1、Section Grammar_&_Writing一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句第一单元详细讲述了虚拟语气用于与现在事实相反和与将来事实可能相反的非真实条件句，所以本单元学习与过去事实相反的非真实条件句。主句和从句的形式如下。从句if主语had过去分词主句 主语would/should/could/mighthave过去分词虚拟语气()If he had won the game,he wouldnt have been so sad.如果他赢得比赛的话，他就不会那么悲伤了。If you had taken my advice,you would not have failed in the e
2、xams.如果你当时听取我的忠告，你考试不会不及格的。考题印证 1(天津高考改编)(have)he caught the morning train,he would not have been late for the meeting.(湖南高考改编)If Mr.Dewey (be)present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.(江苏高考改编)I should not have laughed if I(think)you were serious.Hadhad beenhad though
3、t二、错综时间虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”。动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。If she had studied hard,she would be a college student now.如果她努力学习了，她现在就是一名大学生了。(从句说明过去，主句说明现在)If I were you,I would have taken his advice.如果我是你，我就会接受他的建议了。(从句说明现在，主句说明过去)点津 错综时间虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合。这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，更重要的是事实
4、和假设的混合。I would have gone to Beijing with her last week,but I was fully occupied.上周我本来会和她去北京的，但我太忙了。(北京高考改编)We (be)back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.(北京高考改编)If we (book)a table earlier,we wouldnt be standing here in a queue.考题印证 2would behad booked三、含蓄虚拟语气虚拟条件隐含在上下文中或通过 without,or,but,o
5、therwise等表示，这时可根据语境及具体意义采用虚拟形式。What would I have done without you?如果没有你我该怎么办呢？But for your help,we couldnt have finished the work on time.如果没有你的帮助，我们就不可能按时完成工作。He was very busy yesterday,otherwise he would have come to the party.他昨天太忙了，否则的话，他就会来参加聚会了。A gentleman(If he had been a gentleman),he wouldn
6、t have done so.一位绅士是不会那样做的。考题印证 3(福建高考改编)Do you think George has passed the driving test?No.If so,he (drive)his car to our college yesterday.(天津高考改编)I (come)sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.would have drivenwould have come四、虚拟语气的其他用法1主语从句中的虚拟语气。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“(should)动词原形”的结构
7、，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。常用句型有：1It is necessary important，natural，strange，etc.that.2It was a pity a shame，no wonder，etc.that.3It will be desired suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc.that.It is necessary that we(should)learn English well.我们学好英语是必要的。It is a pity that Lucy(should)be so careless.真遗憾露
8、西竟这样粗心。It is suggested that we(should)start before sunset.建议我们日落前出发。点津 这种从句表示的是事实。如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇等情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that 从句也可用陈述句语气。It is a pity that you cant go with us.很遗憾你不能和我们一起去。2同位语从句和表语从句中的虚拟语气。表示建议、要求、命令等的名词，如 advice,idea,order,demand,plan,proposal,suggestion,request 等，后跟表语从句和同位语从句时，从
9、句中的谓语动词用(should)动词原形。My advice is that we(should)tell him the news.我的建议是我们应该告诉他这个消息。He gave the advice that we(should)do the work carefully.他建议我们认真做这项工作。3as if/as though 从句以及 if only 后的句子常用虚拟语气。as if/as though/if only时间谓语动词的虚拟形式与过去相反had过去分词与现在相反一般过去时(be动词用were)与将来相反would/could/might动词原形He talked abo
10、ut the accident as if he had seen it.他谈起这次事故来好像他看到了一样。If only I had been to London.要是我去过伦敦就好了。点津 如果 as if/as though 后的从句有明显的迹象表示可能发生，则不用虚拟语气。It is so cloudy.It looks as if it is going to rain.阴天，似乎要下雨了。考题印证 4(重庆高考改编)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I (do)it?4Its(high/
11、about)time 后的从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词常用过去时，也可用 should动词原形，但should 一般不省略。It is high time you went to school.到你该上学的时间了。had done.完成句子1He made a suggestion that the English test(推迟)until next Wednesday.2If only I (遇见)the movie star!But I was then in the school doing papers.3When I first met him,it seemed as if he
12、 (没吃)food for days.4Look at the trouble were in.If only we (接受)our teachers advice!5Johns pale face suggested that he(病了)and his parents suggested that he (做)a medical examination.(should)be put offhad methadnt eatenhad takenwas ill(should)have6I thought it important that the meeting(推迟)7But for the
13、 help of my English teacher,I(不会赢得)the first prize in the English Writing Competition.8Excuse me,visiting hours are over.Its time for you to leave.Im sorry,I didnt know the time or I (离开)earlier.9Without the help of the PLA men,all 69 miners trapped in a flooded coal mine in Henan Province for three
14、 days _(不可能获救)10Its time that we (揭露)the accidentand everyone will insist on punishing the criminal.(should)be put offwould not have wonwould have leftcouldn thave been rescuedlifted/should lift the lid on.根据语气特点，用所给动词的适当形式填空Dear brother，Im now writing to you for your advice.How I wish you 1.(be)her
15、e with me!Yesterday afternoon,I went to a bookstore with one of my friends.After we went out,he showed me the book he had stolen.Considering he was wrong,I suggested he 2.(go)back to return it or pay for it.But he didnt listen to me,otherwise I 3._(not report)it to his mother.were(should)gowouldnt h
16、ave reportedNow Im really regretful.I would rather I 4.(not let)his mother know it.After all,he is my friend,without whose help,I 5._(not make)so rapid progress in study.But it is now obvious that he has begun to hate me.It seems as if we 6._ (not be)friends before.Can you advise what I 7._(do)now?8
17、(be)you in my position,what 9.(will)you do?I hope you 10.(can)give me some advice as soon as possible.Yours，Peterhadnt letwouldnt have madehadnt been(should)doWerewouldcan请将下面的英文短诗以“Reading is valuable”为题改写成一篇短文。I love reading books，Which are my best friends.They are an important bridge to a new wor
18、ld，Always helping me avoid getting puzzled.They remove all troubles just like a sharp knife，And bring happiness to me in daily life.As for me a book is the angels sweetest kiss.改写英文诗歌Reading is valuableAlthough the Internet is becoming more and more popular,books are still very important to people.T
19、hats why I love reading books so much.Reading is valuable in many ways.Firstly,reading can help us solve many difficult problems and get me out of trouble.Secondly,when I feel depressed,some interesting books can make me happy.Thirdly,reading can increase my interest in study and therefore I can do
20、well in exams.All in all,I have benefited a lot from reading,which makes me a better person.I think books are the best gifts that God has given me.第一段：点明观点读书重要。第二段：分述读书的重要性。第三段：总结紧扣主题，进一步说明读书的好处。亮点一：巧妙运用各种连接词及短语，如 although,firstly,secondly,thirdly,therefore,all in all 等，使文章层次清晰，句与句之间过渡自然。亮点二：灵活运用多个复
21、合结构，如句中的表语从句，句中的时间状语从句，句中的非限制性定语从句，句中的宾语从句及限制性定语从句等，使文章结构清晰、丰富。改写是用不同形式表达同一内容，使之成为与原文意思相同而表现方式、文体不同的作品。改写可以变换文章的人称、顺序，可以改变原文的体裁、结构，也可以灵活运用自己的语言，尽可能用多种方法来表达、替换原文语句的内容。诗歌改写应该注意以下几点。1改写必须忠实于原作的中心思想。这就要求想象和联想要符合原作精神，不能任意想象，写得漫无边际。2诗歌用词比较精练、含蓄，感情色彩比较浓厚，也就是说，它们的内在含义比较丰富，改写者有发挥想象的余地，可以把原作简洁的词句展开成具体的景象，形成一篇
22、与主题相关的文章。3改写要注意创造性。改写是再创作的过程。作者并不是单纯地翻译诗歌，不能仅就诗歌的内容进行简单的扩充，而是要进一步展开想象，使人物形象有血有肉、栩栩如生，使故事情节更加完整生动。4改写时可以插入丰富的想象，将原来文中没有的东西，如人物的表情、动作、语言、神态和行为等，都加进去，在不改变原作主题思想的基础上写成一篇完整的文章。总之，诗歌改写应该把握原文的主题，用通俗易懂的语言进行创作，加入自己的语言，使文章符合主题，流畅易懂。黄金表达As far as ones concerned.Compared with.In my opinion.Therefore,we can find
23、 that.If I were.，I would.诗歌既是语言的精华，也蕴含着丰富的哲理，对读者有很大的激励和指导作用。请阅读下面这首诗歌，写一篇 100词左右的英语短文，谈谈这首诗歌对于我们生活、学习、工作的启示。注意：不得照抄短诗原文，也不能写成诗歌形式。DreamsHold fast 紧紧地 to dreamsFor if dreams dieLife is a broken-winged birdThat can never flyHold fast to dreamsFor when dreams go Life is a barren 荒芜的 fieldFrozen only wi
24、th snow_参考范文：Dreams is a very beautiful poem that offers the readers a lot of encouragement and confidence.As we all know,everyone has dreams,which are important for our school study,our daily life as well as our work.We should hold fast to them,or we will lose interest and direction of our life,whi
25、ch may cause some of us to fail in our work or study,and even make us lose hope for our life.In order to make our dreams come true,wed better make a reasonable plan for our study or our work,which will also direct us to arrange our future life properly.At the same time,we shouldnt lose heart even if our dreams fail to be realized.We should adjust our plan and go on working harder,and Im sure we will succeed in realizing our dreams at last.阶段质量检测见阶段质量检测(二)