专题04 中考时态.docx

1、专题04 中考时态&动词填空&常考句式考点 一般现在时：谓语动词用原形或第三人称单数 一般过去时：谓语用动词的过去时动词时态 一般将来时：谓语用will/shall/be going to+动词原形 现在进行时： 谓语用am/is/are+动词的现在分词 现在完成时： 谓语用have/has+动词的过去分词 过去进行时：谓语用was/were+动词的现在分词六种时态总结种类谓语形式用法be动词的一般现在时行为动词及其他连系动词的一般现在时is, am, are表语，根据人称而定表示现在的状态。1.动词原形2.主语是单数第三人称，谓语加s，es1.表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作；2.描述客观真理、

2、客观存在或科学事实等；3.在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。be动词的一般过去时行为动词及其他连系动词的一般过去时was/were表语1.表示过去存在的状态；2.表示过去经常存在的状态。动词的过去式1.表示过去发生的动作；2.表示过去经常发生的动作。现在进行时am/is/are动词的现在分词1.表示说话时或目前正在进行的动作；2与always，usually等词连用，表示赞扬、厌恶或不满的情绪。过去进行时was/were+动词的现在分词表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。一般将来时1.will/shall动词原形2. be going to动词原形3. be位移v.ing1.b

3、e going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定要发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。主语可以是人，也可以是物；2.在含有时间、条件状语从句的复合句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时来代替将来时；3.一些表示位移的动词，如go, come, leave, arrive, fly, start, move等，常用现在进行时表示将来时。现在完成时have/has动词的过去分词1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果；2.表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去，常与“for时间段”或“since表示过去的时间点或时间段”连用；注意：终止性动词在现在完成时中不能和表示一段

4、时间的状语连用，但在否定句中可以和一段时间连用。动词填空题解题技巧：在动词填空题中，如果括号里已经给出动词，首先要判断它是做谓语还是非谓语。若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。下面我们来介绍一些做题方法：（1） 查找时间标志词若括号中所给的是动词，并且根据其在句中所处的位置和成分判断是谓语动词时，首先寻找时间标志词；如果句中有标志性的时间状语，则往往可以根据时间状语填写相应的时态。【例题精讲】【例1】 How do you like your English teacher? He is great.

5、 We friends since three years ago. A. were B. have made C. have been D. have become【答案】C【解析】现在完成时态的用法。由答句中的since three years ago可知，主语用现在完成时态，且动词用延续性动词，因此选C。【例2】Emily，dont feed tigers and lions in the zooI you many times.（warn）【答案】have warned【解析】根据标志词many times可知用现在完成时，表示动作发生的次数。 【例3】Shall we go out

6、for a swim? Sorry, I cant. I _ housework for my mother now. A. am doing B. is doing C. are doing D. did【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。根据语境“我不能出去游泳，（因为）我现在正在为我妈妈做家务。”后有now.故用现在进行时。选A。【例4】John likes playing soccer very much and he _ about one hour playing it every day.A. spent B. will spend C. has spent D. spends【答

7、案】 D【解析】考查时态。由likes和后面every day可知用一般现在时。注意：动词的时态一般都有其相应的时间状语，请同学们熟记下6种常用时态所对应的时间状语。(1)一般现在时:often,always,usually,seldom,now,everyday等;(2)一般过去时:then,yesterday,lastweek,afterthat,ago, the other day, in 1990s等;(3)现在进行时:now,rightnow,atpresent,atthismoment,thesedays等;(4)过去进行时:then,atthattime,atthistimeye

8、sterday等;(5)现在完成时:recently,lately,upto/tillnow,sofar,inthepast/lastfewmonths/years,for+一段时间,since+时间点等, already, yet, twice, many times;(6)一般将来时:tomorrow,today,nextweek/month, inanhour,inthecoming/followingfewweeks等;（2）主从句时态呼应如果所填空格的句子是含有状语从句或宾语从句的主从复合句，可根据主从句时态呼应的原则填上正确的时态。根据主从句时态呼应原则解题时，要把握好以下几点：在

9、时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时。正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时，考生应熟知以下规则：a) 主句动词为现在时，则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时态；b) 主句动词为过去时，则从句动词须用恰当的过去的某种时态（表示客观真理时使用一般现在时）。【例题精讲】【例1】 If there is any change to the plan, I _ you as soon as possible. A. toldB. have toldC. tellD. will tell 【答案】D【解析】本题时态的用法。作

10、为连词，引导条件状语从句，它表示的意思是“假如”“如果”等。在复合句中如果主句用将来时，则if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。故选D。【例2】 I didnt hear you because I the news on the radio.A. listen to B. am listening to C. listened to D. was listening to【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意为“因为我正在听新闻我听不清楚你说的话”，主句为一般过去时态，强调两个动作同时发生从句用过去进行时态，故选D。【例3】 Mr. Li _ us a report on our environme

11、nt when the earthquake happened in Japan.A. gave B. is giving C. was giving【答案】C【解析】本题考查时态的用法。根据题意：当日本地震时，李先生正给我们做关于环境的报告。在有when引导的时间状语中一般用进行时态，结合句中时态则用过去进行时态。故本题选C。【例4】 I dont know if Mr. Li _ to the party this evening.- I think he will come if he _ free.A. will come; is B. will come; will be C. co

12、mes; is D. comes; will be【答案】A【解析】从句时态的考察 本题考察if引导的从句时态的考察，第一个if引导的是宾语从句，“李老师今晚是不是将参加我们的聚会”应用一般将来时；第二个if引导的是条件状语从句应“主将从现”。【例5】 When should I hand in my paper? Your paper must _ as soon as the bell_ .A. hand in; rings B. hand in; will ringC. be handed in; will ring D. be handed in: rings【答案】D 【解析】被动语

13、态与as soon as的用法。paper作主语 (为“交卷”的承受者)，故要用被动语态，as soon as表示“一就”，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故选择D。【例6】 We are glad to hear that the Greens _ to a new flat next week.A) move B) moved C) will move D) have moved【答案】C【解析】考查点：一般将来时的用法。 解题思路：这是一个由that引导的宾语从句，主句使用一般将来时，从句可以使用各种时态；由从句中next week可以看出主句要使用一般将来时，故答案选C。【例7】Alt

14、hough Bill isnt rich enough, he often _ money to the poor.A. will give B. was givingC. givesD. gave【答案】C【解析】考查点：本题考查的是时态。解题思路：题中“Although Bill isnt rich enough”使用的是一般现在时态，所以后半句也使用一般现在时。故本题选C。（3）注意固定搭配英语中有很多固定搭配或特殊句式，使用的动词时态非常固定。如果句子构成某种固定搭配或特殊句式，则根据规则使用相应的时态。【例题精讲】【例1】Mary isnt here at the moment. S

15、he _ later.a. comes B. came C. has come D. is coming【答案】D【解析】时态的考察 句意为“玛丽现在不在这里，稍候她将马上来”。come，go, move等表示位置移动的词常用进行时鄙视将来。【例2】This is the first time we _(see) a film in the cinema together as a family.【答案】have seen【解析】This is the first / second /last.time (that).是固定结构，后面的从句中应使用现在完成时。如果把is改为was，则后面的从句

16、中应使用过去完成时。【例3】 How can I apply for an online course?Just fill out this form and we _(see) what we can do for you.【答案】will see【解析】“祈使句（或名词词组）+ and(或or)简单句”是并列句的一种固定句式，and（或or）后的简单句通常用一般将来时。（4）细心体会语境近年来中考试题对时态语态考查的要求越来越高，设题趋向于不出现时间状语，而向情境化、实际化的方向发展。因此，细心体会所给语境，根据具体语境选择合适的时态是考生需要重点解决的问题。 【例题精讲】【例1】Woul

17、d you please keep silent? The weather report _（broadcast）and I want to listen.【答案】is being broadcast / will be broadcast。【解析】由“I want to listen.”可知，说话时天气预报正在播报或将要播报，应使用进行时或将来时，且表示被动含义，故填is being broadcast /will be broadcast。【例2】-Where is Michael? -He _ TV at home, I think. A. watches B. watched C. i

18、s watching D. was watching 【答案】C【解析】考查点：考察时态。解题思路：根据句意：Michael在哪里？我想他在家。句问的是现在的情况，所以问句应该回答现在的动作。故用现在进行时态，其结构是be(is/am/are)+doing。故选C。 【例3】What did the teacher say just now? Sorry. I didnt catch it. I _ something else.A. thinkB. will thinkC. was thinkingD. had thought【答案】C【解析】时态的考查。根据句意“刚才老师说什么了？对不起，

19、我不知道。我在想别的事情”。说明当时“我”正在做其他的事情，应该是过去进行时态。【例4】 Where is Ben? He _ to the teachers office. He will be back soon.A. go B. has goneC. has been【答案】B【解析】考查现在完成时的用法。have been to “曾经去过某地”；have gone to “去某地了，还未回来”。句意： 本在哪里？ 他去办公室了。他不久就回来。故选B。【例5】Why didnt you hear me when I called your name in class？Sorry，sir

20、I how to spend the coming summer holiday A. imagine B. was imagine C. imagined D. will imagine【答案】was imagining【解析】根据语境，上文说你为什么没听到我喊你，动作发生在过去，过去我喊你的时候你正在做什么用过去进行时。动词填空易错题1. Outgoing children prefer showing their feelings openly to _(control) them within themselves.答案：controlling2. The student went o

21、n to play computer games, _(forget) all about his homework.答案：forgetting3. My cousin had his hair _(cut) yesterday. What do you think of his new hairstyle?答案：cut4. Jack prefers _(sell) his old house _(buy) a new one.答案：to sell ; to buy5. _(build) another house for me and I will give you a lot of mon

22、ey.答案：Build6. The ipad _(connect) to the Internet seems to be Davids. I once saw him play games on it.答案：connected7. The road _ (connect) the small village to Shanghai is very narrow.答案：connecting8. The keyboard _ (connect) to the computer so that I could type a letter more easily.答案：was connected9.

23、 The charity show he devoted much time to_ (prove) to be a success.答案：proved10. The boy his teacher paid much attention to _ (improve) a lot in the test at last.答案：improved11. I am sorry for having you _ (wait) so long.答案：wait12. The boss often has his workers _ (work) for extra hours.答案：work13. Do

24、you know who the teachers had _ (represent) our school to attend the meeting?答案：represent14. Something is wrong with my bike. Ill have it _ (repair).答案：repaired15. The man becomes even _ (sad) when he heard the terrible sound.答案：sadder16. The president is very tired every day because he has to make

25、many important _ (decide).答案：decisions17. There were quite a few mistakes in his homework because he did it so _ (care).答案：carelessly18. More young men _ in this factory if it develops.(require)答案：will be required19. If it _ (matter), you will _ (punish) at once.答案：matters; be punished20. As soon as

26、 he _ (get) angry with his neighbor, he will _ (send) to the hospital at once.答案：gets; be sent21. The robot Simon is curious about _ (buy) yesterday.答案：was bought22. _either the World Cup or the Olympic Games _ (hold) every four years?答案：is; held23. _ (care) too much about your child may cause menta

27、l problems.答案：caring24. John, like other children who have no parents, _ (take) good care of by the government.答案：is taken25. im sure that the price of the house in our city will _ (无疑) go down.答案：certainly26. Red is an exciting color, people think it is _ (连接) with power and strength.答案：connected27

28、. Nearly half of the village which has been there for nearly one thousand years _ (burn) down by the great fire if further actions are not taken.答案：will be burned28. The speech seemed endless and there appeared many _ (厌烦) looks on the audiences face.答案：bored29. In china, people _ (suppose) to shake

29、 hands when they meet for the first time.答案：are supposed30. _ he _ (pay) more if he does extra work for the company?答案：will; be paid单项选择1. The life we were used to _ greatly since 2000. A. change B. has changed C. changing D. changed2. When shall we go and play basketball? Not until the work _ tomor

30、row. A. will finish B. have finished C. will be finished D. is finished3. Tom, I told you how to solve the math problem in the last lesson. Im sorry, Mr. Lin. I _about the plan for the class trip. A. think B. thought C. was thinking D. have thought4. Keep quiet, please! You must know talking loudly_

31、 in the reading room. A. is not allowed B. is allowed C. doesnt allow D. allows5. Next term one thousand junior high school graduates _ as pilots in China. A. train B. will train C. will be trained D. have been trained6. Mum, lets go shopping together. Cant you see Im so busy, dear? I _ tomorrows me

32、eting. A. prepare B. am preparing C. was preparing D. have prepared7. Taobao, Chinas biggest online shopping platform, _ the ways Chinese people shop and live.A. changes B. changed C. has changed D. was changing8. To live on Mars, you need to wear boots which _ to prevent you from floating off into

33、space. A. design B. designed C. are designing D. are designed9. Lots of people like to take a walk on Nanjing City Wall since it _. A. repaired B. was repaired C. has repaired D. is repaired10. About 20 works from Pablo Picasso (毕加索) _ to the public at the Nanjing International Art Festival in Septe

34、mber this year. A. was shown B. were shown C. are shown D. will be shown11. Pukou Railway Station _ in 1911 and it has become a filming location for films and TV plays in recent years. A. build B. is built C. built D. was built12. When will Uncle Sam come to see us? Hell visit us this weekend. He _

35、me that by email. A. told B. is told C. will tell D. was going to tell13. Hobo, can I eat the hamburger? Sure, if the dishes _.A. wash B. are washed C. will wash D. will be washed14. Is there a library in Gaochun? Yes, a new library _ and is now open to the public.A. will be built B. was built C. ha

36、s been built D. is built15. Linda, together with her parents, _ up the mess in the park at the moment. Its meaningful to be a volunteer. Lets join them.A. is cleaning B. are cleaning C. has cleaned D. have cleaned【答案】1-5 BDCAC 6-10 BCDBD 11-15 DABCA中考需掌握以下句型：(1)find(think, feel, make)+it +形容词+to do

37、sth(2) Its time for sth Its time to do sth Its time for sb to do sth(3) It is +形+ to do sth It is +形 for sb +to do sth It is +形+of sb to do sth（表示一个人品格属性的用介词of）(4)It takes sb some time to do sth(5)Its ones turn to do sth (6)Its (has been) +一段时间+since的从句=一段时间+has passed +since的从句(7) There is (are)+名词

38、+介短 There was (were)+名词+介短 There is (are) going to be +名词+介短 There have(has) been +名词+介短 There seem(s) to beThere must/may beThere used to be(8)计量的表达结构：主语+be+数+量+形容词(9) 祈使句+and(then)+简单句（着重鼓励） 祈使句+or+简单句（着重警告）(10)until notuntil unless(11)so (such)that(enoughto/tooto)(12) why not do what (how) about

39、doing Shall I (we) do sth(13)the+比较级, the+比较级(14) so +倒装 neither/nor+倒装 so+主语+谓语 (15) Will you please do (not do)? Would you please do (not do)?(16)How do you like(last night)?=What do you think of? What do you like about?(17)Would like to do sth(18) He is the first person to walk in space.(19)疑问词+不

40、定式 What to do with=how to deal with What to do=How to do it (20) sth cost sb sb payfor sth sb buy sth for money/at the price of sb spends on sth (21)find/make/keep+宾语+宾语补足语（形容词/分词/动词不定式）(22)prefer sth to sth Prefer doing to doingprefer to do sth rather than do would rather do sth than do sth(23)have

41、 sth. done =get sth. done have sb. do sth. get sb. to do sth.have sth. to do (有事要做)(24)sound(taste, smell, feel, look)等感观动词,get/become/turn后面跟形容词做表语 stay happy/healthy/alive, keep fit, go wrong/missing/bad(25)数词+more+复数名词=another+数词+复数名词(26)Its said/ known/ reported +that+从句It seems +that+从句(27)Taki

42、ng enough exercise is important.(28)倒装句so, neither，here和介词短语放在句首。 If your son doesnt go, neither/nor will hers. They like beef, so they do and so do we. Here comes the bus!Here it is!Among the hills is a big garden.(29)one of the +adj.最高级+n.(pl.)(30)This is the +adj.最高级+n.+定语从句：I have ever read/seen/heard(31)the first longest river,the second most useful invention