1、专题05 非谓语动词 我们从中考题中分析，对于非谓语动词语法能力考察集中于以下两点： （1）动词不定式（2）动名词、现在分词考向分析：中考对于非谓语动词的考察要求考生们：（1）掌握非谓语动词的定义；（2）掌握动词不定式的用法；（3）掌握一些特殊结构。非谓语动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词【现在分词和过去分词（done）】，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。通常出现在单项选择，语法选择，语法填空，选词填空等考题中。考向一：动词不定式：to+ do不定式的作用例句作主语To learn i
2、s very important.To drive in the right is not allowed here.注意：不定式作主语时，可置句首。如果过长，可采用it作形式主语，不定式后置的结构。重点句式：1.It is/was+adj./n.+ to do（做什么。是。）It was difficult to answer the question.重点句式：2.It is/was+ adj.+ for sth./sb. +to do.3.It is/was + adj.+ of sb.to doIt is necessary for this door to be locked.It
3、is very kind of you to help me.4. It takes/took sb. +时间+ to do sth.5. sb.+ be + adj. + to do sth.6. think/find + it +adj.+ to do sth.作表语The most important thing is not to give up.作宾语I want to swim in the pool.They intend to postpone the trip.A good translator is hard to find.作定语 Give him an ornament
4、 to polish.I need a volunteer to take the minutes.作状语The officer returned to help.（目的状语）My parents will be happy to meet you.（原因状语） 考向二：动名词形式：动名词与现在分词同型(v-ing）起到名词的作用动名词的作用例句作主语（谓语动词为单数）Reading helps you learn English.作宾语（有的动词直接加动名词作其宾语；有的加介词后动名词作其宾语）1. He quit smoking a year ago.2.I look forward to
5、 helping you paint the house.It+形容词+动名词It is no use telling him not to worry.（此类形容词还包括：better、wonderful、enjoyable、interesting、foolish、difficult、useless、senseless、worthwhile）作表语（对主语进一步说明，相当于一个名词）1. My job is teaching.2.Seeing is believing.作定语（表示用途或性质）1. a swimming pool=a pool for swimming2. a moving
6、truck=a truck for moving. 考向三：不定式与疑问词的连用不定式可以和疑问词who, when, what, how,等构成不定式短语，在句中作主语宾语和表语。如：I dont know what to say.I dont know what to do.I dont know how to do it.I dont know what to do about it. 考向四：常见非谓语考向常用的带动词不定式to do的词want ,would like ,agree, decide ,refuse ,learn tooto do, adj.+ enough to do
7、常用的带to do做宾语补足语 (v. + sb. + to do )的词ask sb.(not) to do sth., tell sb.(not) to do sthwant, would like, wish , teach , allow , encourage ,help ,warn .常用的不带to 的情况let , make , had better. see, hear, watch 常用的只带 doing的词Keep, enjoy ,practise, finish ,mindbe busy doing, spend(in) doingsuggest doing, prefe
8、r doing to doing介词+ doing 考向五：动词接Ving和to do的区别 有些谓语动词之后既可以加动词不定式 to do，也可以加动名词 doing，但是它们的中文意思不同。如： stop to do something 停止手中事，去做另一件事 stop doing something 停止正在做的事remember / forget / regret to do something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾要做某事（指动作尚未发生）remember / forget / regret doing something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾做了某事（指动作已经发生）tr
9、y to do something 设法，努力去做，尽力try doing something 试试去做，看有何结果mean to do something 打算做，企图做mean doing something 意思是，意味着当谓语动词是感观动词时，其形式是：谓语动词+sb. / sth.+ do / doing， 但用法有区别：如：watch sb. do 观看某人做了某事 see sb. do 看见某人做了某事watch sb. doing 观看某人正在做某事 see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事hear sb. do 听见某人做了某事 find sb. do 发现某人做了某事
10、hear sb. doing 听见某人正在做某事 find sb. doing 发现某人正在做某事 1. （2023广州语法选择）He was not fast enough _ the worms (虫子) Mama Bird brought back. A. getB. gotC. gettingD. to get2. （2023广州语法选择）He practiced _ his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger.A. flapB. to flapC. flappingD. flapped3. （2023扬州）Scienc
11、e is my favourite subject, so I have prepared _ the STEAM Club.A. joinB. joiningC. to joinD. to joining4. （2023天津）David learnt _ when he was five.A. swimB. swimsC. swamD. to swim1. （2023长春）We expect the world _ China better after the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou.A. understandingB. to understandC. un
12、derstoodD. understand2. （2023南通）_ healthy, weve got used to washing hands before meals and using public chopsticks.A. KeepingB. KeepC. To keepD. To keeping3（2023辽宁盘锦）These flowers dont always need _, so you _ them every day.Ato water; dont need to water Bwatering; neednt to waterCto water; dont need
13、 water Dwatering; dont need to water4（2023江苏扬州）The career he devoted himself to _ him _ by people all over the world.Amade; rememberedBmaking; rememberCmaking; was rememberedDmade; to remember5（2023湖南湘西）I often practice _ the piano in the morning, but my neighbors dont mind _ the sound.Aplay; hearin
14、gBplaying; hearingCplaying; to hear6（2023江苏淮安）We had much difficulty _ the problem. We really went through a hard time.Ato solveBsolvingCsolveDsolved7（2023江苏扬州二模）_ our eyesight, we should pay attention to the distance between our eyes and the book or screen.AProtectBTo protectCProtectingDTo protecti
15、ng8（2023上海浦东二模）Working in the field for a whole day let the children _ the farmers hard life.AunderstandBto understandCunderstoodDunderstanding9（2023上海模拟预测）_ for dog food and visiting the vet are really expensive.APayBTo payCPaidDPaying10（2023湖北武汉模拟）If you want _ your pronunciation, keep on _ every
16、day.Aimprove, to practiceBimproved, practicingCimproving, to practice.Dto improve, practicing11. Why have you kept me _ here for so long time?A. waitedB. to waitC. waitingD. to waiting12. His aunt wanted to have him _ the radio, but he had had it _ already. （人教版U7句式） A. repair；repair B. to repair；re
17、pairC. repaired；to repairD. repair；repaired13. Im sorry I forgot _ the dictionary to you. A. returned B. returning C. to return D. return14. You must have the classroom after school. Its too dirty.（人教版U7句式）A. cleanB. cleaning C. cleanedD.to clean15. _ important _ us not to give up when we fail each
18、time.A. Its, forB. Its, ofC. Thats, forD. Thats, of16. Do you know when _ the day after tomorrow?A. leaveB. leavingC. to leaveD. will leave17. Amy, Im not good at basketball. What should I do?Why not _ a basketball club to practise _ basketball?A. join, playingB. to join, to playC. attend, playingD.
19、 to attend, to play18. After you finish _ the story, do you know what _ next?A. to write; doingB. writing; doingC. to write; to doD. writing; to do19. Stamps used to _ very common, but we are used to _ emails now, so we seldom buy stamps.A. be, writeB. be, writingC. being, writingD. being, write20.
20、I will show you _.A. what to doB. to do whatC. how to doD. to do how21. Remember _ the book in time when you have finished _ it .A. to return; readingB. returning; readingC. returning; to readD. to return; to read22. Amy, Im not good at basketball. What should I do?Why not _ a basketball club to pra
21、ctise _ basketball?A. join, playingB. to join, to playC. attend, playingD. to attend, to play23. I heard your brother failed the exam this time.Yes, he decided _ novel books.A. readingB. not readingC. to readD. not to read24. These days, I spend my weekends _ the children without parents. I enjoy it
22、 very much.A. to helpB. helpingC. helpD. helped25. _ fish with cormorants _ a traditional skill.A. Catching, isB. Catching, areC. Catch, isD. Catch, are26. Margaret is still trying _ the Physics problem by herself in the classroom.A. to work out B. working out C. to working out D. worked out27. The
23、children were made _ their homework first.A. do B. to do C. did D. doing28. Maria used to _ late. But now she is used to _ early.A. getting up; get up B. get up; get up C. get up; getting up D. getting up; getting up29. It is a good idea for teachers _ teenagers to have less homework.A. to allow B.
24、to allowed C. allow D. allowing30. I dont know how to draw. Dont worry. Ill show you _.A. what to do B. what to do it C. how to do D. how to do it31. I saw Tom _ on the playground a moment ago.A. was playing B. to play C. played D. playing32. I didnt know why he refused _ me the truth.A. tell B. to
25、tell C. telling D. to telling33. I eat junk food every day, it tastes so delicious. Its not good for your health. Why not _ less junk food?A. try eating B. try to eat C. try eat D. try to eating34. The Red Cross is always the first _help to victims when a disaster happens.A. provide B. providing C.
26、to provide D. to providing35. Charlie admitted his cheating in the maths exam and promised _ cheat any longer.A. wont B. doesnt C. not to D. to not36. The tent is _ for a family of three _.A. big enough; to live in B. enough big; to live in itC. big enough; to live D. enough big; live in37. Susans p
27、arents often make her _ the violin for three hours on weekends .A. practice to play.B. practice playingC. to practice playingD. practicing to play38. We found _ very interesting _ English.A. it; learning B. it; to learn C. that; to learn D. this; learning39. Why did you call Jack just now? _ him abo
28、ut our school trip.A. Tell B. To tell C. Telling D. Tells40. How much time does it _ you _ there?A. spend; getting B. spend; to get C. take; to get D. take; getting41. You must be tired now. Why not _ a rest?A. to stop to have B. to stop having C. stop to have D. stop having42. His dream is _a music
29、ian someday.A. to becoming B. becomes C. become D. to become43. My mother often asks me _ early.A. get up B. gets up C. getting up D. to get up44. The teacher made the boy _ the sentence five times after school.A. to write B. write C. wrote D. written45. He is too tired _ any longer.A. not to walk B
30、. not walking C. walking D. to walk46. Mr Lee really loves animals and he has made a decision to do everything he is looking forward to _ animals. He is really an animal-lover.A. protecting B. to hunt C. to protect D. hunting47. Would you like _ shopping with me? Id like to. But Im busy _ the housew
31、ork.A. going; to go B. to go; going C. to go; to do D. going; doing48. How do you study for an English test? _.A. By work with friends B. By listen to tapesC. By asking the teacher with help D. By making word cards49. The boy needs _ and his bike needs _.A. to rest; to mend B. resting; mending C. to
32、 rest; mending D. resting; to mend50. The movie is really worth _, because its so educational.A. watches B. watch C. to watch D. watching二、 用所给词的适当形式填空1. I enjoy _ (work) here with all of you. 2. Would you like _ （come）with us?3. Thank you for _ (give) me so much help. 4. I remember _ (tell) you abo
33、ut him that day. 5. What can we use computers for? - _(send) e-mail.6. _(take) a walk for a while after meals is good for our health.7. Well try our best _ (save) the girls life. 8. I think this book is worth _ （read）many times. 9 . _(improve) his playing skills, He practises _ （play）the piano every
34、 day 10 .How about _ (go) to the cinema tonight?11. I will keep _ （try）and never give up. 12. Why not go to the beach and _ （have）a picnic?13. I am looking forward to _ （hear）from you. 14. Youd better _(take) the medicine on time. 15. Lily has trouble _ （work）out these problems. 16. He couldnt help
35、_ （laugh）when he heard the joke. 17. They made him _ （cry）. 18.While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped _ (run) and lay on the ground, so we all stopped_ (see)what was wrong with him. 19. Sarah, youd better drink more water after _ (run) for such a long time. 20. Its important _finish) the work on time.
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