1、（北京卷）2021届高三英语下学期考前信息冲刺卷2（含解析）（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分）A group of doves (鸽子) flew long distances but did not get anything to eat. All of them were now completely _1_.A young dove asked the King Dove, “Please allow us to take a _2_.” The king replied, “Have courage, my dear. We shall surely get something
2、 to eat very soon.”The young dove started waving his _3_ with force and soon left everyone behind. After some time, he turned back and spoke to the others, “I see lots of _4_ down there.”Hearing this, all the doves started rushing towards the grains under a tree. _5_ the King Dove said, “There is so
3、mething wrong. It may be a trap.” But the doves were very _6_, and the grains were too inviting. Without giving a thought to the kings _7_, they flew down and started eating the grains. After having a big _8_, they tried to fly away only to find that they were caught in a net. Then the King Dove sai
4、d, “All of you must try to fly with the _9_ at the same time and in the same direction, all of you.”Just then they saw a _10_ approaching towards them. The King Dove said, “Now all of you, fly together”.So all the doves flew away together with the net. The hunter couldnt believe what he had just see
5、n.1. A. excitedB. pleasedC. tiredD. surprised2. A. restB. walkC. chanceD. step3. A. wingsB. clawsC. feetD. hands4. A. cornB. riceC. peasD. grains5. A. SadlyB. GladlyC. SuddenlyD. Gradually6. A. angryB. hungryC. thirstyD. sleepy7. A. kiddingB. warningC. lyingD. cheating8. A. partyB. dreamC. breakD. m
6、eal9. A. netB. grainsC. hunterD. leader10. A. dogB. farmerC. hunterD. cat【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群迫切找食物的鸽子因为没有听从鸽王的忠告贪吃导致落入猎人设下的陷阱，被网住。后来在鸽王的指导下带着网同时朝同一个方向飞，摆脱了猎人的捕杀。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一群鸽子飞了很远的距离但是没有找到任何食物。它们现在都非常累。Aexcited兴奋的； Bpleased高兴的； Ctire
7、d累的； Dsurprised惊奇的。空格前面一句话提到了它们飞了很远的距离，可推断这里应该指它们感到很累。故选C项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一只年轻的鸽子对鸽王说：“请让我们休息一会儿吧。”Arest休息； Bwalk走路； Cchance机会； Dstep步子。前一句提到它们很累，从逻辑上判断可知，这里指它们请求休息一会。take a rest为固定表达，意为“休息”。故选A项。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那只年轻的鸽子于是开始用力拍动自己的翅膀努力向前飞，不一会儿就把大家甩到了后面。Awings翅膀； Bclaws爪子； Cfeet脚； Dhands手。主语是鸽子，且
8、通过后半句把其他鸽子甩到了后面可知，这里指鸽子用尽力气使劲拍动翅膀往前飞。wings做wave的宾语。故选A项。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，它飞回来对大家说：“我看到下面有很多谷物”。Acorn玉米； Brice大米； Cpeas豌豆； Dgrains谷物。下一句话提到all the doves started rushing towards the grains under a tree，所有的鸽子都冲下了树下的谷物。所以这里指谷物。故选D项。【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然鸽王说道：“有问题，可能是陷阱。”ASadly可悲地； BGladly高兴地； CSudd
9、enly突然； DGradually慢慢地。正当鸽子们往下冲的时候，鸽王突然发出了警告。C项符合文意。故选C项。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是鸽子们太饿了，而且那些谷物太诱人了。Aangry生气的； Bhungry饥饿的； Cthirsty渴的； Dsleepy瞌睡的。结合上下文，鸽子们飞了很长的路程，又累又饿，看到食物就一头往下冲。B项符合文意。故选B项。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有理会鸽王的警告，它们冲下去就开始吃谷物。Akidding玩笑； Bwarning警告； Clying谎言； Dcheating欺骗。上文第5空鸽王说道：“有问题，可能是陷阱。”这是鸽王对它
10、们的警告。B项符合文意。故选B项。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：美餐一顿之后，它们想要飞走却发现自己被网给困住了。Aparty聚会； Bdream美梦； Cbreak休息； Dmeal美食。结合上下文，鸽子们看到树下的谷物就急忙冲下去饱餐一顿。A big meal意为“一顿美餐”。D项符合文意，故选D项。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你们试着带着网同时朝一个方向飞。所有的鸽子都照做。Anet网； Bgrains谷物； Chunter猎手； Dleader领导，领头的人。根据最后一段So all the doves flew away together with the net，可知
11、此处指鸽王让鸽子们带着网同时朝同一方向飞。A项符合文意。故选A项。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，它们看到一位猎人向它们走来。Adog狗； Bfarmer农民； Chunter猎手； Dcat猫。下一句鸽王命令所有的鸽子赶快一起飞，可知有危险靠近。最后一句提到 The hunter couldnt believe what he had just seen。可知空格处为猎人来了。故选C项。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）These days computer games have become more and more _11_ (popularity
12、) in many cities and towns. A lot of small shops along busy streets have changed into computer game houses in order _12_ (get) more money. These places are always crowded _13_ people. In the computer game houses, people spend a lot of money _14_ (match) on the machines. Its hard for one to beat a co
13、mputer, _15_ one can do well after trying again and again. People want to win when they play computer games. The more they lose, _16_ more they want to win, and at last they even cant live without it. The result is that some people dont want to work and they play in computer game houses for hours an
14、d hours. For students, things are even _17_ (bad). They dont want to have lessons. When school is over, they rush to the computer game houses near _18_ (they) schools. Some of them can get enough money from their _19_ (parent). But some of them have to steal or rob others. Computer game addiction _2
15、0_ (be) a serious problem in our life. Something has to be done to stop it.【答案】11. popular 12. to get 13. with 14. matching 15. but 16. the 17. worse 18. their 19. parents 20. is【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了许多人因无法忍受电脑游戏的诱惑而逐渐成瘾最后走上歧途，这个严重的问题警告人们小心这些诱惑。【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：当今，在许多城市乡村，电脑已经变得越来越流行。根据句意可知，此处使用形容词比较级mo
16、re and more译为“越来越”，其后应为形容词，故将名词popularity改为形容词popular。故填popular。【12题详解】考查不定式。句意：为了赚钱，许多沿街的小店已经改成电脑游戏屋。该句考查in order to do sth译为“为了做”，此处to不定式做目的状语。故填to get。【13题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这些地方总是挤满人。此处考查固定搭配be crowded with译为“充满，满是”。故填with。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：在电脑游戏屋，人们花很多的钱来匹配游戏。该句考查句式：sb spend timemoney (in) doing sth译为“花
17、费时间（金钱）做某事”。故填matching。15题详解】考查连词。句意：对于一个人来说击败电脑是很难的，但是在一次次的尝试之后就能做的很好。分析句子可知，前后句构成转折关系，but译为“但是”表示转折关系。故填but。【16题详解】考查定冠词。句意：他们输的越多，越想赢，最后什么都不剩。该句考查比较级句式：The more, the more译为“越来越”。故填the。【17题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：对于学生来说，事情可能会变得更糟。该句设空处前为even，其用在比较级前，加强语气，表示程度，故设空处应为形容词bad的比较级worse。故填worse。【18题详解】考查代词。句意：当学
18、校放学，学生们朝他们学校附近的电脑游戏屋跑去。结合句意可知，设空处修饰名词schools，且主语为students，表示他们的学校，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：一些学生是从他们父母那要钱。结合句意可知，设空处前为their，其后应用名词复数形式，故填parents。【20题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：电脑游戏成瘾是我们现在生活一个严峻问题。分析该句可知，主语为Computer game addiction，谓语为单数，故填is。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，
19、选出最佳选项。AThe University Science LibraryThe University Science Library holds collections in Engineering, Geography, Life Sciences, Management, Mathematical and Physical Sciences.Self-service facilities are provided for borrowing, renewing and returning one week and standard loan books. There is also a
20、 dedicated self-service Short Loan Collection for overnight loans. Print journals are not borrow able in the Science Library.Borrowing, Renewing and MoreFour quick and easy to use loans machines are located in the Learning Laboratory on the ground floor. Just scan the barcode on the back of your Lib
21、rary card and enter your PIN number (set initially as 4 digits, DDMM of your birthday) to borrow and renew your books, to check reservations and view your Library account.ReturningThe Learning Laboratory also has two machines for returning one week and standard loan books (including books borrowed f
22、rom Store). Unlike an ordinary book drop, the machines will clear the books from your Library account immediately. When you have returned all of your books, the machine will produce a receipt for your records.Remember that you can return as many books as you want, but only one at a time.Short-loan c
23、ollection roomShort loan books are currently stored in the cafe on the ground floor. Please use the machine in this room to borrow and return books.CafeWe have a cafe on the ground floor of the Science Library selling hot and cold drinks and cold snacks, but please remember that eating is not permit
24、ted in the reading rooms on the upper levels.Opening hours:Monday: Open from 08:45Tuesday Friday: 24 hour openingSaturday: 24 hour opening until 21:00Sunday: 11:00-21:00 (holders of the University Library cards only)21. What subject may not be covered in the University Library?A. Literature.B. Biolo
25、gy.C. Chemistry.D. Geography.22. Which of the following statements is right about the University Library?A. Both food and books are sold in the cafe.B. Eating is only allowed on the ground floor of the University Library.C. All the books and magazines in the University Library can be borrowed.D. All
26、 the books can be returned at a time by using the machines in the Learning Laboratory.23. If you dont have the University Library card, you can NOT borrow books on .A. SundayB. MondayC. ThursdayD. Saturday【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了大学科学图书馆的一些信息，包括藏书类别，自动借书还书和续借的程序，图书的分布，咖啡馆位置，开放时间等。【21题详解】
27、细节理解题。根据第一段中的The University Science Library holds collections in Engineering, Geography, Life Sciences, Management, Mathematical and Physical Sciences.可知，大学科学图书馆收藏了工程、地理、生命科学、管理、数学和物理科学方面的书籍。由此可知，大学科学图书馆没有收藏文学方面的书籍。故选A。22题详解】细节理解题。根据Cafe部分中的We have a cafe on the ground floor of the Science Library s
28、elling hot and cold drinks and cold snacks, but please remember that eating is not permitted in the reading rooms on the upper levels.可知，我们在科学图书馆的一层有一个咖啡馆，出售冷热饮料和冷食，但是请记住，上层的阅览室是不允许吃东西的。由此可知，大学科学图书馆只允许在一楼吃东西。故选B。23题详解】细节理解题。根据Opening hours部分Sunday: 11:00-21:00 (holders of the University Library card
29、s only)可知，星期日：11:00-21:00（只限持有大学图书证人士）。由此可知，没有大学图书证的人周日不能去，其他时间可以去。故选A。BGo. Stop. Go. Stop. The travel signals in my head were conflicting. “Are you sure you want to head to Greece this November with Kathleen?” asked my husband. “The weather could be unpleasant.”“You must go,” said my friend Larry,
30、who talked about having spent Thanksgiving on Santorini. “Its a wonderland. ”With his encouraging words, I booked our flights to Athens and included two Greek islands: Santorini and Grete.A sunny Saturday afternoon welcomed us to Eleftherios Venizelos Airport in Athens. During the next few days Kath
31、leen and I tried a lot of unknown-to-us foods. No annoying lines of tourists either as we saw sights on the Athens “A” list.And then came Wednesday. The flight to Santorini was yo-yoed by wind gusts of up to 40 miles an hour. Fira, usually a much-photographed tourist destination, was chilly, rainy e
32、mpty. With rain beating our faces, Kathleen and I headed for our hotel and checked in for a three-night stay.“This isnt how I want to spend my holiday,” said Kathleen. “Maybe Crete isnt experiencing the same storm. Can we fly out later today? ”Her question mirrored my own thoughts. But we couldnt le
33、ave. Wed just arrived. Payments for the hotel and rental car would be lost, and costly last-minute plane reservations needed. “Lets not decide right now,” I suggested.During the next few days, we drove around despite the showers. At a restaurant named Poseidon, on our third night, we waited and wait
34、ed for dinner. “Your dinner will be out shortly. The chef was busy studying something beautiful,” our waiter explained.Seeing our puzzled look, the waiter then said, “He went out for a smoke, saw a beautiful girl and began to chat”Suddenly, Kathleen laughed. Instead of complaining, she leaned back a
35、nd out came a loud, happy sound.An attitude adjustment into grace, I realized, had been happening since our arrival. “You know, Mum, you cant live a positive life with a negative mind,” she said.Grace surrounds us. The challenge is to let go of anxieties and worries, the tendency to complain. A sunn
36、y attitude can let grace shine.24. What did the authors husband think about her trip to Greece?A. It was pleasant.B. It was ill-advised.C It would be costly.D. It would be eye-opening.25. How were the authors first few days in Greece?A. Delightful.B. Busy.C. Struggling.D. Annoying.26. Why did the au
37、thor insist on their staying in Santorini?A. To wait for sunny days.B. To avoid wasting money.C. To enjoy the off-season.D. To deeply explore the place.【答案】24. B 25. A 26. B 【解析】本文是记叙文。作者和女儿去希腊旅游，后几天遭遇坏天气，但积极思考让她们摆脱了坏心情。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们：我们不要带着消极的思想过积极的生活，我们所面临的挑战是要放弃焦虑和忧虑，放弃抱怨。阳光的态度可以让优雅发光。【24题详解】推理判断题
38、。根据第一段中的“Are you sure you want to head to Greece this November with Kathleen?” asked my husband. “The weather could be unpleasant.”可知，“你确定今年11月要和凯萨琳一起去希腊吗？”我丈夫问。“天气可能不太好。”由此推知，丈夫认为11月她去希腊旅游的决定是不明智的。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的A sunny Saturday afternoon welcomed us to Eleftherios Venizelos Airport in Ath
39、ens. During the next few days Kathleen and I tried a lot of unknown-to-us foods. No annoying lines of tourists either as we saw sights on the Athens “A” list.可知，一个晴朗的周六下午，我们来到了雅典的Eleftherios Venizelos机场。在接下来的几天里，凯萨琳和我尝试了许多不知名的美国食物。当我们看到雅典“A”名单上的景点时，也没有恼人的游客队伍。由此可知，作者和女儿旅游的前几天是愉快的。故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据
40、第七段中的But we couldnt leave. Wed just arrived. Payments for the hotel and rental car would be lost, and costly last-minute plane reservations needed.可知，但是我们不能离开。我们刚刚到达。酒店和租车的费用将被取消，最后一刻的昂贵机票预订也将被取消。由此可知，作者坚持呆在Santorini是为了避免浪费钱。故选B。CThe latest sports craze is not even a sport. According to a recent art
41、icle, “e-sports” are attracting a large number of audience.In e-sports, players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill arenas to watch the action live on huge television screens.The games have gone way past kids playing against each other while sitt
42、ing on a sofa at home. The International, a major competition for players of Dota 2, awarded $24 million in prizes, with the winner taking home almost $11 million. A recent e-sports competition attracted more than 80,000 fans to the Olympic Stadium in Beijing, China.I have to admit that I am not a b
43、ig fan of computer games. I know that some games can be educational, but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.And please
44、dont tell me that competitive gaming is real sport because it requires hand-eye coordination. According to my American Heritage Dictionary, a sport is “an activity involving physical exertion and skill.” I dont think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.Too often, regular sports send
45、kids a kind of message. Competition starts early, when lots of kids are not ready for the ups and downs of games. Tryouts and travel teams come next, giving too many kids the message they are “not good” at sports. So lots of kids quit sports and start playing more video games.Maybe everyone in youth
46、 sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.27. What are “e-sports” according to the text?A. Sports events on television screens.B. Video computer game competitions.C. The latest sports in the Olympic Games.D. Easy sports games for kids.28. Wha
47、t might the author think of “e-sports”?A. They are not instructive.B. They should be banned in school.C. They need too much time and money.D. They have some negative influence on children.29. What does the underlined word “exertion” in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Growth.B. Fitness.C. Effort.D. Energy.30. Wh
48、at is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To introduce a new kind of sport.B. To introduce a competition held in Beijing.C. To explain the importance of playing sports.D. To call on people to pay more attention to traditional sports.【答案】 B D C D【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文中作者介绍了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。建议我们
49、看到真正运动的好处，呼吁人们更多地关注传统体育。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的In e-sports, players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill arenas to watch the action live on huge television screens.可知，在电子竞技中，玩家和团队在Dota2和Ovenvatch等流行的电子游戏中竞争。粉丝们挤满了球场，在巨大的电视屏幕上观看现场直播。由此可知，电子竞技是电脑游戏的比赛。
50、故选B。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的I know that some games can be educational, but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.(我知道有些游戏是有教育意
51、义的，但我认为太多的孩子花太多的时间坐在屏幕前射击外星人。我认为如果孩子们能花更多的时间来阅读或玩真正的运动，比如篮球、棒球和足球，那就更好了)及第五段中的I dont think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.(我认为没有人会在玩电子游戏时大汗淋漓)和最后一段中的Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.(也许每个年轻
52、人，包括教练、父母和孩子，都应该多想想体育运动的好处)可推知，作者认为电子竞技对孩子们造成了一些消极影响。故选D。【29题详解】词义猜测题。此处是作者从美国传统辞典上查阅的关于运动的定义，an activity involving physical exertion and skill.划线词语由physical修饰，结合常识和下句much of a sweat可知，此处指体力活动，身体的努力。与选项中的Effort同义。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。文中作者介绍了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。根据第四段中的I think it would be better if kids
53、 spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.(我认为如果孩子们能花更多的时间来阅读或玩真正的运动，比如篮球、棒球和足球，那就更好了)和最后一段中的Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.(也许每个年轻人，包括教练、父母和孩子，都应该多想想体育运动的好处)可知，作
54、者呼吁人们应该更多地关注传统体育。故选D。【点睛】词义猜测题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。本文中考查的是生词词义猜测。这种题型的解法主要是在划线词所在句子的前后找到该句话的同义句或者释义句，再根据同义句或者释义句的意思推断出划线单词的意思。例如本文第3题，此处是作者从美国传统辞典上查阅的关于运动的定义，an activity involving physical exertion and skill.划线词语由physical修饰，结合常识和下句much of a sweat可知，此处指体力活动，身体的努力。与选项中的Effor
55、t同义。故选C。DLanguage is perhaps the most distinctive of human characteristics, but its evolution remains a mystery. Our communication is enhanced by turn taking (轮流说话) or the orderly exchange of communicative signals which has been found to be largely universal across cultures. But this turn-taking beh
56、avior is actually widespread across the animal kingdom, according to a large-scale review of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turn-taking across all species is fine
57、timing. For example, in some species of songbird, the gap between the calls of two different birds is often less than 50 milliseconds. On the other hand, communication in some species is much slower. As for sperm whales, the gap between each vocal exchange is around two seconds. In humans, there is
58、usually a gap of roughly 200 milliseconds between turns in a conversation.While many studies have focused on turn-taking behavior in animals, we still know very little about it, partly because the reports are so varied that large-scale cross-species comparison is all but impossible, according to the
59、 researchers. “Overall, direct comparisons of turn-taking skills of non-human animals in relation to language origins are highly limited by lack of data, the application of different terms, different study methods and study environments, the authors wrote in the study.” Furthermore, investigations h
60、ave so far mainly been focusing on single call types or songs of species, limiting a deeper understanding of the variability of turning-taking systems found in the animal kingdom.In light of this, the researchers proposed a new framework for future studies on turn-taking to make cross-species compar
61、isons easier. “The goal of the framework is to promote large-scale cross-species comparisons”, Kobin Kendrick, from the University of Yorks Department of Language and Linguistic Science, said in a statement. “Such a framework will allow researchers to trace the history of this evolution of remarkabl
62、e turn-taking behavior and solve old questions about the origins of human language.”31. What can we learn from the text?A. Turn-taking behavior in all species is well timed.B. Language is the least distinctive of human characteristics.C. The gap between turns in a human conversation is about two sec
63、onds.D. Relatively speaking, the gap between the calls of two birds is longer.32. What makes the non-human animal language studies difficult according to the text?a. Lack of data. b. Lack of money.c. Varied reports and studies. d. The application of different terms.A. a b cB. b c dC. a b dD. a c d33
64、. We can infer from the text that .A. cross-species comparison is the hardest to study in the evolution of languageB. turn-taking in animal communication between species is difficult to findC. non-human language studies should be focused on single call typesD. the turn-taking behavior of animals is
65、similar to that of human beings34. Why did the researchers put forward a new framework?A. To encourage more studies on the evolution of turn-taking behaviour.B. To build a link between animal communication and human language.C. To make large-scale cross-species comparisons of turn-taking easier.D. T
66、o guide other researchers in how to study animal communication.【答案】31. A 32. D 33. D 34. C【解析】本文是说明文。研究发现轮流说话行为实际上在动物界也很普遍，动物的轮流说话行为与人类相似。但对动物语言的研究还存在许多困难，研究者们不断提出新方法来促进大规模的跨物种比较。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的But this turn-taking behavior is actually widespread across the animal kingdom, according to a large-
67、scale review of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.(但是，根据发表在英国皇家学会哲学学报B：生物科学上的一篇大规模研究综述，这种轮流的行为实际上在动物王国中很普遍)可知，这种轮流说话的行为实际上在动物界很普遍。再根据第二段中的In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turn-taking across all speci
68、es is fine timing.(在这项研究中，研究人员强调，所有物种轮流的标志之一是良好的时机)并列举了鸣鸟、抹香鲸和人类声音间隔的例子。由此可知，所有物种的轮流说话行为都是有定时性的。故选A。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，报告差异很大，缺乏数据，不同术语的运用加剧了非人类动物语言研究的困难。缺乏资金未提到。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的But this turn-taking behavior is actually widespread across the animal kingdom, according to a large-scale rev
69、iew of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.(但是，根据发表在英国皇家学会哲学学报B：生物科学上的一篇大规模研究综述，这种轮流的行为实际上在动物王国中很普遍)可知，这种轮流说话的行为实际上在动物界很普遍。再根据第二段中的In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turn-taking across all species is fin
70、e timing.(在这项研究中，研究人员强调，所有物种轮流的标志之一是良好的时机)可知，定时性是所有物种轮流说话行为的标志之一。由此推知，动物的轮流说话行为与人类相似。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的In light of this, the researchers proposed a new framework for future studies on turn-taking to make cross-species comparisons easier. “The goal of the framework is to promote large-scale cr
71、oss-species comparisons”(鉴于此，研究人员提出了一个新的框架，未来的研究转向，使跨物种比较更容易。“该框架的目标是促进大规模的跨物种比较”)可知，研究人员提出的一个未来研究的新框架的目标是促进大规模的跨物种比较。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。A new coronavirus, a cousin of the SARS virus, has infected more than 200 people since the outbreak began in Wuhan,
72、 China, in December. Scientist Leo Poon, who first decoded the virus, thinks it likely started in an animal and spread to humans. The World Health Organization offered guidance to countries. _35_What is a coronavirus_36_ In rare cases, they are what scientists call zoonotic (人畜共患病), meaning they can
73、 be transmitted from animals to humans, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Coronavirus symptomsThe viruses can make people sick, usually with a mild to moderate upper respiratory (呼吸的) tract illness, similar to a common cold. Coronavirus symptoms include a runny nose, cou
74、gh, sore throat, possibly a headache and maybe a fever. _37_For those with a weakened immune system, the elderly and the very young, theres a chance the virus could cause a lower, and much more serious, respiratory tract illness like a pneumonia or bronchitis._38_ Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, a
75、lso known as the MERS virus, was first reported in the Middle East in 2012 and also causes respiratory problems, but those symptoms are much more severe. Three to four out of every 10 patients infected with MERS died, according to the CDC. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, also known as SARS, is th
76、e other coronavirus that can cause more severe symptoms. First identified in the Guangdong province in southern China, according to the WHO, it causes respiratory problems but can also cause diarrhea, fatigue, shortness of breath, respiratory distress and kidney failure. It also results in death.How
77、 it spreadsViruses can spread from human contact with animals. _39_ With SARS, scientists suspected civet cats were to blame. When it comes to human-to-human transmission of the viruses, often it happens when someone comes into contact with the infected persons secretions.A. Here are several suggest
78、ions for you about a coronavirus.B. There are a handful of human coronaviruses that are known to be deadly.C. Scientists think MERS started in camels, according to the WHO.D. Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses that are common among animals.E. There are all kinds of coronaviruses existing in
79、the world.F. Here are several things you should know about a coronavirus.G. They can last for a couple of days.【答案】35. F 36. D 37. G 38. B 39. C【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了新冠状病毒的一些情况，包括什么是冠状病毒，冠状病毒的症状，危害及传播方式。【35题详解】上文介绍了新冠状病毒自去年12月在中国武汉爆发，世界卫生组织为各国提供了指导。下文是冠状病毒的详细情况，空处应该承上启下，F项：Here are several things you shou
80、ld know about a coronavirus.(下面是关于冠状病毒你应该知道的几件事)符合文意，故选F。【36题详解】本段标题是：什么是冠状病毒？空处应该对其定义，D项：Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses that are common among animals.(冠状病毒是一种常见的动物病毒)介绍了什么是冠状病毒，是对问题的回答。故选D。【37题详解】本段主要介绍冠状病毒的症状，上句介绍冠状病毒的症状包括流鼻涕，咳嗽，喉咙痛，可能是头痛，也可能是发烧。G项：They can last for a couple of days.(它
81、们可以持续几天)是介绍症状持续的时间，符合题意。They指代上句的Coronavirus symptoms。故选G。【38题详解】根据本段中Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, also known as the MERS virus,和Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, also known as SARS,可知，本段是介绍这两种冠状病毒对人类的危害。B项：There are a handful of human coronaviruses that are known to be deadly.(已知有几种人类冠状病毒是致命的
82、)概括了本段内容，引出下文。故选B。【39题详解】本段介绍冠状病毒的传播方式，上句介绍病毒可通过与动物接触传播，下句提到SARS的传播和 civet cats 有关，C项 Scientists think MERS started in camels, according to the WHO.(据世界卫生组织称，科学家认为MERS起源于骆驼)与下句并列，指出MERS可能和camels有关。故选C。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）The latest sports craze is not even a spo
83、rt. According to a recent article, “e-sports” are attracting a large number of audience.In e-sports, players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill arenas to watch the action live on huge television screens.The games have gone way past kids playing
84、against each other while sitting on a sofa at home. The International, a major competition for players of Dota 2, awarded $24 million in prizes, with the winner taking home almost $11 million. A recent e-sports competition attracted more than 80,000 fans to the Olympic Stadium in Beijing, China.I ha
85、ve to admit that I am not a big fan of computer games. I know that some games can be educational, but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, ba
86、seball and soccer.And please dont tell me that competitive gaming is real sport because it requires hand-eye coordination. According to my American Heritage Dictionary, a sport is “an activity involving physical exertion and skill.” I dont think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.To
87、o often, regular sports send kids a kind of message. Competition starts early, when lots of kids are not ready for the ups and downs of games. Tryouts and travel teams come next, giving too many kids the message they are “not good” at sports. So lots of kids quit sports and start playing more video
88、games.Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.40. What are “e-sports” according to the text?41. What might the author think of “e-sports”?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underlin
89、e it and explain why.A lot of e-sports are educational, and players and teams compete in popular video computer games, so, the writer writes this passage to call on people to play e-sports. 43. In your opinion, what is the strengths and drawbacks of e-sports? (about 40 words)【答案】40. Video computer g
90、ame competitions.41. They have some negative influence on children.42. A lot of e-sports are educational, and players and teams compete in popular video computer games, so, the writer writes this passage to call on people to play e-sports. According to the passage, the author thinks too many kids sp
91、end too much time sitting in front of a screen, and this has some negative influence on children. 【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文中作者介绍了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。建议我们看到真正运动的好处，呼吁人们更多地关注传统体育。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的In e-sports, players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill
92、 arenas to watch the action live on huge television screens.可知，在电子竞技中，玩家和团队在Dota2和Ovenvatch等流行的电子游戏中竞争。粉丝们挤满了球场，在巨大的电视屏幕上观看现场直播。由此可知，电子竞技是电脑游戏的比赛。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的I know that some games can be educational, but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space a
93、liens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.(我知道有些游戏是有教育意义的，但我认为太多的孩子花太多的时间坐在屏幕前射击外星人。我认为如果孩子们能花更多的时间来阅读或玩真正的运动，比如篮球、棒球和足球，那就更好了)及第五段中的I dont think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.(我认为没有人会在玩电子游戏时
94、大汗淋漓)和最后一段中的Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.(也许每个年轻人，包括教练、父母和孩子，都应该多想想体育运动的好处)可推知，作者认为电子竞技对孩子们造成了一些消极影响。【42题详解】文中作者介绍了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。根据第四段中的I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or
95、playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.(我认为如果孩子们能花更多的时间来阅读或玩真正的运动，比如篮球、棒球和足球，那就更好了)和最后一段中的Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.(也许每个年轻人，包括教练、父母和孩子，都应该多想想体育运动的好处)可知，作者呼吁人们应该更多地关注传统体育。第二节 书面表达（满分
96、20分）现代社会的发展要求我们有良好的人际关系。你班举行了一次讨论会，讨论如何交友。请根据下面的提示用英语写一篇发言稿，词数100左右。文章的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。1. 每个人都需要朋友，如何交友极为重要。2. 不管在何处，要让陌生人都能感到你的亲切。要关心别人，不要以貌取人。3. 与别人有分歧时，不要争吵，要商量。4. Everyone needs friends. A good personal relationship is especially important with the development of modem society, so how to make true
97、 friends is very important to everybody._【答案】Everyone needs friends. A good personal relationship is especially important with the development of modem society, so how to make true friends is very important to everybody.To make friends, you must be friendly to others. You should do your best to make
98、 a stranger feel at home, on matter where he happens to be. And dont judge a stranger only by his appearance.If you dont agree with others on certain matters, dont argue but discuss with them.You should think more of others than of yourselves.Finally, dont believe those who leave their friends when
99、they are in trouble. Because as the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed”.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇发言稿。【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，现代社会的发展要求我们有良好的人际关系。你班举行了一次讨论会，讨论如何交友。要求根据下面提示用英语写一篇发言稿。1. 每个人都需要朋友，如何交友极为重要。2. 不管在何处，要让陌生人都能感到你的亲切。要关心别人，不要以貌取人。3. 与别人有分歧时，不要争吵，要商量。4. 第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：personal rel
100、ationship, make true friends, be friendly, do your best, discuss, A friend in need is a friend indeed.第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。本文用一般现在时。第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如To make friends, you must be friendly to others.运用了不定式表目的；dont believe those who leave their friends when they are in trouble.运用了时间状语从句和定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
