1、话题素材好词1environment n. 环境2pollution n. 污染3threaten v. 威胁4effective adj. 有效的5action n. 行为，行动6appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事7take measures 采取措施8to make matters worse 使事情更糟糕的是9get.under control 使得以控制10come about 发生11out_of balance 失去平衡12stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事13have effect on 对有影响14keep the b
2、alance of nature 保持生态平衡15lead to 导致佳句1Lets take action to protect the_environment_from_now_on_ by_doing every little bit thing.让我们从现在做起，从点滴小事做起，保护环境吧！2It_is_likely_that they will benefit from what they have done.他们很有可能从自己的行为中受益。3It is everyones responsibility to make_good_use_of water, such as recyc
3、ling_and_saving_water_in_our_daily_life.充分利用水资源是我们每个人的责任，比如在日常生活中循环用水和节约用水。精美语篇Nowadays, the haze weather frequently appears in our country, which has not only done harm to peoples health, but also affected the public transportation. As a result, terrible accidents happen every now and then, and som
4、e freeways have to be shut down because of the low visibility.Obviously, air pollution is the main factor that has resulted in the frequency of haze weather, and at the same time, all kinds of dust and exhaust emissions from cars and buses have made the situation even worse.So proper measures should
5、 be adopted to deal with the serious problem. For students, opportunities for outdoor sports activities should be decreased, washing faces and hands with running water after each outing is also important, and do not forget to wear a goodquality mask to protect yourself while going outside. 高频单词1mass
6、 (adj.) 大量的；大规模的(n.) 块，团；群众2process (n.) 进程；过程3forecast (vt.) 预报；预告(n.) 预测，预报；预示4atmosphere (n.) 大气；大气层；气氛5recycle (v.) 重新利用；再循环6frightening (adj.) 吓人的；可怕的frighten (v.) 使惊吓，惊恐frightened (adj.) 害怕的；受惊吓的fright (n.) 惊吓7strength (n.) 力量；力气strengthen (vt.) 加强strong (adj.) 坚强的；强壮的strongly (adv.) 坚强地8chemi
7、cal (n.) 化学药品chemistry (n.) 化学chemist (n.) 化学家，药剂师9pollution (n.) 污染pollute (vt.) 污染10concerned (adj.) 关心的；担心的concern (n.& v) 关心，担心concerning (prep.) 关于11evidence (n.) 根据；证明evident (adj.) 明显的；显然的12major (adj.) 主要的，多数的majority (n.) 大多数13urgent (adj.) 紧急的urge (vt.) 催促；极力主张14complain (vi.) 抱怨；发牢骚compla
8、int (n.) 抱怨15protection (n.) 保护protect (vt.) 保护 重点短语1take_in吸收；理解；欺骗2give_out 分发；用尽；精疲力竭3cant_help_but 不得不4in_a_nutshell 概括地讲；简言之5look_through 浏览，查阅6cut_down 砍倒；削减；减少7be_caught_in 突然遭遇(风暴等)8one_after_another 一个接一个地9have_a_bad_effect_on 对有坏影响10wake_up_to 醒来面对；意识到 热点句型1appear to have done sth.“好像做了某事”
9、Sandstorms in China appear_to_have_increased_in_recent_years as a result of “desertification”(教材P32)由于“沙漠化”的影响，在中国沙尘暴在最近几年似乎增加了。2makeitadj./n.to do. it在句中充当形式宾语The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes_it_difficult_to_see.(教材P32)暴风雨有时持续一整天，车辆开得很
10、慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。3do nothing but do “只能做某事”He does nothing but_complain.(教材P36)他除了抱怨什么事也没做。4否定句中运用比较级表达最高级的含义。I couldnt agree with you more.(教材P36)我非常同意你的观点。5if/when/whenever possible 构成的省略句The garbage is then taken away and, if_possible,_recycled.(教材P39)然后把垃圾带走，如果可能的话，进行回收利用。 教材复现在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括
11、号内单词的正确形式1They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough _ move sand dunes.答案：to2The four main places in the world _ there are sandstorms are Central Asia, North America, Central Africa and Australia.答案：where3It was the most frightening and the most dang
12、erous situation Ive ever been _.答案：in4When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people _ to go out.答案：not5Its difficult to _ (breath) and the dust makes me ill.答案：breathe6Some countries are _ (good) than others at looking after _ environment.答案：better; the7In Europe, Germany and t
13、he northern European countries work very hard _ (improve) the environment.答案：to improve8_ the 1970s, as people learnt more about environmental problems, the “Green” movement began and soon _ (spread) all over Europe.答案：In; spread9It collects information about how industry is damaging the environment
14、 and gives this information to _ (newspaper)答案：newspapers10Find a friend who wants to improve his/her English. Agree to spend an hour together each week _ (speak) English.答案：speaking1strengthn力量；力气；长处；优势；强度；坚强The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives i
15、n Beijing, but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people.(P32)中国中央气象台能够在沙尘暴到达北京前几周预测到，但是有时沙尘暴的强度还是令人吃惊的。(1)strong adj. 强壮的；坚强的strengthen vt. 加强；巩固(2)with all ones strength 用上全身的力气strengths and weaknesses 优缺点build_up ones strength 强身健体；增强体质Practising Chinese Kungfu can not only build up on
16、es strength,_but also develop ones character.练习中国功夫不仅能够增强人的体质，还能培养人的性格。Each of us has our own strengths_and_weaknesses.我们每个人都有自己的强项和弱项。牛津高阶He pushed against the rock with all his strength.他用全力推那块石头。牛津高阶The ability to keep calm is one of her many strengths.能够保持冷静是她的多项长处之一。易混辨析strength指“力气、力量、体力”，还可以指
17、“优点、长处”energy在物理学定义中为“能，能量”，另外还可以指“精力、活力、干劲”force指“力、暴力、武力”，表示“力量”时，指人或物撞击时所用的力power能力；电力；权力选词填空(power/force/strength/energy)aIts beyond my _ to help you.bThe soldier took the prisoners away by _.cIve no _ to go further.dOld as he is, he is full of _.答案：a.powerbforcecstrengthdenergy2complainvi.抱怨；发牢
18、骚；投诉He does nothing but complain.(P36)他除了抱怨什么事也没有做。 (1)complain that. 抱怨complain about/of 关于投诉/抱怨complain to sb. 向某人抱怨(2)complaint n. 抱怨，投诉make a complaint 向某人抱怨/投诉牛津高阶Im going to complain_to the manager about this.我要就这件事向经理投诉。牛津高阶Id like to make_a_complaint about the noise.我要就噪音问题提出投诉。Its no use co
19、mplaining without taking action.不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。过关演练用括号内单词的正确形式填空12014辽宁高考And the best way to _ (strength) willpower is to make it into a habit.答案：strengthen句意：增强意志力的最好的办法就是使之成为一个习惯。考查动词strengthen。22014浙江高考If youre truly _ (concern), youll know when your neighbor needs some cheering up.答案：concerned句
20、意：如果你真的关心，你就会知道你的邻居什么时候需要鼓舞考查concern的形容词的用法。32014安徽高考So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the _ (major) of people. What should we do if a new building is needed?答案：majority考查名词形式。majority意为“大多数”。42014安徽高考To support these worthy causes, Ashoka provides mone
21、y for the worlD s most promising “changemakers” seeking to solve _ (urge) problems.答案：urgent句意：为了支持这项值得做的事业，“阿育王”组织给世界最有希望的“changemakers”提供资金试图解决一些迫切问题。urgent为urge的形容词：“紧急的，迫切的”。5The public urged that measures _ (take) by the government to prevent such cases from happening again.答案：(should) be taken
22、句意：公众强烈要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件的再次发生。urgethat从句，意为“极力主张；强烈要求”，从句中的谓语动词用(should)动词原形。62015北京高考One of their neighbors had written to _ (complain) about the sound of the piano.答案：complain由空前to可知此处为不定式，应填动词原形。 7.Do you let your kids travel alone at night?_ (absolute) not!答案：AbsolutelyAbsolutely not！“当然不！”。8As fa
23、r as I am _ (concern), you can do what you like.答案：concernedas far as I am concerned意为“在我看来，就我而言”。9Mike is a student at Harvard University, _ (major) in physics for a degree in Natural Science.答案：majoring句意：迈克是哈佛大学的一名学生，主修物理学，想要拿到自然科学学位。10The construction of the bridge is in _ (process)答案：process句意：
24、桥的建设在进展中。1cut down 砍倒；削减；缩小；驳倒This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.(P32)这是由于气候变化和人们砍伐树木、挖掘草地使土地沙漠化的一个过程。 2013天津高考The water supply has been cut_off temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the
25、 main pipes.水供应已临时中断，因为工人们正在维修其中的一个主管道。2014北京高考 If you want to cut_down_ on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a caf.如果你想削减开支，你可以早晨在家自制咖啡而不是去咖啡馆。人教5The scrapers were sharp enough to cut_up the meat and scrape the fish.这个刮刀很锋利可以切肉和割鱼鳞。人教1I think I ha
26、d at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut_out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope.我认为我做过十亿次检查了，有一次他们从我的大腿上切掉一块肉并在显微镜下观察它。2take in 吸收；收养；理解，理会；欺骗；改小(衣服)；(价格或费用里)包括Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.(P35)树吸收二氧化碳并放出氧气。翻译句子并写出下列句中take in的意思aO
27、n weekends the Smiths usually drive to the countryside and take in the fresh air there.()_b2014湖北高考It was several minutes before I took in what he was saying.()_cThis price takes in the cost of all the accommodation and food.()_d牛津高阶Dont be taken in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a
28、week.()_e2016枣庄模拟Some false advertisements are taking the countryside women as their targets, because they are easy to take in.()_答案：a.周末，史密斯一家常驱车到农村去呼吸那里的新鲜空气。(吸收，呼吸)b我花了好几分钟才理解他说的话。(理解)c这个价格包括食宿的一切费用。(包括在内)d不要被那些声称能在一周内帮你减肥的产品给骗了。(欺骗)e一些虚假广告以农村妇女为对象，因为她们较容易受骗。(欺骗)请写出下列take短语并熟记a_拆开，分开b_ 记下；写下；拆下c_
29、 脱下；起飞；请假；(事业)成功d_ 呈现；雇用；承担e_ 接收；接管f_ 占据；开始从事答案：a.take apartbtake downctake offdtake onetake overftake up3give out 分发；发布，公布(消息等)；发出、放出(光、热、气体等)；用完；耗尽；精疲力竭；失灵，停止起作用Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen. (P35)树吸收二氧化碳并放出氧气。 提示give out在表示“分发；分配；宣布；放出；发出(声音、气味等)”时是及物动词短语，但在表示“用尽；用完”时，与run out一
30、样是不及物动词短语，而use up和run out of是及物动词短语，有被动语态，主语往往是人。写出下列各句中give out的意思a现代英语用法词典You must go homeour money has given out._b朗文词典Students were giving out leaflets to everyone on the street._c朗文词典After two hours her patience gave out._d牛津高阶The radiator (散热器) gives out a lot of heat._e现代英语用法词典It was given ou
31、t that the Prime Minister had died suddenly._答案：a.被用完；耗尽b分发某物c耗尽，用光d发出，放出(光，热)e宣布过关演练选词填空cut down； look through； couldnt help but； take in； get caught in； give out； have effect on； in a nutshell12015课标全国卷Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and _ that heat slowly during cool
32、 nights, thus warming the house.答案：give out22013陕西高考My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has _.答案：cut down32013江苏高考I managed to rent a big enough house to _ a handful of people.答案：take in4_the article and give me the general idea.答案：Look through5She _ wonder what he was thinking
33、.答案：couldnt help but6I _ the rain and my suit has been ruined.答案：got caught in7Global warming is _ a great _ hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.答案：having; effect on8To put it _， were bankrupt (破产的)答案：in a nutshell1The garbage is then taken away and, if_possible,_recycled. (P39)然后把
34、垃圾带走，如果可能的话，进行回收利用。此处if possible相当于if it is possible，属于省略句，常在句中作插入语，起补充说明的作用。(1)在由when, if, unless, once, though, although, even if/even though, until, as if, as等引导状语从句时，如果状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或状语从句的主语为it，且从句的谓语部分含有be动词，可将状语从句的主语和be动词省略。(2)在when/whenever/if it is possible/necessary结构中将it_is省略，构成常见的when/wh
35、enever/if possible/necessary结构。(3)if any如果有的话；if so如果是这样的话；if ever如果曾经有过的话；if not如果不这样的话；if necessary如果有必要的话。2014福建高考改编The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if_ever,_reaching 30 in summer.这里的气候宜人，夏天的气温极少达到30摄氏度。人教2If_so,_what did you do to grow them?如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植它们(这些植物)?201
36、5北京高考If accepted for the job, youll be informed soon.如果你被录用干这份工作的话，你会很快被通知的。2012湖南高考Time, used (use) correctly, is money in the bank.如果使用得当，时间就是银行里的钱。过关演练完成句子1I wont go to the party _.除非被邀请，不然我不会去参加那个晚会。答案：unless invited2He will, _ go abroad for further study.如果可能的话，他会出国深造。答案：if possible3New technol
37、ogies have _ turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.新的技术已经让以更低的成本更快地生产出新的产品成为可能。答案：made it possible to42015湖南高考Video games can be a poor influence if _ (leave) in the wrong hands.电子游戏如果使用不当就会产生不良影响。答案：left动词不定式不定式时态构成及用法(1)形式：主动to do/被动to be done(2)进行式为to be doing完成式主动为to have done/被动to ha
38、ve been done12015山西大同模拟Im very sorry _(keep) you waiting so long.答案：to have keptbut 不定式(1)不定式动词在介词but, except后面使用时，如这些介词前有行为动词do的某种形式，则介词后的不定式不带to, 否则要带to。(2)在cant but, cant help but, cant choose but结构后，不定式不带to，常译为“不得不，只能”。2If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _(meet) an even greater
39、 challenge.答案：to meet不定式用法，可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语等32013山东高考改编I stopped the car _(take) a short break as I was feeling tired.答案：to take过关演练用括号内单词的正确形式填空12015江西五校一次联考Measures must be taken to prevent pollution for us _ (live) happily.答案：to live22015厦门适应性考试I am delighted _ (invite) to the strawberry farm
40、. I really had a good time there.答案：to have been invited3The morning air is so good _ (breathe)答案：to breathe42014重庆高考Group activities will be organized after class _ (help) children develop team spirit.答案：to help52014四川高考I hope to take the computer course.Good idea. _ (find) out more about it, visit this website.答案：To find