1、专题6 情态动词 我们学习情态动词，主要学习情态动词定义，辨异和语境中正确使用。本专题就情态动词常用考点进行分析，明确目标，做到夯实和提高。情态动词（Modal verbs）本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词，主要用于表达我们人类的情感与态度。但是不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。我们可以得知中考对于情态动词语法能力考察集中于以下两点： （1）情态动词的词义辨析（2）情态动词的正确使用考向分析：中考对于情态动词的考察要求考生们：（1）掌握情态动词的定义；（2）掌握情态动词的特征；（3）掌握常用情态动词的用法；考向一、情
2、态动词的基本用法1. can和could表示能力 、可能性 、怀疑或推测(限于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)和允许。注意：could用于现在时代替 can 使语气更委婉。如：Could you please tell me how to go to the Baiyun Hills?2. may和might表示允许、推测(用于肯定句)、请求或规劝和祝愿。3. must和have to(1) must 表示义务或责任、很有把握的推测(用于肯定句)和表示禁止(mustnt)。(2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时， have to有更多的时态形式。
3、(3) must 的否定式：mustnt不准(4) 由 must 提出的一般疑问句，否定回答用neednt或dont have to“不必”。如： Must I finish the work now? No, you neednt. (No, you dont have to.)4. shall和should(1) 表示允许或命令(常用于第二、第三人称) 。(2) 表示征求意见(常用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中) 。5. will和would表示意志或决心、有礼貌的请求、习惯动作和预言。6. had better其意为“最好”、“应该”，后接动词原形，had通常缩略为d；构成否定式时，通常将n
4、ot置于had better之后，而不是had之后。如：Youd better get some sleep. 你最好去睡一会儿。Youd better not go there by yourself. 你最好不要一个人去那里。考点 2. 三组易混情态动词的用法区别1. must与have to的区别强调重点不同：两者都表示“必须”，但must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to 侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意。如：Its too late. I must go home now.I lost my pen so I had to use a pe
5、ncil instead.2. can与be able to的区别 (1) can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could, 而be able to有多种时态形式。如：Mary can play the piano. She has been able to play it since she was five.玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了(2) be able to可用将来时态表示某人将来具备的能力，而can不能用于将来时态。但表示现在决定将来是否有能力做某事时，可用can。如：I can finish the article tomorrow. 我可以在明天写完这篇文章。3. c
6、ant与may not的区别：(1) cant有两个意思：若表示能力，cant意为“不能”；若表示推测，cant意为“不可能”。如：I cant finish it on time. 我不能按时完成。He cant be so rich. 他不可能那么富有。(2) may not 也有两个意思：若表示许可，may not意为“不许可” 、“不可以”；若表示推测，may not意为“可能不 ”。如：Visitors may not feed the animals. 参观者不得给动物喂食。He may not be able to help but theres no harm in askin
7、g him. 他可能帮不了忙，但是求他一下倒也无妨。1.（2023北京） Must I stay here and wait for you? No you _. You can go home now.A. needntB. cantC. mustntD. shouldnt【答案】A【解析】句意：我必须待在这里等你吗？不，你不需要。你现在可以回家。考查动词辨析。neednt不需要；cant不能；mustnt禁止；shouldnt不应该。根据“Must I stay here and wait for you?”可知，用情态动词must提问，其否定回答应用neednt表示“不需要”。故选A。2
8、. （2023广州语法选择）He _ _ eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.A. couldB. mightC. shouldD. must【答案】A【解析】句意：他能够吃掉大餐，再也没有挨饿了。could能够；might可能；should应该；must必须。根据“.eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.”可知是能吃掉大餐。故选A。3. （2023武汉）Excuse me, but we _ wait in line to get on the subway. Im sorry.A. m
9、ightB. wouldC. couldD. should【答案】D【解析】句意：对不起，我们应该排队上地铁。我很抱歉。考查情态动词辨析。might可以；would将；could可以；should应该。根据“but we wait in line to get on the subway”可知，应该排队上地铁，故选D。1.（2023湖北鄂州）_ I take photos here?Sorry, you cant. Its not allowed in the museum.A. MustB. NeedC. CanD. Will2. （2023湖北黄石）Young Chinese people
10、 _ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground.A. shouldB. canC. mayD. need3. （2023湖北荆州）You _ take the subway to the airport, for I can drive you there directly.Thats very kind of you.A. cantB. needntC. mustntD. shouldnt4.（2023襄樊）. Does the sports watch belong to
11、 Mary?It _ be hers. She is the only one who wears the sports watch in our class.A. cantB. mustC. mightD. could5.（2023 湖南邵阳） What are you going to do this weekend? Im not sure. I _ go shopping.A. mustB. shouldC. may6.（2023江苏连云港 ）Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We _ learn to protect ourselves.A. mi
12、ghtB. shouldC. couldD. would5.（2023江苏无锡 ） Oh, come on! _ you doubt everything I say? Im not a three-year-old!A. CantB. CanC. MustntD. Must6.（2023江苏镇江 ）5. The new app about fashion is really free and you _ pay money for it.A. mayB. mustC. shouldntD. neednt7.（2023河北 ）If we _ find a better way, well fi
13、nish the job faster.A. canB. cantC. mustD. mustnt8.（2023黑龙江 ） Is that boy in a white shirt over there Leo? No, it _ be him. He has gone to Kunming.A. mustB. cantC. might9.（2023 天津）Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow?Sorry, Im afraid I _. Ill work as a volunteer in my community.A. can
14、B. cantC. mustD. mustnt10.（2023 云南）Excuse me, may I use my phone now?Sorry, you _. The plane is taking off.A. needB. needntC. canD. cant11.（2023 山东滨州）The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it?It _ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.A. canB. mustC. needD. might12.（2023 山东青海） Is tha
15、t Jim running on the playground?It _ be him. He is always in the library at this time.A. mustntB. shouldntC. cantD. neednt13. _ we clean the classroom at once? No, you _. You _ clean it after school. A. Must; neednt; may B. Must; mustnt; can C. Shall; cant; must D. Need; mustnt; may14. Good morning.
16、 Ive got an appointment with Ms. King in her office. Morning. You _be Mr. Jones. This way, please. A. will B. must C. can D. might15. .Mike, you play with fire. You burn yourself.A. wont; cantB. have got to; shouldntC. dont have to; mustD. mustnt; might16. Whose backpack is this? It _ be Jims. Look,
17、 his students card is in it. A. must B. can C. mustnt D. cant17.As middle school students, we follow the public rules wherever we go. A. wouldB. shouldC. mightD. could18.Mum, may I go to see a film with my cousin? - You _ go if you have finished your homework.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can19.-Some pe
18、ople dont show their talents at the very beginning. -I agree. Even Einstein _ read until he was seven.A. cantB. mustntC. couldntD. neednt20.The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light, so you _ worry about its weight.A. mustB. mayC. cantD. neednt21.According to the notice, gues
19、ts at this hotel _use the sports center at no extra cost. A. canB. shouldC. mustD. need22.We dont allow taking magazines out, but you _ copy the article you need on the machine over there. A. canB. mustC. shouldD. would23.-Its too hot._ _ I swim in the lake?-No, you_. Thats too dangerous!A. Should;
20、cant B. Need; mustnt C. Must; neednt D. Could; cant24.-Can we walk across the road now?-No, we_. We have to wait until the light turns green.A. couldnt B. neednt C. shouldnt D. mustnt25.-Mom,_I play computer games this evening?-Sure, but you_ finish your homework first.A. can；must B. can；mustnt C. m
21、ay；could D. may；cant26. Maths isnt very difficult. You _ be afraid of it. You can come and ask for help.A. mustnt B. cant C. wouldnt D. neednt27. You _ go and see a doctor if you are not well before Monday.A. couldnt B. had better C. shouldnt D. need to28. Do I have to hand in my report now? Of cour
22、se, you _. Were going to discuss it.A. can B. cant C. must D. mustnt29. You _ work on your own in the lab. It is against the rules!A. mustnt B. neednt C. wont D. couldnt30. Daniel, you _ spread the books all over the floor. It is a rule. Sorry, I wont.A. couldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wouldnt31. Exc
23、use me. Can you tell me what time it is now? Sorry, I _. My watch doesnt work.A. cant B. may not C. mustnt D. neednt32. Its quite bright here. Lets just keep the window open. Yes. We_ leave the light on.A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. will D. wouldnt33. What do you think we common people _ do for our moth
24、erland during the Covid-19 breakout? I think we _ do anything except staying at home and do some exercise to keep ourselves fit.A. must; cant B. may; mustnt C. need; shouldnt. D. can; neednt34. May I smoke here? No, you _. No smoking in the school yard.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt35. Th
25、ere is someone knocking at the door. I wonder who it _ be. It _ be Peter. He phoned to tell me he would come here soon.A. must; must B. could; must C. might; cant D. might; mustnt36. _ I swim here? Im sorry. Children _ swim alone here.A. Must , cant B. May , must C. Can, mustnt D. Cant can37. These
26、flowers dont always need _, so you _ them every day.A. to water; dont need to water B. watering; neednt to waterC. to water; dont need water D. watering; dont need to water38. Children above 1.2 meters in height _ buy a ticket on the bus.A. can B. may C. should D. will39. -Lucy is walking the dog in
27、 the park. -She be. Listen! She is singing loudly in her room.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. wont40. Smokers smoke in all indoor public places from March 1st, 2017.A. cant B. shouldnt C. neednt D. mustnt41 To keep children away from danger during the coming summer holiday, parents _give them some sa
28、fety tips.A. should B. may C. could D. might42. I have my own room in my house, so I _ do what I want in it.A. must B. have to C. need to D. can43. Bob can not go out to play, because he _ help his dad in the garden.A. can B. cant C. has to D. may44. Excuse me, when are we going to have a picnic? Im
29、 not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He _ know.A. need B. can C. may D. shall45. _ I bring you all the magazines right now? No, you dont have to, but you give them to me tomorrow.A. May, can B. Should, must C. Can, can D. Must, had better46. I cant find my purse. I_ it in the supermarket yesterday, b
30、ut Im not sure.A. should leave B. must have leftC. might leave D. could have left47. You _ sit down or stand, just as you wish. Thank you. Ill stand until I feel tired.A. mustB. mayC. willD. have to48.【2023吉林长春】This _ be Alices guitar. Hers is still in my house.A. shouldB. cantC. mustD. neednt49.【20
31、23辽宁抚顺】The lovely boy _ ride the bike at the age of six.A. mustB. couldC. needD. should50.【2023江苏宿迁】According to the traffic rules, people _ ride e-bikes without wearing helmets.A. mustntB. needntC. may notD. might not三. 用适当的情态动词填空1. What _ I do for you?I want some bananas. 2. Tom _ ride a bike, but
32、 he cant drive a car. 3. You are ill, Tom. You _ see a doctor. 4. Children _ play basketball in the street. 5. If you are not careful, a car _ hit you. 6. _ I come in?Yes, you may. Come in, please. 7. A blind man _ see anything.8.Nobody_live without air and water.9.The book_ be returned before Saturday.10.You_give up smoking at once. Its bad for your health.11.The train will leave at half past six, so I_ get there fifteen minutes earlier.12.You dont_ worry about her. She is much better now.
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