1、倍长中线模型知识精讲1.如图,在矩形ABCD中,若BDBE,DFEF,则AFCF.证明:连接AC,如图所示:由题意可证ADFHEF,ADBCEH,四边形ABCD是矩形,ACBD,又BDBE,ACCH,AFFH,点F是AH的中点,AFCF(三线合一).2.如图,四边形ABCD是平行四边形,BC2AB,M为AD的中点,CEAB于点E,则DME3AEM.法一、证明:延长EM交CD的延长线于点N,连接CM,如图所示:四边形ABCD是平行四边形,ABCD,AEMN,在AEM与DNM中,AEMDNM(ASA),EMMN,又ABCD,CEAB,CECD,CM是RtECN斜边的中线,MNMC,NMCN,EMC
2、2N2AEM,在平行四边形ABCD中,BCAD2DM,BC2AB2CD,DCMD,DMCMCDNAEM,EMDEMCCMD2AEMAEM,EMD3AEM.法二、证明:设BC的中点为N点,连接MN交EC于点P,连接MC,如图所示:由题意可得AMBN,MDNC,BC2AB,四边形ABNM与四边形MNCD均为菱形,MNAB,AEMEMN,CEAB,MNCE,又AMMD,MNAB,点P为EC的中点,MP垂直平分EC,EMNNMC,又四边形MNCD是菱形,NMCCMD,EMD3EMN3AEM.3.如图,ADE与ABC均为等腰直角三角形,且EFCF,求证(1)DFBF;(2)DFBF.证明:延长BF至点G
3、,使得FGFB,连接BD、DG、EG,如图所示:在EFG与CFB中,EFGCFB,EGCB,EGFCBF,EGBC,ABBC,ABCB,EGAB,EGAB,又AEDDAE,DABDEG,在DAB与DEG中,DABDEG,DGDB,ADBEDG,BDGADE90,BGD为等腰直角三角形,DFBF且DFBF.4.如图,OABODC,OABODC90,BEEC,求证:(1)AEDE;(2)AED2ABO.证明:(1)取OB、OC的中点M、N,连接AM、EM、EN、DN,如图所示:BAOODC90,BMMO,CNNO,AMOMBM,DNCNNO,OMEN,EMON,四边形OMEN为平行四边形,OMEN,EMON,AMEN,EMDN,MAOAOB,NDODON,AMBMAOAOB,DNCDONNDO,AMBDNC,BMEBOCENC,AMBBMEDNCCNE,AMEDNE,在AME与END中,AMEEND,AEDE;(2)由(1)可得AMEEND,MAENED,AEMEDN,AEDAEMMENNEDAEMEMBEAM,又MABMBA,AMB2ABO180,AMB(MAEAEMEMB)180,MAEAEMEMB2ABO,AED2ABO.