes its_edge. Dennis likes to use the device to play a kind of peekaboo with his mother. Standing on his knee and facing her directly, he rec
40、eives a strong signal in both ears. By turning his head away, he makes her seem to disappear. “From the first time he wore it，” says Mrs Daughters, “it was like a light going on in his head.”What remains to be determined is how well the device will help Dennis cope with his surroundings as he begins
41、 to walk and venture further into his environment.Meanwhile, Telesensory, Inc., is working on the development of sonar(声呐) device with somewhat the same sensitivity as Dennis for use by schoolage children.1. Dr and Mrs Daughters research is directed to _Ahelping the blind to see and learn as well as
42、 othersBbenefiting the learning process of blind childrenCsolving blind childrens psychological problemsDfinding out how children develop intellectually2. Infant Dennis becomes the subject of the experiment most probably because _Ahe already lags behind the sighted childrenBhe leads a life as normal
43、 as any other childrenChe is at the early stage of the learning processDhe has the aid of a sonartype electronic device3. What can we learn about infant Dennis device?AIts the first design that was designed for blind adults.BIts battery is as small as a halfdollar coin.CIt is functionally similar to
44、 a sane or guide dog.DIt has been improved by Telesensory Systems, Inc.4. In the third paragraph, “its edge” refers to “_”Athe edge of an objectBthe edge of the deviceCthe boundary of Dennis movementDthe boundary of the pitch5. What is Telesensory Systems, Inc. most likely to think about infant Denn
45、is device?AIt had better be used by blind children from school age.BIt needs improving for use in a complicated environment.CIt may not be so suitable for the blind adults.DIt benefits blind children in terms of learning.【参考答案解析】B【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了一项针对盲童的学习过程的研究。1B首段第三句末的不定式“to prevent a lag(滞后) in the
46、learning process”表明了Daughters夫妇研究的目的。另外，文章一开头就提到了本文讨论的重点是针对blind baby的，由此可见，选项B为本题答案。2C首段首句提到的a blind baby，第三句提到的tenmonthold和末句提到的infant等词都表明Dennis成为研究对象是因为Daughters夫妇研究的是盲童从小的学习过程，Dennis年龄很小，正处于学习的最初阶段，符合Daughters夫妇做研究的条件，因此选项C为本题答案。3A第二段首句中的improvement表明Dennis用的声呐定位仪是“Sonicguide”的改良版，也就是说“Sonicguide”是Dennis的声呐定位仪的原型。根据该句对其功能的描述可以确定选项A为本题答案。4A第三段第四句中的thanks to 表明此处解释了Dennis的声呐定位仪的运作机制，即通过声波描绘物体的形状，该句中the cone指的就是该定位仪，而its edge应指周围物体的边缘。当声波碰到物体的边缘时，就能通过声音描绘出物体的形状了，因此本题答案应为A。5D从末段末句中的schoolage children及句中的其他内容可以推断Telesensory 最可能认为Dennis的声呐定位仪有利于儿童的学习过程，因此选项D为本题答案。
