1、必考话题7周围的环境()写 作 必 备基础词汇1exhibition n展览2community n. 社区3facility n. 设施4action n. 行为5existence n. 生存6desire n. 渴望7harmony n. 和谐8environment n. 环境9pour v. 倾倒10be reluctant to 不情愿11private cars 私家车12ecological balance 生态平衡13save energy 节约能源提分句型1My hometown，located on the East Sea，has a history of more t
2、han 300 years and a population of 200,000.我的家乡坐落在东海之滨，有着300多年的历史，20万人口。2It is necessary for us to protect our environment.对我们来说，保护环境是必要的。3Some people pay no attention to the environment that they live in.有些人对于他们居往的环境毫不在意。美 文 赏 析素材示例(2013上海卷)Directions：Write an English composition in 120150 words acc
3、ording to the instructions given in Chinese.上海博物馆拟举办一次名画展，现就展出场所(博物馆还是社区图书馆)征集公众意见，假设你是王敏，给上海博物馆写一封信表达你的想法。你的信必须满足以下要求：(1)简述你写信的目的及你对场所的选择；(2)说明你的理由(从便利性、专业性等方面对这两个场所进行对比)。_Dear sir/madam，Recently I have heard the news that an art exhibition will be held and you are collecting suggestions about wher
4、e to hold it.I am writing to share mine with you.Personally speaking，it is better to hold the art exhibition in Shanghai Museum than in community libraries.My reasons are as follows.First of all，Shanghai Museum，located in the center of the city，will be more convenient for people to get there.In addi
5、tion，the museum has more space and can supply a more comfortable place for visitors to appreciate art.Most importantly，Shanghai Museum is more professional and experienced in holding art exhibitions.It can provide more professional and advanced facilities which can help keep the exhibition running b
6、etter.Thus，I strongly recommend that it be held in the museum.Yours，Wang Min1located in the center of the city是过去分词短语作后置定语。模拟Tsinghua University，founded_in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.建于1911年的清华大学是无数杰出人物的摇篮。 2in addition另外，此外，用作插入语。模拟The house is far from the school where o
7、ur son is studying；in_addition，it is a little expensive.房子离我们儿子上学的学校有点远，另外价格也有点高。3keep.doing.使处于某种状态模拟To keep warm they kept_the_fire_burning all the night.为了保暖他们让火燃烧了一整夜。.核心单词1_(vi.)参加_(n.)参加2_(vt.)安排；准备_(n.)安排3_(adj.)令人惊恐的，骇人的_(vt.)(使)惊恐_(adj.)害怕的；受惊的4_(vt.)说服，劝服_(n.)说服5_(vt.)道歉_(n.)道歉6_(vt.)使污染_(
8、n.)污染7_(n.)智力，理解力_(adj.)有才智的，理解力强的8_(adj.)有活力的_(n.)精力；活力9_(n.)发现_(vt.)发现10_(vt.)吸引_(n.)吸引人的地方_(adj.)吸引人的11_(vt.)令人感到恐惧_(adj.)令人恐惧的_(adj.)感到恐惧的12_(n.)手势；符号_(n.)信号；暗号13_(vt.)禁止；(n.)禁令14_(vi.)逃脱，逃跑_(adj.)逃跑了的15_(vi.)幸存，生存下来_(n.)幸存_(n.)幸存者16_(vi.)恢复正常；康复_(n.)恢复；痊愈17_(vt.)辨认出_(n.)认出；承认18_(vi.)不同意，意见不合_(n
9、.)意见不合；不一致；分歧答案1.participate；participation2.arrange；arrangement3.frightening；frighten；frightened4.persuade；persuasion5.apologise；apology6.pollute；pollution7.intelligence；intelligent8.energetic；energy9.discovery；discover10.attract；attraction；attractive11.terrify；terrifying；terrified12.sign；signal13.b
10、an14.escape；escaped15.survive；survival；survivor16.recover；recovery17.recognise；recognition18.disagree；disagreement词不离句，句不离段A professor in our department says he has never made a further voyage before.He is always intelligent and energetic.Often he makes a new discovery.We know he likes collection of
11、 seashells.He can recognise the ages by measuring their widths and lengths altogether.重点短语1填写_2起航 _3根据，依照 _4陷入麻烦，陷入困境 _5寻找，寻求 _6取；接载 _7轮流做某事 _8与人合用 _9watch out _10be covered with _11manage to do sth _12make a living _13be located at/on/in _14in addition to _15make it (to) _16all at once _答案fill out2
12、.set sail3.according to4.get into trouble5.in search of6.pick up7.take turns to do sth8.share with9.注意10.被覆盖11.设法做成某事12.谋生13.位于14.此外，而且15.到达16.突然，忽然小试身手，聚焦短语Hes now running his own research companythats in_addition_to his job at the university.Dont copy my work or well both get_into_trouble.The game
13、 will be played in_search_of rules which were made fifty years ago when the club was founded.Watch_out！There are some snakes in the forest.In order to earn money to make_a_living,_Mr Davids has to work all day and all night.经典句式1Its three times as big underwater.(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍大。解读倍数as.as.模拟There w
14、ere_(游客的数量是我们料想的三倍)during the 2012 Olympics in London.2You certainly wont find a noisier fish.你肯定不会发现比这更吵的鱼了。解读比较级和否定词连用表达最高级含义模拟_(形势再糟不过了)in Syria and it is hoped that the government will take effective measures to deal with it.3Our boat survived, and I was trying to recover when my elder brother p
15、ut his mouth close to my ear, and screamed out the terrifying word “Whirlpool！”我们的船获救了，我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时哥哥把他的嘴放到我的耳朵旁，大声说出那个令人胆战心惊的词“漩涡”。解读be doing.when.“正在做这时”。模拟I was surfing on the Internet_(这时)I found some new information about iphone5.4One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the is
16、lands, our boat full of fish.那一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海上打鱼归来，船上载满了鱼。解读独立主格结构模拟_(班长病了), wed better put the meeting off.答案1.three times as many visitors as we expected2The situation cant be worse3.when4.The monitor being ill.必背句法定语从句()；形容词的比较级选词填空1This is the middle school_(where/that/which) Mr.Smith taught Engli
17、sh ten years ago.2Please give me the reason_(which/that/why) you were late yesterday morning.3I still remember the day_(when/that/which) my father was put into prison.4The day on_(when/that/which) I met Mr.Li was of great importance to me.5Liu Dacheng sings beautifully, I have never heard a _(good/b
18、etter/best) voice.答案1.where2.why3.when4.which5.better条分缕析，步步为营完成句子Her sons，_ ，rang her up this morning.她的两个儿子都在国外工作，今天早上给她来了电话。His house，_he paid 10,000，is now worth 50,000.他的房子买的时候他花了1万英镑，现在值5万英镑了。Between the two parts of the concert is an interval，_ buy ice cream.音乐会的两部分之间有一段休息时间，这时我们可以去买冰淇淋。There
19、 are_books in our library than in yours.我们图书馆里的书比你们图书馆里的书多五倍。答案both of whom work abroadfor whichwhen we canfive times more词 汇 精 解arrange vt.安排，准备(教材原句)If not, then your group should arrange to meet outside of school hours.如果不的话，那么你的小组应该安排课余时间集合(1)arrange to do sth安排做某事；整理；布置arrange for为做准备(安排)arrang
20、e for sb/sth to do sth安排某人/物做某事arrange with sb about sth与某人商定某事(2)arrangement n整理；布置；安排make arrangements for为做好安排I got a taste of that dream in 2011, when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday.(2011北京卷，A)2011年丈夫为庆祝我的生日，为我安排了一次乘热气球飞行的活动。我体验了飞行的梦想。I wonder if my girlf
21、riend can_the wedding today.我不知道我的女友今天能否和我商定婚礼的事情。注意 不能说arrange sb to do.，且arrange后跟that从句时，从句中用虚拟语气“(should)do”。He arranged that the meeting_for a week.He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.他已安排好将会议延期一周。答案arrange with me about(should) be put offsign n符号；标志；手势；征兆，迹象vt.签署；示意；打手势(教材原句)S
22、ome chimpanzees have learnt sign language, but they can only copy languagethey dont really communicate.一些黑猩猩已学会了手势语言，但它们仅能模仿，并不是真正交流。(1)sign of/that.的迹象/征兆traffic signs交通标志(2)sign (to sb) to do sth示意(某人)去做某事sign in签到sign up/on(sb)报名，注册，签约雇用(某人)sign up (for sth)报名(参加课程)Many historians believe that th
23、e first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago.(2013浙江卷，A)许多历史学家认为，第一批户外标牌被使用是在大约五千年前。All the teachers who want to visit our school must sign in on arrival.所有想参观我们学校的老师均需签到。The company has_three top models for the fashion show.为了时装表演公司签约了三名顶尖模特。答案signed up/onpersuade vt.说服，劝服；使信服；使相信(
24、教材原句)He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.他说服了一些人跟他回格陵兰岛。persuadeIn a debate you need persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument.辩论中你需要让听众信服你的论点的准确性。I have persuaded him to give up the attempt.I have_the attempt.我已经说服他放弃这种尝试了。I persuaded him out of going there with
25、 Tom.I_there with Tom.我说服了他不要与汤姆一起去那里。词语辨析persuade sb to do, try to persuade sb to do, advise sb to dopersuade sb to do强调劝说并达到成效，即说服try to persuade sb to do企图劝说某人做某事，即“未说服”advise sb to do建议某人做某事，不涉及最后的结果At first, many friends _ a doctor, but he refused. Later his wife _ him and also failed. Who else
26、 can _ so?最初，很多朋友都建议他去看医生，但是他拒绝了。后来，他妻子试图说服他，也失败了。还有谁能说服他去看医生呢？答案persuaded him into giving uppersuaded him not to goadvised him to see；tried to persuade；persuade him to doban vt.禁止n.禁止，禁令(教材原句)Besides violating rules while riding bicycles on campus, you could be fined for：Bicycle parking banned$ 30.
27、(2012天津阅读A)除了违反规定在校园内骑自行车外，你可能会因在禁止停车处停车而被罚款30美元。(1)ban doing sth禁止做某事ban sb from(doing)sth禁止某人(做)某事(2)a ban on sth对的禁令The President supports a global ban on nuclear testing.总统支持全球禁止核试验。These_Beijings 5.8 million drivers _one workday each week.这些禁止了580万名北京司机每周有一个工作日开车上班。答案ban；from drivingpresent vt.
28、演示，讲演；上演，演出；出现，出席；显示；介绍；赠予；交给；提出，提交；颁发(教材原句)How will you present your project?你怎样展示你的计划？(1)把某物交给/颁发给/授予某人present sb to sb把某人介绍/引荐给某人(2)at the present timeat present目前，现在for the present就现在来说，暂时I dont have any information about Lin Shuhao at present/at the present time.目前我没有关于林书豪的进一步的消息。The students p
29、resented flowers to their teachers on Teachers Day.The students _their teachers_flowers on Teachers Day.教师节这天学生们送花给老师。巧学助记An expert present at the meeting presented me with a book on present financial crisis as a present.出席会议的一位专家送给我一本关于当前金融危机的书作为礼物。答案presented；withescape vi.逃脱，逃跑vt.避开，避免(不愉快或危险的事物)
30、n.逃跑；泄漏(教材原句)Without waiting, I dived into the sea to try and escape.我没有等下去，就潜入海中试图逃生。(1)escape from/out of从逃走escape (doing) sth避免/逃脱(做)某事(2)a narrow escape九死一生(3)escaped adj.逃跑了的No prisoner escaped from the prison without being seen.没有一个囚犯逃离这个监狱而不被看到。They had a narrow escape when their car crashed.
31、在撞车事故中，他们九死一生逃过一劫。More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many occurrences of the word nigger.(2013江苏卷，D)最近这本书由于一个逃跑的奴隶吉姆这个角色和书中出现了许多黑鬼这个词而一直受到攻击。survive vi.幸存，生存下来vt.幸免于，幸存；比活得长(教材原句)Our boat survived, and I was trying to recover when my elder b
32、rother put his mouth close to my ear.我们的船没有沉，我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时，我的哥哥靠近我的耳边说(1)survive sb比寿命长；失去某人后还活着survive sth幸免于；从中活过来survive on.靠存活下来survive from.从存活下来；流传下来(2)survival n幸存，继续存在；幸存物，残存物survivor n幸存者，生还者Faced with the financial crisis, a lot of small companies are having to fight for survival.面对金融危
33、机，许多小公司不得不为生存而奋斗。Only a few buildings_， which made all the workers upset.在这次火灾中仅有一部分建筑物幸免于难，这让工人们很伤心。She is barely _ her monthly social security payment.她靠每月的社会保险金勉强维持生活。答案survived the firesurviving onmake it to 到达(教材原句)Eric set sail once again, this time with 25 ships, of which only 14 made it to G
34、reenland.埃里克再一次起航了，这次有25艘船，其中只有14艘到达了格陵兰岛。make it成功；及时到达；约定时间The Voyager spacecraft made it to the edge of the solar system.“旅行者1号”飞船成功到达了太阳系的边缘。Grace did make itbut her tail didnt.(2013北京卷，B)格蕾丝确实成功了，但是她的尾巴却没有了。pick up取，接载；营救，搭救；拾起，捡起；收听(节目)；无意中学到；廉价买到；恢复健康；情况好转观察句子，写出下列黑体部分的含义She picked up a lot o
35、f French when she was in France._My radio made in Shanghai can pick up BBC very clearly._He is beginning to pick up after the operation, which delights his family._When is the weather going to pick up？Its been bad for weeks._Its surprising that your brother_Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there ver
36、y long.(四川卷)Apicked up Blooked upCput up Dmade up答案无意中学得收听恢复健康情况好转A句 式 诠 释(教材原句)Its three times as big underwater.(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍。这是一个倍数表达法的常用句型，结构为：倍数as形容词(副词)原级as.Our school which was built last year is three times as big as his.我们去年才建的学校是他的学校的三倍大。倍数的表达方式有：注意：后两种多用于产量的表达上。In this workshop, the ou
37、tput of July was five times _ of January.这个车间7月份产量是1月份的5倍。The production now is three times_it was ten years ago.现在的产量比十年前增加了两倍。答案thatwhat(教材原句)You certainly wont find a noisier fish.你绝不会找到比它们更吵闹的鱼。not.a noisier fish此结构是：not.a比较级名词的单数。这种结构是以比较级的形式来表达最高级的含义。用形容词的比较级形式表示意义上的最高级：(1)比较级than(2)not (never
38、, nothing等表示否定意义的词)a/an比较级n.单数Yi Jianlian is taller than any other player in our national basketball now.现在易建联比我们国家篮球队中的任何一名队员都高。What a wonderful novel！I _ one.多么好的一本小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的。答案have never read a more moving对 点 题 组.用所给词的适当形式填空1He _(逃脱) being punished by reason of his age.2She_(说服) him that she
39、 was telling the truth.3I have_(安排) for the boy to leave school next Easter.4The teacher _(禁止) us from talking in his class.5How many people were_(出席) at the meeting yesterday?答案1.escaped2.persuaded3.arranged4.banned5present.选词填空apologise to，present，make a living，escape，persuade，arrange for，ban.from
40、，in addition to1I have_the boy to leave school next Easter.2He_me and left the meeting.3The teacher_him_talking in class.4They_their letters and were accepted without comment.5_his flat in London，he has a villa(别墅)in Italy and a castle in Scotland.6The days are gone when physical strength was all yo
41、u needed to_.7She_him that she was telling the truth.8He_punishment by reason of his age.答案1.arranged for2.apologised to3.banned；from4.presented5.In addition to6.make a living 7persuaded8.escaped.完成句子1在沙漠里没有什么比水更珍贵。_2北京有我家乡的十倍大。Beijing is_my hometown.3朱之文从未想到他会成为一名成功的歌手。Zhu Zhiwen never thought he_a
42、s a successful singer.4我已安排了一辆车去机场接你。I_ at the airport.5我最后终于想法子说服她跟我一起出去喝一杯。I finally managed to_for a drink with me.答案1.Nothing else is more precious than water in the desert.2.ten times as big as3.would make it 4have arranged for a car to pick you up5.persuade her to go/into going out.微写作(先翻译下面的句
43、子，然后连成一篇50词左右的小短文)1我的朋友杰克喜欢航海，去年他说服一些人参加他的航海。(persuade)2根据他的安排，他们在某周一启航寻找鲸鱼。(according to，set sail，in search of)3在路上他警告他的同伴注意鲨鱼，以免陷入麻烦。(watch out，get into trouble)4在他们的共同努力下，他们达到了目的。(make it)_【参考范文】My friend Jack likes making voyages.Last year he persuaded some people to participate in his sea voyage.According to his arrangement，they set sail on a Monday in search of whales.On the way，he warned his men to watch out for sharks in case they got into trouble.With their hard work，they made it.