1、专题08 形容词、副词比较等级(人教新目标Go For It)序号内容第一部分内容简介第二部分极简语法第三部分寒假作业:形容词副词比较等级考点精准把关练一、形容词副词比较等级内容简介形容词、副词比较级和最高级是八年级上册英语学习的重要内容之一,也是中考必考内容。形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则及运用是同学们必需熟练掌握内容。二、形容词副词比较等级极简语法 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则(1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。 单音节单词smallsmallersmallest shorts
2、hortershortesttalltallertallest greatgreatergreatest少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词clevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest(2)以不发音e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st。largelargerlargest nicenicernicest ableablerablest(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音元音辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。bigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest fa
3、tfatterfattest(4)以“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。easyeasiereasiest heavyheavierheaviestbusybusierbusiest happyhappierhappiest(5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifuldifferentmore differentmost differenteasilymore easilymost easily(6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,
4、必须熟记。goodbetterbest wellbetterbestbadworseworst illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldestmany/muchmoremost littlelessleastfar further/farther furthest/farthest2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍”。Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那
5、个大三倍。(2)“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍”。I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。3. 形容词和副词最高级的用法(1)“主语+be+the+形容词最高级(+单数名词)+in/of.”表示“是中最的”。Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。This
6、 apple is the biggest of the five.这个苹果是五个当中最大的。(2)“主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+in/of.”表示“是中最的”。I jump (the) farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。 三、寒假作业:形容词副词比较等级考点精准把关练一、单选题1My friend is often _, but he doesnt feel _Aalone, lonelyBlonely, lonelyClonely, aloneDalone, alone【答案】A【详解】句意:我的朋友经常独自一人,但是他不感到孤独。考查形容词。al
7、one独自的,单独的,作表语;lonely孤独,寂寞的,荒无人烟的,做表语或定语。根据“My friend is often”可知强调的是客观上独自一人,用形容词alone作表语。根据“feel”可知强调的是人感到孤独的,用形容词lonely作表语。故选A。2What makes you _, dad?It is _ that there is no window in the room.Asurprised, surpriseBsurprised, surprisingCsurprising, surprisedDsurprising, surprise【答案】B【详解】句意:爸爸,什么让你
8、感到惊讶?令人惊讶的是房间里竟然没有窗户。考查词义辨析。surprised感到惊讶的,形容词;surprise惊讶,名词;surprising令人惊讶的。make后接形容词作宾语补足语,宾语you指人,用surprised表示人感到惊讶;再由“that there is no window in the room”可知答句指房间没窗户这个事实令人惊讶,用形容词surprising作表语。故选B。3The _ pressure you put on yourself, the _ you will do in the exam.Amore, worseBmuch, badlyCmany, bad
9、Dmore, worst【答案】A【详解】句意:你给自己施加的压力越大,你的考试成绩就会越差。考查副词比较级。more更多;worse更糟糕;much许多;badly厉害地;many许多;bad坏的;worst最糟糕。根据题干中“The . the .”可知用“the+比较级 . , the+比较级 .”表示“越就越”。前后两个空都用比较级。故选A。4Which river is the _ of the two, the Nile or the Yangtze River?The Nile. And it is the _ both in Africa and the world.Along
10、est; longerBlongest; longestClonger; longestDlonger; longer【答案】C【详解】句意:尼罗河和长江这两条河流,哪条河流更长?尼罗河,而且它是非洲和世界最长的河流。考查比较级和最高级的用法。longest最长的;longer更长的。根据“of the two, the Nile or the Yangtze River”可知,第一空指2条河流中更长的,故用比较级,故排除AB;根据“both in Africa and the world”可知,比较范围是非洲和全世界,故第二空用最高级。故选C。5Sam liked _ of the two
11、toys.Athe more expensive oneBone most expensiveCa least expensiveDthe most expensive of them【答案】A【详解】句意:萨姆喜欢这两个玩具中比较贵的一个。考查比较级。the more expensive one更贵的一个;one most expensive一个最贵的;a least expensive一个最便宜的;the most expensive of them他们中最贵的;根据句中的“of the two toys”可知,句中应该用比较级,排除B/C/D选项,句中出现of the two时,比较级前
12、面要加定冠词the,故选A。6He is a little_ than you, but he is as_ as you.Athin; healthyBthinner; healthierCthinner; healthyDthin; healthier【答案】C【详解】句意:他比你瘦一点,但他和你一样健康。考查比较级。根据“than”可知使用形容词比较级,空格一填thinner。“asas”意思为“和一样”,是同级比较,中间跟形容词或副词的原级,可知填healthy。故选C。7Li Lei isnt _ Liu Ming.Atall asBas taller asCas tall asDa
13、s the taller as【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:李雷不如刘明更高。asas和一样,表示同级比较,两个as之间用形容词或副词的原级,故B和D不对。A选项中缺少一个as,故应该选C。考点:考查形容词的同级比较。8Do you have _ to have a party?Aenough foodBfood enoughCmany foodDfood many【答案】A【详解】句意:你有足够的食物开聚会么?考查形容词。enough足够的;many很多,接可数名词。food是不可数名词,不能用many修饰。此处用enough修饰名词food表示“足够的食物”,enough放在名词的前面
14、。故选A。9 Which sport do you prefer, swimming or rowing? I preferred _ two years ago, but now I like rowing _.Aswimming;bestBswim;betterCswam;bestDswimming;better【答案】D【详解】句意:游泳和划船,你更喜欢哪一项? 两年前我更喜欢游泳,但是现在我更喜欢划船。考查非谓语动词和副词比较级。prefer意为“更喜欢、宁愿”,后接动词时,可用不定式或动名词,故B、C选项可排除。根据问句swimming or rowing提示可知,比较范围只在两者之
15、间,故应用副词的比较级形式,故选D。【点睛】prefer意为“更喜欢、宁愿”,后接动词时,可用不定式或动名词。其区别是表示一般情况用动名词,表示特定动作用不定式。例如:I prefer walking alone. 我喜欢一个人溜达。 Can I give you a lift? 你顺便坐我的车吗? No, thanks. I prefer to walk. 不用了, 谢谢,我喜欢步行。10Mike did quite_in the math exam, but Linda did even_.Abad. worseBbadly, worstCbadly, worseDbad. worst【答
16、案】C【详解】句意:迈克数学考试考得很差,但琳达考得更差。考查副词的原形以及比较级。badly:糟糕地,badly的比较级是worse。根据句意:迈克数学考试考得很差,但琳达考得更差。第一空无比较的意思,用副词原级,故排除,A和D;even:甚至,更,修饰比较级,第二空用副词的比较级,故排除B,故选C。11He said that the subway ran than the bus.AgetBquickerCquicklyDmore quickly【答案】D【详解】句意:“他说地铁比公共汽车跑得快。”,考查比较级。观察句子,这里应该用副词修饰动词ran,那么排除AD;有注意到“than”应
17、该是用比较级,故选:D。12Do you know the difference between successful and unsuccessful people?Of course. Usually successful people take their work _ than others.Amore serious BseriouslyCseriouslier Dmore seriously【答案】D【详解】句意:你知道成功的人和不成功的人之间的差别吗?当然知道。经常成功的人比其他人对待工作更认真。more serious更认真的,是形容词;seriously认真地,是副词; mo
18、re seriously更认真地,是副词。修饰动宾短语take their work用副词,根据than可知此处用比较级,故选D。13_ you did the homework,_ grades youll get.AThe more careful; the worse BThe more carefully; the betterCThe more careful; the better DThe more carefully; the worse【答案】B【详解】句意:你越认真写作业,你的成绩就将越好。考察比较级。根据句意可知,你越仔细越好,好的比较级是better,排除A和D。越越用
19、the+比较级,the+比较级。前面用副词修饰做作业的动作,故选B。14Did Jake drink the most last night?Not at all. In fact, he drank _ of all.AmoreBmostClessDleast【答案】D【详解】句意:杰克昨晚喝得最多吗?根本不是。事实上,他喝得最少。考查副词最高级。A. more较多;B. most最多;C. less较少;D. least最少,根据“Not at all. In fact”根本不是,事实上。可知他喝的少,of all“在所有中”,句中含有比较范围的短语时,用形容词或副词最高级,little“
20、少”的最高级least“最少”,副词最高级,根据句意,故选D。15Mike is a careful student and he does in the exam in his class.AgoodBthe wellCbetter.Dthe best【答案】D【详解】句意:Mike是个细心的学生, 他在班上考试成绩最好。A. good形容词,好的; B. the well副词,好地 C. better比较级,更好; D. the best最高级,最好。in his class在他班里表范围,故用最高级;does实义动词,故用副词修饰;well副词,最高级best,副词最高级前可加the。故
21、选D。16Of all the students in our class, Todd talks _ but does the most.Afewest Bthe most Cthe least Dless【答案】C【详解】句意:在我们班所有的学生中,Todd说的最少,但是做的最多。fewest最少的;the most最多的,the least最少的,less更少的。根据but前后成分并列,前后表示转折关系,根据 does the most可知but前表示最少,用the least,故选C。17Do you know which is_country in the world?Canada.
22、 And its larger than_in Asia.Asecond largest, other countriesBthe second largest, any countryCthe second largest, any other countryDsecond largest, any country【答案】B【详解】句意:你知道哪个国家是世界第二大国家吗?加拿大。它比亚洲任何一个国家都大。考查形容词的最高级。第一空,根据答语Canada可知,此空是表示“第二大”的意思,应填the second largest故排除A和D;第二空,根据句意,它比在亚洲的任何一个国家都大。可知,
23、当比较的范围不在同一个范围内,将than any other中的other去掉,此空应填any country,故排除C,故选B。18Li Hong wants to learn English as _ as Helen.AgoodBbetterCbestDwell【答案】D【详解】句意:李红想和海伦一样学好英语。考查固定句式。good好的,形容词原级;better更好的,比较级;best最好的,最高级;well好的,副词原级。句中as as像一样,中间应接形容词或副词原级,此处应用副词well原级修饰动词learn。故选D。19Helen did her homework as _ as
24、Jane.Thats right. Both of them did well this time.AcarefulBcarefullyCmore careDmore carefully【答案】B【详解】句意:海伦和简做作业一样认真。没错。他们俩这次做的都很好。考查副词。careful仔细的,形容词;carefully仔细地,副词;more care更加小心;more carefully更仔细地,副词。根据句意,空格上所填词是副词,修饰动词did。根据asas结构,两个as之间要用形容词或副词的原级,故选B。20The poor woman lives _.But she never feel
25、s _.Aalone; lonelyBlonely; lonelyCalone; aloneDlonely; alone【答案】A【详解】句意:这个可怜的女人一个人住,但她从不感到孤独。考查形容词,副词辨析。alone 副词,独自,形容词,单独的,表示单独一个人;lonely 孤独的,寂寞的,表示内心的孤单寂寞;第一空是副词修饰动词,表示独自一个人住,用alone ,第二空是感到孤单,用形容词lonely 。根据题意,故选A。【点睛】alone为形容词,意为“单独的”,只作表语,不能作定语。侧重说明独自一人,没有助手或同伴,没有感情色彩的只表示客观的状态。lonely意为“孤独的”,表示主观上
26、感到孤独、寂寞,有较浓的感情色彩,指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊等产生的一种悲伤和忧郁的感情。它为形容词,在句中作表语或定语。作定语时,意为“荒凉;偏僻”,多修饰表示地点的名词。 alone还可以作副词。alone 副词 adv. 单独;独自 She went home alone. 她独自回家去了。 After his wife died, he lived alone. 他的妻子死后,他一个人生活。21Many basketball fans felt terribly when they heard the news of Cobes sudden _.Asad; diedBsad; deat
27、hCsadly; deathDsadly; dead【答案】B【详解】句意:当许多篮球球迷听到科比突然去世的消息,他们感到非常难过。考查形容词做表语和of的名词所用格。sad:伤心的,形容词;sadly:伤心地,是副词。die:死,过去式died;形容词是dead;名词是death。本句是when引导的时间状语从句,主句是主系表结构,feel是系动词,后面跟形容词做表语,可知填sad;of:的,构成名词所有格,“the+名词+of+名词”:的,可知填death。故选B。22We still have_to make this birthday gift look_.Atime enough;
28、enough goodBenough time; enough goodCenough time; good enoughDenough time; well enough【答案】C【详解】句意:我们仍然有足够的时间使这个生日礼物看起来足够好。考查enough用法。enough作形容词时,修饰名词,可以放到名词前,也可以放到名词后;enough作副词时,修饰形容词,放到形容词后面。第一个空time为名词,enough作定语修饰名词;第二个空look为连系动词,后接形容词作表语,good为形容词,enough作副词,修饰good时,放到后面。故选C。【点睛】enough常见用法:1.enough
29、可以作名词、代词,意思是“足够;充分”。作代词可以代替可数名词或不可数名词,在句中作主语或宾语。2. enough作形容词,意思是“足够的;充分的”,常与for或不定式连用,可以作定语或表语。作定语置于被修饰的名词前后均可,前置时强调enough,后置时强调被修饰词。3. enough作副词,意思是“十分地;充分地;足够地;充足地”,置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后,常与不定式或介词for连用 ,在句子中作状语,表示程度。23Which month has _days in a year? Its February.Athe fewestBthe leastCthe mostDquite a fe
30、w【答案】A【详解】句意:一年中哪个月份天数最少?是二月。考查形容词最高级。the fewest最少的,修饰可数名词;the least最少的,修饰不可数名词;the most最多的;quite a few相当多,不少。根据句意可知,这句话暗含比较的意思,即在一年十二个月中天数最少,应用最高级,先排除D;根据答语可知,二月是天数最少的,故C不对;days是可数名词,应用few修饰。故选A。24The winner of the talent show is a _girl.Afifteen-years-oldBfifteen years oldCfifteen-year-oldDfifteen
31、 year old【答案】C【详解】句意:才艺表演的获胜者是一个15岁的女孩。考查名词短语。fifteen-year-old是一个合成形容词,意为“15岁的”,后面修饰名词,注意year用单数,故A不对;fifteen years old意为“15岁”,表示年龄,year用复数,故D不对。空后有名词girl,应用形容词,故B不对。选C。25Leo is _of the three boys, but hes _than the other two.Ataller; olderBtaller; oldestCthe tallest; youngerDthe tallest; the younge
32、r【答案】C【详解】句意:Leo是三个男孩中最高的,但是他比其他两个人都更年轻。考查形容词比较级和最高级。taller更高的,比较级;the tallest最高的,最高级;older更老的,比较级;oldest最老的,年纪最大的,最高级;younger更年轻的;the younger两者中较年轻的。根据第一个空后of the three boys可知,这里表示三个男孩相比,应用最高级,先排除A和B;第二个空后有than,表示Leo和其他两个男孩进行对比,应用比较级,the younger代指“两者中较年轻的那个”,不符合句意。故选C。26Anna, do you know the progra
33、m called Chinese Restaurant?Sure, and its getting_Apopular and popularBmore popular and popularCmore popular and more popularDmore and more popular【答案】D【详解】句意:安娜,你知道那个叫中国餐馆的节目吗?当然,而且越来越受欢迎。考查形容词的比较级。结合题意,可以知道本句是要表达“中国餐馆的节目越来越受欢迎”,所以应该用比较级形式。“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示事物程度的增长,意为“越来越.”。由于 popular 为多音节形容词,此空应填
34、 more and more popular。故选D。27Hes had the toy since he was a little boy, and he likes it better than_in his room.Athe other toyBany other toyCanother toyDany toy【答案】C【详解】句意:自从他是个小孩以来,一直拥有这个玩具,他房间里所有的玩具里,最喜欢这个玩具了。考查不定代词用法:the other另一个,指两个中的另一个;any other其他任何一个;another又一个,另一个;any 任何一个。根据空格后的in his room在
35、他房间里可知,他喜欢的玩具超过了别的任何一个玩具,可是不会超过这个玩具本身,排除D,故选B。【点睛】the other修饰可数名词单数,指“两个中的另一个”,other指其他的,别的;another意为“另外的,其他的”,表示泛指,没有整体范围。后跟可数名词单数;any指任意一个,用于否定句和疑问句。本句用副词比较级表示最高级句意。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空28I think this restaurant is the _(bad)in our city. I dont want to go there again.【答案】worst【详解】句意:我认为这家餐馆是我们城市最差的。我不想再去
36、那里了。根据题中的句子“I dont want to go there again.”以及空格后表范围的词“in our city”可知,本题考查最高级,说的是“这家餐馆是我们城市里最差的”。故填“bad”的最高级“worst”。故填worst。29She is one of the most successful _ (win) in Americas Got Talent.【答案】winners【详解】句意:她是美国达人中最成功的赢家之一。此处表达的是“最之一”,英语是“one of the+最高级+复数名词”,所以空格应用复数名词,主语是“She”,所以此处指的是“赢家”,英语是winn
37、er,复数是winners,故填winners。三、同义句转化30Ted is the smartest of all the boys in his class.Ted is smarter than _ _ classmates in his class.【答案】the other 【详解】句意:汤姆是他班里最聪明的男孩。根据原句句意以及空格后的“classmates”可知,原句的同义句为“Ted比他班上的其他同学都高”,故空格上填“其他的同学”,其对应的英文为“the other classmates”,故填the other。31My apple is not so big as yo
38、urs.(同义句)Your apple is _ _ mine.【答案】bigger than 【详解】句意:我的苹果没有你的大。根据原句表达的意思及转换句的主语“Your apple”可知,此处表达的是“你的苹果比我的大”,英语用“比较级+than”的形式,big的比较级是bigger,故填bigger;than。32Tara has longer hair than her. (同义句转换)Taras hair is _ than _.【答案】longer hers 【详解】句意:塔拉的头发比她的长。由句中“than”可知,本句为比较级句式,故用形容词比较级longer“更长的”作表语;第
39、二空格处应为名词性物主代词hers“她的”,代指her hair“她的头发”。故填longer;hers。四、完成句子33Dennis is thinner than the other two boys.(改为同义句)Dennis is _ _ of the three boys.34The white jacket is cheaper than the red one.(改为同义句)The red jacket is _ _than the white one.35What do you think of China?(改为同义句)_ do you _ China?36What is y
40、our favorite show?(改为同义句)What show _you like _?37由于天气不好,我们不能看见下面的东西。(汉译英)We couldnt see anything below _ _ bad weather.【答案】33 the thinnest 34 more expensive 35 How like 36 do best 37 because of 【解析】33句意:Dennis比其他两个男孩都要瘦。本题考查的是同义词组的互换,因为Dennis比其他两个男孩都高,那他是三个男孩中最高的,所以用最高级,最高级前面要加the,故答案填(1). the (2).
41、thinnest。34句意:白色的夹克衫要比红色的便宜。本题考查的是同义句互换,根据所给句子主语白色的夹克衫比红色的便宜,所给的同义句主语是红色的夹克衫,那么应该是红色的夹克衫比白的贵,贵是expensive,比较级为more expensive,故答案填(1). more (2). expensive。35句意:你认为中国怎么样?本题考查的是同义句的转换,what do you think of.?=how do you like.?你认为.怎么样?故答案填(1). How (2). like。36句意:你最喜欢的节目是什么?本题考查的是同义词组的互换,favourite=likebest,又因为句子为特殊疑问句,like为实义动词,前面要用助动词,主语是you,所以用do,故答案填(1). do (2). best。37根据句子意思可知,所给空缺的单词的意思是因为,因为后面的bad weather是名词短语,所以用的因为是because of,故答案填(1). because (2). of。
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