1、宁夏石嘴山市平罗中学2019届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AWelcome to one of the largest collections of footwear (鞋类) in the world that will make you green with envy. Here at the Footwear Museum you can see exhibits (展品) from all over the world. You can find out about shoes worn by everyone from the Anc
2、ient Egyptians to pop stars.Room 1The celebrity (名人) footwear section is probably the most popular in the entire museum. Started in the 1950s, there is a wide variety of shoes and boots belonging to everyone from queens and presidents to pop stars and actors! Most visitors find the celebrities choic
3、e of footwear extremely interesting.Room 2Most of our visitors are amazed and shocked by the collection of special purpose shoes on exhibition here at the Museum of Footwear. For example, there are Chinese shoes made of silk that were worn by women to tie their feet firmly to prevent them from growi
4、ng too much!Room 3As well as shoes and boots, the museum also exhibits shoe-shaped objects. The variety is unbelievable. For example, there is a metal lamp that resembles a pair of shoes, and Greek wine bottles that like legs!The Footwear LibraryPeople come from all over the world to study in our ex
5、cellent footwear library. Designers and researchers come here to look up information on anything and everything related to the subject of footwear.1. What can you find in Room 1? _A. Chinese special purpose shoes.B. Queens boots.C. Metal lamps.D. Bottles of Greek wine.2. What can we know about Room
6、2? _A. It is the most visited place in the museum.B. It has a richer variety of exhibits than the other two.C. It has the oldest exhibits than the other two.D. It mainly exhibits shoes that have some special purposes.3. Where can you find some data that have something to do with the subject of footw
7、ear? _A. In the Footwear Library.B. In Room 1C. In Room 2D. In Room 3【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要向人们介绍了一个展示各种鞋子的博物馆Footwear Museum，意图吸引更多的游客来参观。【1题详解】细节理解题。从第二段中Started in the 1950s, there is a wide variety of shoes and boots belonging to everyone from queens and presidents to pop stars and ac
8、tors!(始于20世纪50年代,有各种各样的鞋子和靴子，从女王和总统到流行明星和演员都有！)可知，在Room 1能找到女王的鞋。B. Queens boots. (女王的鞋子)符合题意。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。从第三段中Most of our visitors are amazed and shocked by the collection of special purpose shoes on exhibition here at the Museum of Footwear.(我们的大多数参观者对鞋类博物馆展出的“特殊用途”鞋的收藏感到惊讶和震惊)可知，在Room 2中，主要展
9、示一些“特殊用途”鞋。D. It mainly exhibits shoes that have some special purposes. (它主要展出一些有特殊用途的鞋子)符合题意。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。从最后一段中Designers and researchers come here to look up information on anything and everything related to the subject of footwear.(设计师和研究人员来这里是为了查找与鞋类相关的一切信息)可知，设计师和研究人员可以在In the Footwear Libr
10、ary找到与鞋相关的信心。故选A项。BMy father was always a good gardener. One of my earliest memories is standing without shoes in the freshly tilled(翻耕的)soil my hands blackened from digging in the ground.As a child, I loved following Dad around in the garden, I remember Dad pushing the tiller(耕作机)ahead in perfectly
11、 straight lines. Dad loved growing all sorts of things: yellow and green onions, watermelons almost as big as me, rows of yellow com, and our favorite red tomatoes.As I grew into a teenager, I didnt get so excited about gardening with Dad. Instead of magical land of possibility, it had turned into s
12、ome kind of prison. As Dad grew older, his love for gardening never disappeared. After all the kids were grown and had started families of their own, Dad turned to gardening like never before. Even when he was diagnosed with cancer, he still took care of his garden.But then, the cancer, bit by bit,
13、invaded his body. I had to do the things he used to do. What really convinced me that Dad was dying was the state of his garden that year. The rows and rows of multicolored vegetables were gone. Too tired to weed them, he simply let them be. He only planted tomatoes.For the first few years after he
14、died, I couldnt even bear to look at anyones garden without having strong memories pour over me like cold water from a bucket. Three years ago, I decided to plant my own garden and started out with just a few tomatoes. That morning, after breaking up a fair amount of soil, something caught the comer
15、 of my eye and I had to smile, It was my eight-year-old son Nathan, happily playing in the freshly tilled soil.4 Why did the author like the garden when he was a child?A. The garden was planted with colorful flowers.B. The garden was just freshly tilled by his father.C. He loved what his father grew
16、 in the garden.D. He enjoyed being in the garden with his father.5. When all the kids started their own families, the authors father .A. devoted more to gardeningB. turned to other hobbiesC. stopped his gardeningD. focused on planting tomatoes6. What happened to the garden when the authors father wa
17、s seriously ill?A. The authors son took charge of it.B. No plant grew in the garden at all.C. The garden was almost deserted.D. It brought the author a great harvest.7. We can infer from the last paragraph that .A. the authors son played happily in the gardenB. the authors son reminded him of his ow
18、n fatherC. the authors son was very glad to help the authorD. the authors son will continue gardening as well【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B【解析】试题分析：文章讲述了父亲是一个园艺爱好者，小时候“我”喜欢给跟在父亲身后玩耍，随着年龄的增大，“我”一不在喜欢跟在父亲身后，但父亲对园艺的热爱依然有增无减。父亲去世后，“我”甚至不敢看到花园，终于有一天“我”决定开辟自己的花园，而自己的儿子就跟在身后，这一切似曾相识。【4题详解】D考察细节理解题。根据文章前两段可知作者小时候喜
19、欢花园的原因是喜欢和父亲一起在花园里，所以答案是D。【5题详解】A考察细节理解题。根据文章After all the kids were grown and had started families of their own, Dad turned to gardening like never before. Even when he was diagnosed with cancer, he still took care of his garden可知当所有的孩子有了自己的家庭后，父亲对园艺的热爱依然有增无减，所以答案是A。【6题详解】C考察细节理解题。根据文章The rows and
20、rows of multicolored vegetables were gone. Too tired to weed them, he simply let them be.可知父亲生病后花园荒芜了，所以答案是C。【7题详解】B考察主旨大意。根据文章That morning, after breaking up a fair amount of soil, something caught the comer of my eye and I had to smile, It was my eight-year-old son Nathan, happily playing in the f
21、reshly tilled soil可知“我”决定开辟自己的花园，而自己的儿子就跟在身后，这一切似曾相识，让作者想起了自己的父亲，所以答案是B。考点：故事类阅读CSports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the en
22、vironment.Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses （球场） in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example,
23、 in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You dont need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don
24、t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.Whatever
25、 sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outd
26、oors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, its free.8. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?A. Cycling around a lake.B. Motor racing in the desert.C. Playing basketball in a gym.D. Swimmi
27、ng in a sports center.9. What do we know about golf from the passage?A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain.B. It causes water shortages around the world.C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.10. The author uses power walking a
28、s an example mainly because _.A. it is an outdoor sportB. it improves our healthC. it uses fewer resourcesD. it is recommended by experts11. The author writes the passage to _.A. show us the function of major sportsB. encourage us to go in for green sportsC. discuss the major influence of popular sp
29、ortsD. introduce different types of environment-friendly sports【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。运动可以让人保持健康也可以让人们接近大自然。然而不管你是在大山里，还是草地上运动，都应该注意人们对运动的选择都可能会影响到地球的环境。在文章中作者鼓励人们要多进行环保的、不消耗自然资源的运动，比如疾走锻炼或者自行车运动等。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第三段There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them
30、that you could take up today. You dont need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse.可知，有许多环保运动。步行是你今天可以做的事情之一。除了一双好鞋子，你不需要任何特殊的设备；你不必担心它需要资源和多花钱。所以A选项“骑自行车环湖”不需要专门的设备和场地，也不污染环境。故判断出作者支持骑自行车环湖。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第二段Golf, as you may k
31、now, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses （球场） in good condition. This causes major environmental effects.可知，高尔夫不仅消耗大面积的农村土地，还会消耗大量的水。此外，各种各样的化学物质和大量的能量被用来维持球场的状况良好。这造成了重大的环境影响。所以高
32、尔夫球场需要水和电来保持球场的绿色。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由第三段There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You dont need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse.可知，有许多环保运动。步行是你今天可以做的事情之一。除了一双好鞋子，
33、你不需要任何特殊的设备；你不必担心它需要资源和多花钱。所以作者以竞走为例，主要是因为竞走消耗的资源较少。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditi
34、onal health clubs and modern sports centers.可知，无论你从事什么运动，你都可以通过使用环保设备和购买由回收材料制成的产品来让它更环保。但最终目标应该是“绿色健身”。它们是传统健身俱乐部和现代体育中心的更好的替代品。所以判断出，作者写短文的目的是鼓励我们从事绿色运动。故选B项。DAlthough most hitchhikers (搭便车的人) are people, passers-by tend to ignore them because they are cautious about giving rides to strangers. But
35、 what will they do if they come across a hitchhiking robot? Will they take it to its destination or will they just leave the helpless machine by the wayside?That is the answer Canadian professors, David Harris Smith and Frauke Zeller, who study the relationship between humans and technology, are see
36、king for after they came up with the idea of building a hitchhiking robot.HitchBOT is built with cheap household items. Thanks to a PC tablet, GPS tracker and camera, hitchBOT not only can send its thoughts and pictures to the general public, but also can answer general questions and keep drivers en
37、tertained with small talks. The smart robot is even able to quote interesting facts about the areas it has passed through.Not surprisingly, many people are doubtful about hitchBOTs ability. Most people think the cute robot will be damaged by someone. Actually, they are all wrong. The robot hitchhike
38、d all the way from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Victoria, British Columbia, a distance of 3,700 miles. It was first picked up on July 27th by an elderly couple. It not only reached its destination on August 21st, but also had some amazing adventures along the way. It visited national parks, went fishing
39、, went camping, and even attended a wedding where it experienced its first dance and interrupted the brides speech.In addition to helping it get to its destination, its Canadian fans have gone out to ensure its safety from covering the robot with a plastic cape (披肩) to help keep it dry to ensuring t
40、hat it stays healthy with motor oil.12. Why is the hitchhiking robot built?A. To help passers-by reach their destinations.B. To find out how people might react to it.C. To see if it will give rides to strangers.D. To entertain drivers on their way.13. The hitchBOT can do all of the following except
41、. .A. talking with the driverB. dancing with peopleC. sending its thoughts and picturesD. answering any question raised14. How long did it take the hitchBOT to reach its destination?A. Nearly a month.B. Over one month.C. Two months.D. One week.15. What can we learn about the hitchBOT?A. It was ignor
42、ed by an elderly couple.B. It didnt meet with any danger along the way.C. It experienced a long and amazing journey.D. It will be put into the market quickly.【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文阅读。作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了一个会搭便车的机器人，这个机器人可以与司机交谈，向人们发送它的想法和图片，和人们跳舞，而这个机器人也经历了漫长的旅程到达目的地。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段T
43、hat is the answer Canadian professors，David Harris Smith and Frauke Zeller，who study the relationship between humans and technology，are seeking for after they came up with the idea of building a hitchhiking robot可知创造搭便车的机器人是为了了解人们可能对它作出何种反应。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Thanks to a PC tablet，GPS tracker and
44、 camera，hitchBOT not only can send its thoughts and pictures to the general public，but also can answer general questions and keep drivers entertained with small talks以及倒数第二段and even attended a wedding where it experienced its first dance and interrupted the brides speech可知这个机器人可以与司机交谈，发送它的想法和图片，和人们跳
45、舞，并不能回答全部的问题。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段It was first picked up on July 27th by an elderly coupleIt not only reached its destination on August 21st，but also had some amazing adventures along the way可知这个机器人从七月二十七日出发，在八月二十一日到达，因此经历了接近一个月到达目的地。故选A。15题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段The robot hitchhiked all the way from Halifa
46、x，Nova Scotia，to Victoria，British Columbia，a distance of 3，700milesIt was first picked up on July 27th by an elderly coupleIt not only reached its destination on August 21st，but also had some amazing adventures along the way可知这个机器人经历了一个漫长而惊人的旅程。故选C。【点睛】本文是一篇说明文阅读。主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原
47、句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。有的题目有时需要进行简单的计算或推理。小题3需要进行简单的时间计算，从7月27日到8月21日，大约的时间为接近一个月，从而可得出正确的答案。二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Saving Money on Holiday TravelThe holiday season isnt just about shopping and gifts. _16_ However, holiday travel can get expensive fast faster than you can imagine. Fortunately, the follo
48、wing tips will help you keep your travel spending under control. Plan ahead. The earlier you book your travel, from flights to hotels, the easier it is to find good deals._17_ In fact, many experts point out that you should book travel about one to three months earlier so that you can have more oppo
49、rtunities to find the best deals and you know what you will be doing. Book your air travel on cheaper days. Travelling by air on Tuesdays and Wednesdays often costs less than travelling on Fridays and Sundays. During the holidays, though, its not just about a specific day of the week._18_ Days immed
50、iately before and after a holiday can be expensive. If you can adjust your plans so that you can travel on Thanksgiving Day or Christmas Day, you might be able to find an even better deal. Consider travelling overnight. Overnight flights often cost less than those at more convenient times._19_ Depen
51、ding on where you are going, and the options of how to get there, overnight travel can help you avoid a night in the hotel, as well as save your money on travel to your destination. _20_ You cant bring liquids with you on the plane, but you can bring sandwiches and other snacks. When youre on the ro
52、ad, you can buy food at local groceries to make your own meals. If you are staying in a hotel for a long time, consider cooking your own food, especially if you have access to a microwave.A. Bring your own food.B. Consider affordable accommodations.C. Booking earlier can also save your money.D. If y
53、ou are flying, consider alternative airports.E. You also need to consider the days surrounding the holiday.F. A great deal of travel also takes place during this time of the year.G. Other alternatives include sleeper trains, as well as overnight ferries.【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. G 20. A【解析】本文是一篇应用文。
54、作者介绍了在假期里如何应提前做好计划安排。【16题详解】根据横线后有“not just”,后面有but also表示其它递进含义的选项就可备选，此处轻松可知，大量的旅行也发生在每年的这个时候。故选F。【17题详解】根据小标题或主题句plan ahead, 更是出现了关键词book预定,所以提前结合后文提前三周预定可save money。故选C。【18题详解】根据前句One of the best ways to save is to plan your air travel on the day of the holiday.节约钱的最好办法之一就是在节假日天预定机票。有节假日的只有F选项中有
55、Christmas Day。故选E.【19题详解】本段有主题句：Consider traveling overnight. 考虑过夜旅行，关键词是overnight, 所以只G项中有overnight。【20题详解】你不能带液体饲料到飞机上，但你可带三明治和其它零食。But后面的内容是作者要强调的，所以food就是能想到的关键词了，故A正确。【点睛】关于小标题的选择：七选五题型空格的设计主要分布在句首、句中和句尾，另外一种就是小标题的空格设计。凡是作为标题的句子，一定要短小精悍，概括性强，通常使用祈使句。例如小题5小标题的选择就是根据前几个小标题可以判断，此处为动词开头的祈使句，再根据后文的内
56、容就可以得出答案。三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）In my second year of high school, I met the anthropology (人类学) teacher, Mr. Croft. I didnt know anything about anthropology, so I never signed up for Mr. Crofts class. _21_, this didnt stop him from positively _22_my life.Mr. Croft was a _23_twenty-four hours a day af
57、ter school, before school, and in and out of his _24_. Mr. Croft inspired and taught every student at East High, _25_me. He often _26_me to become all I could possibly be.How could I possibly _27_Mr. Croft?After I graduated from high school, I had an opportunity to _28_football for thirteen-year-old
58、s. To get a feel for the boys _29_, I had each of them run out for a _30_. I wanted to see who could run, catch and throw so I could _31_a team in my mind.Two days into practice, a tall kid appeared on the field. He got in _32_, and when he ran out for a pass, I threw the ball. It hit him square in
59、the _33_. He picked up the _34_and ran it back to me. It came time for his second pass and I _35_him in the head again. With his nose bleeding and his lip swelling, he _36_the ball, raced it back to me, and got back in line.Later I got to know that he was the son of my anthropology teacher, Tommy Cr
60、oft. I was _37_. He said, “Im here because I want to play football. And I promise _38_youll help me, I know I can do it!”“Get back in line,” I told him. Here, at last, was my _39_to be a Mr. Croft to a Croft. Here was my chance to give something back. For the first time in my life, I _40_the meaning
61、 of “an educational system”. What goes around really does come around!21. A. BesidesB. OtherwiseC. HoweverD. Therefore22. A. controllingB. influencingC. savingD. supporting23. A. teacherB. workerC. helperD. director24. A. officeB. bedroomC. homeD. classroom25. A. directlyB. especiallyC. simplyD. eve
62、ntually26. A. encouragedB. askedC. persuadedD. reminded27. A. repayB. forgetC. refuseD. respect28. A. playB. coachC. followD. watch29. A. charactersB. courageC. abilitiesD. success30. A. showB. testC. passD. score31. A. joinB. trainC. manageD. organize32. A. wayB. lineC. teamD. competition33. A. che
63、stB. backC. armD. head34. A. gloveB. hatC. ballD. sweater35. A. kickedB. knockedC. beatD. hit36. A. threw awayB. put asideC. picked upD. got back37. A. interestedB. touchedC. puzzledD. shocked38. A. whenB. ifC. becauseD. though39. A. aimB. dreamC. partD. chance40. A. understoodB. foundC. conveyedD.
64、interpreted【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中讲述了作者上高中时经常受到Mr. Croft老师的鼓励，作者对恩施很感激，觉得无以回报恩师。毕业后作者训练了一批孩子踢足球，这群孩子当中其中一个就有恩师的儿子，作者很高兴有机会回报恩师。【21题详解】考查连词辨析。根据空前和空后信息，可知我从未报名参加Mr. Croft的课程，这并没有阻止
65、他影响我的生活。此处上下句含有转折。A项意为：“除之外还有”;B项意为：“否则，要不然”;C项意为：“然而，但是”;D项意为：“因此，所以”;故选C。【22题详解】考查动词辨析。根据下文 Mr. Croft inspired and taught every student at East High可知，Mr. Croft老师是“影响”我的生活。A项意为：“控制”;B项意为：“影响”;C项意为：“节约”;D项意为：“支持”;故选B。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。根据第一段中I met the anthropology teacher可知Mr. Croft是名老师；故选A。【24题详解】考查名词辨
66、析。该老师的影响是无时不在的（上学期间，放学期间，课上和课下）;故选D。【25题详解】考查副词辨析。每个学生都直接或间接的受到了Mr. Croft老师的影响。此处应是作者受到Mr. Croft的影响最大。A项意为：“直接地”;B项意为：“尤其是”;C项意为：“简单地”;D项意为：“最终地”;故选B。【26题详解】考查动词辨析。Mr. Croft肯定是常常鼓励作者要尽可能的成就自己。A项意为：“鼓励”;C项意为：“劝服”;D项意为：“提醒”;故选A。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。根据下文可知作者最后成了Mr. Croft的儿子的教练回报了恩师。故在开始时作者自问：怎样才能回报恩师。A项意为：“回报
67、”;B项意为：“忘记”;C项意为：“拒绝”;D项意为：“尊敬”;故选A。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。根据下段中It came time for his second pass作者是在（对队员）进行过关测试，可知此处作者应是训练这些13岁的孩子。coach n.教练;长途公共汽车; vt. 训练;指导.故选B。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。为了了解这些孩子的能力，作者让他们每一个人都进行过关测试。A项意为：“性格；人物”;B项意为：“勇气”;C项意为：“能力”;D项意为：“成功”;故选C。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。根据下一段中he run out for a pass可知,作者让队员进行过关测试
68、;故选C。【31题详解】考查动词辨析。根据下段中he run out for a pass和It came time for his second pass可知，作者组织过关测试目的是挑选人才以便组成队伍时（做到）心中有数。B项意为：“训练”;C项意为：“安排;管理”;D项意为：“组织”;故选D。【32题详解】考查名词辨析。根据本段最后一句got back in line可知答案。D项意为：“竞争”;故选B。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。根据本段中in the head again可知球击中头部。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词辨析。根据本段中的第16个空后的the ball可知答案。A项意为：“
69、手套”;B项意为：“帽子”;D项意为：“干衫”;故选C。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。根据本段中It hit him square in the可知是:再次击中头部。A项意为：“踢”;B项意为：“撞击”;C项意为：“击打”;D项意为：“击中”;故选D。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。根据本段中第14个空前的He picked up the可知,他的第二次动作和第一次动作一样。A项意为：“扔掉”;B项意为：“放在一边”;C项意为：“捡起”;D项意为：“返回”;故选C。37题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据空前信息可知，作者之前不知道这个高个男孩是Mr. Croft的儿子，所以作者（对他的儿子不气馁精神）
70、很震惊。A项意为：“感兴趣的”;B项意为：“感动的”;C项意为：“迷惑的”;D项意为：“震惊的”;故选D。【38题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：我保证我能做到，如果你愿意帮助我;故选B。【39题详解】考查名词辨析。根据下句可知，此处表达的是作者有机会（像Mr. Croft老师鼓励我一样）鼓励Mr. Croft的儿子，以回报恩师;故选D。【40题详解】考查动词辨析。此处应表达是作者在人生中首次明白了传承教育的意义。C项意为：“传达”;D项意为：“说明;口译”;故选A。【点睛】考生在做完形填空题时一定要注意上下文的连接，即：上文答案从下文找；下文答案从上文找。如：第10,12,13.14,15,16题
71、。四语法填空Although English is not as old as Chinese, it is spoken by many people around the world every day. English _41_(speak) are always making new words and we should be able to know where most words come from.Sometimes, however, no one may really know where a word comes from. Did you ever think abo
72、ut why hamburgers _42_(be)called hamburgers, _43_(especial) when they are not made of ham? About a hundred years ago, some men went to America _44_Europe. They came from a big city in Germany _45_(call) Hamburg. They did not speak good English, but they ate good food. Some Americans saw them eating
73、round pieces of beef. Never had they seen such a strange way. They couldnt help _46_(ask) the Germans what it was. The Germans did not understand the question and answered, We came from Hamburg. One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He made up _47_mind to do something new. He c
74、ooked some round pieces of the beef like _48_the men from Hamburg ate and _49_(sell) it quite a few countries around the world.Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is _50_(interest).【答案】41. speakers 42. are 43. especially 44. from 45. called 46. asking 47. his 48. what 49. sold 50. intere
75、sting【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以汉堡包为例，介绍了英语词汇的来历，了解一些单词的来历是一件非常有趣的事情。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：说英语的人总是在创造新单词，我们应该能够知道大多数单词来自哪里。“说英语的人”English speaker，由are可知，此处使用复数形式。故填speakers。【42题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：你有没有想过为什么汉堡包被称为汉堡包，尤其是当它们不是由火腿制成的时候？be动词的主语为hamburgers，此处描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故填are。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：你有没有想过为什么汉堡包被称为汉堡包，尤其是当它们不是由火腿制成
76、的时候？分析句子when they are not made of ham?可知，它一个主谓宾齐全的句子，需要用副词来修饰整个句子。故填especially。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：大约一百年前，一些人从欧洲去了美洲。通过下文They came from a big city in Germany(他们来自德国的一个名叫汉堡的大城市)，可知，他们来自欧洲，需要用“来自”from。故填from。【45题详解】考查过去分词。句意：他们来自德国的一个名叫汉堡的大城市。分析句子可知，call的逻辑主语是city，它们之间存在着被动关系。called Hamburg“名叫汉堡的”，做后置定语，修饰
77、city。故填called。【46题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他们不禁问德国人那是什么。cant/couldnt help doing sth.“情不自禁做某事”。故填asking。【47题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他下定决心做一些新的事情。根据固定搭配make up ones mind“下定决心”，再因为本句的主语是he，它的物主代词是his。故填his。【48题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他烹饪了一些圆形片状牛肉，就像来自汉堡的人们吃的那样，然后卖给世界上很多国家。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，且指物。故填what。【49题详解】考查动词时态。句意：他烹饪了一
78、些圆形片状牛肉，就像来自汉堡的人们吃的那样，然后卖给世界上很多国家。分析句子可知，and是并列连词，连接了cooked和sell两个动词，这个故事描述的是过去的事情，需要用sell的过去式。故填sold。【50题详解】考查形容词。句意：不管这个故事是真是假，它肯定很有趣。分析句子可知，此处用形容词做表语，而且是这个故事很有趣。故填interesting。五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）51.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.请找出，并按下列情况改正：增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词.删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉.修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下
79、面写出修改后的词.注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分.With the Internet playing an important part in our daily life, more and more students can get access the Internet. They mostly use the Internet for three major purposes, among them seeking informations is the most popular. They also use it for com
80、munication and funny, such as watching movies and playing games. Beside, shopping online is gradually becoming part of their life. However, the Internet meanwhile bring about problems. Some students spend much time online games. Worst still, something unhealthy on the Internet does greatly harm to s
81、tudents. Thus, proper guidance should be giving on how to make a good use of the Internet.【答案】1. access后面加to2. them改为which3. informations改为information4. funny改为fun5. Beside改为Besides6. life改为lives7. bring改为brings8. Worst改为Worse9. greatly改为great10. giving改为given【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文中主要讲解了网络在我们生活中起着重要的作用，一
82、方面对给我们带来了便利 ，另一方面也有不利影响，所以要正确地使用网络。【详解】1. 考查固定搭配。固定搭配get access to“有机会使用，接近”。故在access后面加to。2. 考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，本句的先行词为three major purposes，关系词前有介词，所以只能用which引导。故将them改为which。3. 考查名词的数。information为不可数名词，无复数。故将informations改为information。4. 考查名词。for是介词，介词后跟名词，for fun“为了娱乐”。故将funny改为fun。5. 考查副词。beside“在
83、旁边”是介词。besides表示“此外”，是副词。根据句意，这里需要用“此外”。故将Beside改为Besides。6. 考查名词的数。life在这里指生活的种类，为可数名词，前面有their修饰，所以用复数。故将life改为lives。7. 考查主谓一致。主语为the Internet，文章时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数。故将bring改为brings。8. 考查固定搭配。worse still“更糟的是”。故将Worst改为Worse。9. 考查形容词。harm是名词，所以用形容词great来修饰。故将greatly改为great。10. 考查过去分词。give和句子主语之间
84、是被动关系，所以用被动语态，被动语态的基本结构是be+done。故将giving改为given。【点睛】介词+which/whom引导的定语从句是考试过程中的重难点。在这个结构中，关系代词which/whom做的是介词的宾语。which/whom的选用，根据先行词来判断，先行词是人就用whom,先行词是物就用which。本题中的第2小题，介词among“在之间”，先行词是three major purposes，所以只能用which引导。故将them改为which。六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）52.假定你是李华，将作为一名交换生到伦敦某高中进行为期一个月的学习。请你根据以下提示
85、给该校宿舍管理办公室的负责人Peter写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1. 询问有关学校住宿的情况；2. 希望在校园内找一个带卫生间的房间，最好在一楼，不介意与其他学生共用；3. 如果学校这个要求不能满足，询问学校能够提供什么样的住宿条件。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；Dear Peter，_Yours，Li Hua【答案】Dear Peter，I am Li Hua, who will go to your school in London for a month as an exchange student. Knowing you are in charge
86、 of the dormitory management of the school, I am writing the e-mail to you to ask about school accommodation. If conditions permit, I hope to find a room with a bathroom on campus, preferably on the first floor, and do not mind sharing one room with other students. If the school does not meet this r
87、equirement, I wonder what kind of accommodation the school can provide. Looking forward to your early reply so that I can make arrangement ahead of time. Yours，Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给校宿舍管理办公室的负责人Peter写一封邮件，询问有关他交流期间住宿的事宜。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这
88、种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.表明身份 2.有关宿舍的要求 1）希望在校内找到带浴室的房间（a room with a bathroom on campus） 2）不介意与同学合住（do not mind sharing one room with other students） 3) 是否有其他住宿条件（whether other kinds of accommodation）第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）an exchange student, in charge of, school accommodation, on campus, meet this requirement, make
89、 arrangement第三步：连词成句1. I will go to your school in London for a month as an exchange student. 2. You are in charge of the dormitory management of the school. 3. I am writing the e-mail to you to ask about school accommodation.4. I hope to find a room with a bathroom on campus 5. I can make arrangeme
90、nt ahead of time.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, b
91、ut, Although, In spite of+n./ doing, On the one hand, On the other hand Some, while others, as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，如：I am Li Hua, who will go to y
92、our school in London for a month as an exchange student.这句话运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句。如：Looking forward to your early reply so that I can make arrangement ahead of time.这句话运用了so that引导的结果状语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如mind doing sth. ; ahead of time; look forward to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
