1、Section Grammar&Writing过去分词(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)作宾补时，表示被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。作宾补的过去分词与宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。过去分词作宾语补足语一、常见的过去分词作宾补的情况1使役动词 have,get,make,leave,keep 等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。She raised her voice to make herself heard by all the people in the hall.她提高了嗓音让大厅里的人都能听见她说的话。点津“have宾语过去分词”可以表示三种含义：(1)表示“让
2、某人做某事”I have had my bike repaired.我让人修了我的自行车。(2)表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。(3)做完某事(主语可能参与其中)The villagers had many trees planted just then.就在那时，村民们种了许多树。考题印证1(四川高考改编)Before driving into the city,you are required to get your car (wash
3、)(陕西高考改编)Claire had her luggage (check)an hour before her plane left.(重庆高考改编)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself (remind)of his own dreams.washedcheckedreminded2感官动词 see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find 等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。I saw an old man knocked down by a car just no
4、w.刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。When I came in,I found a strange girl seated in the corner.我进去时发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。考题印证2(四川高考改编)The manager was satisfied to see many new products (develop)after great effort.developed3表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如 like,want,wish,order 等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语，相当于过去分词前省略了to be。The father wants his daughter taugh
5、t the piano.这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。They are talking about the plan they wish carried out next year.他们正在谈论着希望明年能实施的这个计划。4在“with宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语，过去分词与宾语之间为动宾关系。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。She usually works in her study with the door locked.她通常锁着门在书房工作。The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied be
6、hind back.凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。考题印证3(山东高考改编)The living room is clean and tidy,with a dining table already (lay)for a meal to be cooked.laid二、过去分词作宾补与其他非谓语动词作宾补的区别1及物动词的过去分词作宾补时，表示被动，说明宾语是过去分词动作的承受者；不及物动词的过去分词作宾补时，表示动作的完成，说明分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前。We have our classroom cleaned after school every day.每天放学后我们把教室打扫
7、干净。(classroom 与 clean 之间为逻辑上的被动关系)When I got home,I found my wallet gone.当回到家时，我发现我的钱包丢了。(“丢”这一动作已经完成)2用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行且与宾语构成主谓关系。When I came here,I saw Li Lei reading an English book.当我来到这儿，我看到李蕾正在读一本英文书。(“读书”这一动作正在进行)3不定式作宾补时，一般表示不定式的动作在谓语动词之后发生，但动词 feel,see,hear,watch,notice,observe 后的不定式作宾补时
8、(不定式的 to 须省略)，表示不定式动作的全过程。The teacher will have Li Lei clean the classroom today.今天老师将让李蕾打扫教室。(Li Lei 与 clean 之间为逻辑上的主动关系，clean 这一动作发生在 have 之后)I heard Wei Fang sing this song.我听到魏芳唱了这首歌。(“我”听见了“唱”的整个过程)考题印证4(北京高考改编)When we saw the road (block)with snow,we decided to spend the holiday at home.(辽宁高考改
9、编)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog (follow)them.(陕西高考改编)Let those in need (understand)that we will go all out to help them.blockedfollowingunderstand.单句语法填空1When I came back to my hometown ten years later,I found it completely (change)2I want him (finish)t
10、he homework in time.3My father had had the house (paint)before we moved in.4The end of the story left me (puzzle)5I turned around because I heard someone (speak)my hometown dialect.changedto finishpaintedpuzzledspeaking6Wherever we go,we will find this kind of products(advertise).7To learn English w
11、ell,we should find opportunities to hear English (speak)as well as to practice speaking it.8Nowadays,more and more people like to hunt for what they want at and have them(deliver)by the express company.advertisedspokendelivered.完成句子1(所有的工作都做完了),I feel very relaxed now.2He didnt notice (他的钱包被偷了)3The
12、students wouldnt like (讨论的这个问题)at the moment.4When we got to school,we (看见门锁着)5I am very busy now.Id like to _(代送小孩去上学)With all the work donehis wallet stolenthe problem discussedsaw the door lockedhave my little child takento school6Be careful,or youll (弄伤手)7He spoke slowly to (让人明白)8When he woke u
13、p,he found himself _(被一群孩子围着)have your hands hurtmake himself understoodsurrounded by a groupof children有外商来某工业开发区(Industrial Development Zone)参观访问，请你陪他们参观，向他们介绍工业开发区的情况。介绍要点如下：1工业开发区面积 5 平方千米，有 10 家工厂和 3 个仓库(storehouse)；2工业区交通发达，位于长江西岸，有高速公路从工业区穿过，离市区只有半小时的公交车程；3水电供应齐全，管理服务优良；4工业区还将扩大，双方都会受益。景点介绍类说
14、明文Ladies and gentlemen，You are welcome to our Industrial Development Zone.Now let me give you a brief introduction to the zone.Our zone covers an area of five square kilometers and there are ten factories and three storehouses.It is very convenient in transportation because our zone is near to the n
15、ational road.It only takes half an hour to go to the downtown by bus.Situated by the west bank of Changjiang River,our zone enjoys an advantage of water transportation.Besides,our zone is well supplied with power and water.The management and service are excellent.Our zone will be enlarged and you ar
16、e welcome to build factories in this zone.Im sure you will have a lot of business opportunities here and we will both enjoy business benefit.第一段开门见山点明介绍工业区的主题。第二段从面积、交通、基础设施等方面详细介绍开发区情况，并在最后表达良好祝愿。亮点一：本文中运用了一些高级词汇，如 convenient,excellent,besides,is well supplied with,enjoy an advantage of 等，为文章增色不少。亮
17、点二：句中运用了 because 引导的原因状语从句；句中运用了 It only takes half an hour to do.句式；句中运用了“过去分词作状语”结构。这些句式的运用，使行文规范，语言更加流畅。写好景点介绍类说明文要注意下列问题：1介绍景点，如景点的历史、地理位置、面积、气候、自然资源和居民等，要客观、科学，使用的语言要简单明了、准确、生动，不能随意加上自己的评论。2写作时要抓住景点的主要特征，注意安排好说明顺序，选择合适的说明方法，描述要详略得当、重点突出。3由于说明文多是对客观事物的描述，所以并不需要用过于复杂的时态，通常用一般现在时。4要注意行文的连贯性，恰当地使用过
18、渡词，采用多种表达方式，以免让人感到乏味。要做到措辞准确，要点齐全，行文流畅，条理清晰。黄金表达1介绍地理位置：There is/stands/lies.lies/is located/is situated on/to/in.In/On/To the west/north.is/lies/stands.2景物描写：take on a new look/a place of interest/be rich in/be famous/well-known for/be dotted with/be covered with/be surrounded byIt looks as if.One
19、of the most.attraction is.Another attraction is.巴黎是法国的首都，也是一个梦幻般的城市，每年吸引世界各地大批游客来观光游玩。请根据以下要点，以“Paris”为题用英语写一篇介绍巴黎的短文。内容要点：1地理位置：法国北部。2人口：大约 1 300 万。3气候：不太热也不太冷，春季和秋季最好。4基本情况：欧洲第二大城市；法国的文化、教育、商业中心；时尚与浪漫之都，很多重大活动在此举行；有悠久的历史和丰富的旅游资源，最著名的有埃菲尔铁塔(the Eiffel Tower)、凯旋门(Arc de Triomphe)和圣母院(Notre Dame Cath
20、edral)等。注意：1不要逐条翻译，可增加细节，以使行文连贯；2词数：100 左右。Paris参考范文：ParisParis,a very beautiful city in the world,the capital of France,is located in the north of France.It has a population of about thirteen million.It is the second largest city in Europe.As for the weather,it never gets too hot or too cold.And it
21、 is at its best during spring and autumn.Paris is the culture,education and business center of France.It is a city of fashion and romance.So many important events have been held here.It is well-known that Paris is a modern city with a long history and rich tour resources.There are so many places for people to visit.The most famous are the Eiffel Tower,Arc de Triomphe and Notre Dame Cathedral,and so on.In a word,Paris is really a great and attractive city.