1、Period ThreeGrammar，Speaking & Writing英语句子的主语和谓语要一致。常见的有下列几种情况：一、语法结构的一致1.由连词and或both.and.连接的两个并列成分作主语，其谓语动词一般用复数。Both Tom and his brother have passed the exam.汤姆和他弟弟都通过了考试。注意：(1)当and连接的两个词或词组表达的是同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数。如果这两个词都是名词，则第二个名词前不用冠词。(2)主语后有with，together with，like，but，as well as，except，including
2、，rather than，besides等引导的词或短语时，谓语动词要和最前面的主语保持一致。The peasant and writer is making a speech in the meeting room.那位农民作家正在会议室里发表演讲。The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.老师带着一些学生正在参观工厂。2.两个并列的名词前有each，every，no，many a等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数。Each student and each teacher was given a ticket.
3、每个学生和老师都发了一张票。Every man and every woman is at work.所有人都在工作。Many a desk and many a bench is to be taken out of the hall.许多课桌和凳子将被搬出大厅。3.在正式的文体中，由not only.but also.，neither.nor，either.or，or等连接两个并列主语时，其谓语动词与其靠近的主语保持一致。there be句式也是如此。Not only the students but also the teacher hasnt come.学生和老师都没来。Neither
4、 the children nor the mother likes this kind of music.孩子们和妈妈都不喜欢这种音乐。Either you or I am to blame.你或我该受责备。There is a book and two pens on the desk.书桌上有一本书和两支钢笔。即时跟踪1用所给动词的正确形式填空1.You or I am(be)going to welcome them this afternoon.2.Neither his wife nor his parents want(want) to go to Taiwan.3.Each c
5、itizen over 18 years old in our country has(have) the right to vote.4.Every effort was made(make) to search the missing MH370 by many countries.5.The man as well as his children goes(go) swimming every summer.6.Not only the students but also the teacher is(be) looking forward to the holiday.二、意义一致原则
6、1.表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积等的复数名词作主语时，通常将其视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。Two miles is too far for the child.两英里路程对这个小孩来说太远了。2.集合名词family，class，crowd，team，government，company，group，audience等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数。Our class is better than any other class at playing football in our school.在我们学校，我们班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。
7、(强调整体)His family are waiting for him to come back from abroad.他的家人正在等他回国。(强调个体)3.当people，police，cattle等词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。The police are searching for the lost child.警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。4.不定代词anyone，anybody，anything，everyone，everybody，everything，someone，somebody，something，no one，nobody，nothing，each，the other
8、，either，neither等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Since everyone is here，lets begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，我们开会吧。5.代词none作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数，主要由说话人的意思来决定。但代表不可数名词时，谓语动词只能用单数。None of them knows/know the answers.他们中没有人知道答案。None of the information about him has been received.一点关于他的消息也没收到。6.专有名词作主语表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用
9、单数。One Thousand and One Nights tells people lots of mysterious folklore.一千零一夜给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。The United Nations plays an important role in the international affairs.联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。7.不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。How to solve the problem is to be discussed at the meeting.如何解决这个问题要在会上讨论。Reading in the sun is
10、 bad for your eyes.在阳光下读书对眼睛有害。Whether he will help us with it doesnt matter too much.他是否帮我们关系不大。即时跟踪2用所给动词的正确形式填空1.The cattle eat(eat) grass on the side of the hill every day.2.The medical team are(be) treating the injured at present in that hospital.3.What she is doing is(be) none of your business
11、.4.Everyone in our class likes(like) the new film very much.5.Look！The whole family are(be) watching TV now.6.As a matter of fact，two years is(be) a long time for me.三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数1.当百分数或分数修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数由名词来决定。About threefourths of the surface of the earth is water.地球表面大约四分之三是水。About 50
12、percent of the students in our school are girls.我们学校大约百分之五十的学生是女生。2.由“kind(type，sort，species，portion，series) of”等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词。This new type of buses is now on show.(Buses of this new kind are now on show.)现在正展出一种新型的公共汽车。All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome.必须克服各种各样的困难。A
13、 series of debates between the lecturers was scheduled for the next weekend.讲师之间一系列的辩论安排在下周末举行。3.a number of(许多)，a variety of(各种各样的)和a group of(一群，一组)修饰名词作主语时，谓语要用复数形式。但是the number of(的数目)和the variety of(的种类)修饰名词作主语时，谓语要用单数形式。试比较：A number of students are from the south.不少学生来自南方。There are a variety o
14、f toys on sale in that shop.那个商店出售各种各样的玩具。The variety of goods on sale in that shop is surprising.那个商店出售的货物品种多得惊人。4.a quantity of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；a quantity of后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；quantities of后无论接复数名词还是不可数名词，后面的谓语动词都用复数形式。Great quantities of fish are caught in the deep sea.在深海处抓了很多鱼。There is a lar
15、ge quantity of milk.有大量的牛奶。5.“many a单数名词”和“more than one单数名词”作主语时，虽表示复数意义，但要遵循语法一致的原则，谓语动词用单数。Many a child was playing in the shade of the tree.许多孩子在树荫下玩耍。More than one student has passed the examination.许多学生通过了考试。6.(1)在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。(2)在“one of复数名词”结构后的定语从句中，one of复数名词关系代词谓语动词复数
16、；the (only) one of复数名词关系代词谓语动词单数。即时跟踪3用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Two thirds of the teachers present were(be) against the plan then.2.The factory used 65% of the raw materials，the rest of which were(be) saved for other purposes.3.Many a boy in our class admires(admire) the famous player.4.Quantities of waste wate
17、r have been poured(pour) into the river so far.5.The number of people invited was(be) fifty，but a number of them were(be) absent for different reasons.6.This kind of shoes is(be) popular with young women.用所给词的正确形式填空1.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is(be) often acceptable.(2016全国)2.
18、Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and were(be) too violent for use at the table.(2016全国)3.This cycle goes(go) day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night.(2015全国)4.It is important to remember that success is(be) a sum of small efforts made eac
19、h day and often takes(take)years to achieve.(2015湖南)5.All we need is(be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.(2014湖南)6.The famous musician，as well as his students，was invited(invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of th
20、e 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.(2013福建)7.The university estimates that living expenses for international students are around 8,450 a year，which is a burden for some of them.(be)(2013湖南)8.A Midsummer Nights Dream opens(open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June，and then tours throughout Scotland.(2013重庆)9.Ge
21、nerally，students inner motivation with high expectations from others is(be) essential to their development.(2013江苏)10.All the scientific evidence shows(show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming is(be) damaging our health.(2012湖南).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.My dream school like a big garden.(2014新课标全国，
22、短文改错)2.Suddenly the arrows flying down at us from the skythey looked like rain！(2014陕西，短文改错)3.Today，I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm off.(2014四川，短文改错)4.The understanding between two friends both of them have similar ideas and trust each other.(2014大纲全国，短文改错)5.The early m
23、orning barking been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.(2014辽宁，短文改错)Questions to describe people1.What does she look like?2.Why do you admire her?3.What did she do to impress you most?4.How would you describe her?5.Why did she choose to.?6.What are her strengths/weaknesses?7.Ca
24、n you give an example to show.?Answers to describe peoplehardworkingenergeticactivedeterminedintelligentfairgenerouskindhelpfulmodestconfidentbravehonestconsiderateunselfishdevotededucatedwarmhearted即时跟踪语法填空A：I want to make lots of money 1.when I grow up.You know，money means happiness.B：Im surprised
25、 to hear that.2.Why do you think so?A：Because with money we can buy new houses and beautiful clothes.We can even do a lot of sightseeing.B：I dont think youre right in saying so.Though money is important，it doesnt mean 3.everything.A：Im 4.puzzled(puzzle)! Why?B：5.Take(take) Einstein for example.He as
26、ked for a very small salary.A：Why？Could you explain that 6.to me?B：Well，to him happiness means 7.being(be) able to make scientific 8.achievements(achieve).Do you know why many rich people are not happy?A：No.I dont understand.Could you tell me?B：Thats because we 9.cant buy friendship or love with mon
27、ey.A：Ah，I see.Thank you for letting me know so much about 10.happiness(happy).B：Youre welcome!文体指导在描写人物时，我们可以通过以下三个部分来写作：第一部分：总体介绍人物，然后介绍人物的出生年月、地点、家庭背景或相貌等。第二部分：1.列出人物的品质和个性，并以具体的事例说明其品质和个性，在选取事例时，应该选取典型事迹，抓住人物特征；2.列举人物的主要经历、事迹或成就。第三部分：介绍人们对人物的评价或谈论你的个人感受。常用句式1.背景：(1)He/She was born in.(2)He/She sp
28、ent his/her childhood in a small village.(3)He/She grew up in.2.外貌：(1)He/She is beautiful/pretty/goodlooking/ordinarylooking/handsome.(2)He/She is tall/short with.(3)He/She has a round face with two big eyes.3.品质和个性：(1)He/She is easygoing/kind/patient.(2)He/She is ready to help others.4.爱好：(1)He/She
29、 is good at.(2)He/She has a gift for.(3)He/She is interested in.(4)He/She is fond of/crazy about.5.教育背景：(1)He/She graduated from/got a.degree/majored in.(2)He/She went abroad to further his/her study./studied hard at./took an active part in class.6.经历和事迹：(1)He/She devoted himself/herself to sth.(2)H
30、e/She fought for.(3)He/She made up his/her mind to do sth.(4)He/She overcame many difficulties.7.评价：(1)He/She is one of the best/most important.(2)He/She sets a good example to.(3)He/She is the pride of.(4)He/She made great contributions to.(5)He/She is regarded as.写作任务请根据下列提示，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，描述著名电视节
31、目主持人杨澜。1.出生于北京，毕业于北京外国语大学，获得哥伦比亚大学硕士学位，其代表节目之一是杨澜访谈录；2.2001年，应邀出任北京申办2008年奥运会的形象大使，并且是国际奥委会发言人之一，当时她的孩子才两个月大，但她毫不犹豫地接受了任务；3.她是一位优秀女性的典范。参考词汇：形象大使image ambassador；北京申办2008年奥运会Beijings bid for the 2008 Olympics审题谋篇第一步明确要求本文体裁是人物描写，人称一般用第三人称；时态常用一般现在时和一般过去时，具体情况要依据写作的要求来确定。描写人物的外貌、性格或兴趣等常用一般现在时，而描写人物的出
32、生或教育背景等常用一般过去时。第二步确定段落Para.1概括介绍杨澜的基本情况；Para.2详细介绍杨澜的事迹；Para.3进行总体评价。第三步词汇热身1.出生于be born in.2.著名的wellknown3.毕业于graduate from.4.被选为be chosen as.5.毫不犹豫without any hesitation6.让某人高兴的是to ones delight第四步句式升级1.杨澜，出生于北京，是著名的电视主持人。(一般表达)Yang Lan was born in Beijing and she is a wellknown television hostess.
33、(句式升级)Yang Lan，born in Beijing，is a wellknown television hostess.(过去分词作定语)2.在2001年，杨澜不但被选为申办2008年北京奥运会的形象大使，并且是国际奥委会发言人之一。(一般表达) In 2001，Yang Lan was chosen as one of the image ambassadors of Beijing s bid for the 2008 Olympics，and she was chosen as one of the speakers to the International Olympic C
34、ommittee.(句式升级)In 2001，Yang Lan was chosen as one of the speakers to the International Olympic Committee as well as one of the image ambassadors of Beijing s bid for the 2008 Olympics.3.让我们高兴的是，她表现得很完美。(一般表达)We were delighted that she performed perfectly.(句式升级1)To our delight，she performed perfectly
35、.(句式升级2)What made us delighted was that she performed perfectly.连句成篇Yang Lan，born in Beijing，is a wellknown television hostess.She graduated from Beijing Foreign Studies University.And she earned a masters degree at Columbia University.One of her famous shows is Yang Lan One on One.In 2001，Yang Lan
36、was chosen as one of the speakers to the International Olympic Committee as well as one of the image ambassadors of Beijing s bid for the 2008 Olympics.At that time，her little girl came into the world only two months before.But she accepted the task without any hesitation.To our delight，she performe
37、d perfectly.The International Olympic Committee members were moved by her perfect speech.She is the perfect image of the modern women in China and indeed the world.单元语法A)用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Not only he but also all his family are(be) interested in music.2.Physics is(be) one of the hardest subjects for a m
38、iddle school student.3.Outside the school stand(stand) crowds of students，too anxious to know the results of the exam.4.No bird and no beast is(be) seen on the lonely island.5.The New York Times was(be) first published in the early 1860s.B)完成句子6.Many people say 1,000 dollars is a lot of money(是很多钱).
39、7.The woman，who is your teacher(是你的老师)，will try her best to help you with your study.8.More than one girl likes the novels written by her(喜欢她写的小说).9.He is the only student who has been to Hong Kong(去过香港的) in our class.10.The worker together with his daughters is seeing the film(在看这部电影) now.阅读理解AThe
40、20th century witnessed some of the most surprising achievements as far as the field of science and technology is concerned.Among these，the Indians account for a significant share of the pie.Srinivas Ramanujan (18871920)Ramanujans great mathematical findings were beginning to be appreciated from 1915
41、 to 1919.But his achievements were to be fully understood much later，well after his death in 1920.For example，his work on highly composite numbers(高合成数) with a large number of factors started a whole new line of researches in the theory of such numbers.Meghnad Saha (18931956)Meghnad Saha belonged to
42、 an outstanding group of Indian scientists whose contributions revolutionised diverse branches of knowledge and earned global recognition.He introduced the teaching of Nuclear Physics in Calcutta University at a time when the world had not even witnessed the impact of Nuclear Energy.Together with S.
43、N.Bose，he made the first English translation of Einsteins papers on relativity.C.V.Raman (18881970)Ramans discovery that molecules scatter light is known as the Raman effect.It is used to study the internal structure of the molecules.Early in his life Raman carried out and published extensive resear
44、ch on acoustics (声学) and optics(光学).He received the Nobel Prize for his wellknown Raman effect in 1930.Dr.Hargobind Khorana (1922)Khorana shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 1968 with Marshall W.Nirenberg and Robert W.Holley for cracking(破译) the genetic code.His researches have opene
45、d up a new branch called genetic engineering in science.In 1970 he became the Alfred Sloan Professor of Biology and Chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he continued his work.Apart from the Nobel Prize，Khorana has won many awards and honors for his achievement.11.What does th
46、e underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 1?A.The Indians like to make pie.B.Many most surprising achievements in science and technology are made by Indians.C.The Indians receive all of most surprising achievements in science and technology.D.The Indians play a significant role in sharing the pie.答案B解
47、析句意理解题。根据下文介绍的几位印度科学家和第一段的“The 20th century witnessed some of the most surprising achievements as far as the field of science and technology is concerned.”可知，这句话的意思是印度的科学家创造了许多惊人的发明和科技，故选B。12.Whose contributions were NOT well received when he was alive?A.Srinivas Ramanujans.B.Meghnad Sahas.C.C.V.Ram
48、ans.D.Dr.Hargobind Khoranas.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“But his achievements were to be fully understood much later，well after his death in 1920.”可知，在Srinivas死后，他的发现才被社会完全接受，故选A。13.Dr.Hargobind Khorana mainly researched into .A.mathematics B.relativityC.genetic code D.optics答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Khorana shar
49、ed the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 1968 with Marshall W.Nirenberg and Robert W.Holley for cracking(破译) the genetic code.”可知，他的主要成就是破译基因密码，故选C。14.What would be the best title for this passage?A.Indian Scientific AchievementsB.Indian Contributions to the WorldC.Famous Indian Universities
50、in HistoryD.Famous Indian Scientists in the 20th Century答案D解析标题归纳题。通读全文可知本文主要列举了20世纪印度几位著名的科学家及他们的成就，故选D。BDid you know that birds could be “property owners”，too？In spring，the male robin(知更鸟) looks for a place to build a nest.A tree near a green lawn(草坪) that has many worms(虫子) suits him best.When he
51、 finds the right place，he sings loudly.He tells other birds that this place is his property.At the same time，other birds are choosing places for their nests.A robin does not mind if swallows nest nearby because swallows eat insects.They leave his worms alone.But other robins are different.They would
52、 eat the worm supply he needs for his own family.When another male robin comes near，the robin owner sings to warn him away.The property owner looks cross and fierce(凶猛的).He raises his head feathers and holds his tail high.If the owner cannot frighten away the new robin，he attacks.The two fight until
53、 one is the winner.The new bird often gives up and flies away.So the first bird has defended his property.He now has the right to build a nest in the place.15.The male robin looks for a place to build a nest .A.near swallowsB.near other male robinsC.near a lawn with wormsD.in the woods 答案C解析细节理解题。根据
54、第一段第三句“A tree near a green lawn(草坪) that has many worms(虫子) suits him best.”可知，雄知更鸟会找一个有虫子的草坪筑巢。故选C。16.The story does not say so，but it makes you think that robins .A.drive away all the other birdsB.do not care where they build their nestsC.are careful when choosing a place to nestD.are not afraid o
55、f other birds答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A robin does not mind if swallows nest nearby because swallows eat insects.They leave his worms alone.But other robins are different.They would eat the worm supply he needs for his own family.”可知，当知更鸟选择筑巢的地方的时候是很仔细的。故选C。17.On the whole，this story is about .A.what robi
56、ns eatB.robins finding a nesting place C.robins finding friendsD.how robins live with swallows答案B解析主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“In spring，the male robin(知更鸟) looks for a place to build a nest.”和最后一段最后一句“He now has the right to build a nest in the place.”可知，文章主要介绍知更鸟是怎么找到筑巢的地方的。故选B。.语法填空This tradition was started
57、by mom several years ago.My mom，my brother，my sister and I all went to the cancer treatment center with some flowers.Each patient，doctor，and nurse received 18.a flower from us.“Why do you send us flowers？” they would asked and our answer was that “its just because youre special.” 19.As this went on，
58、we often sent even more of flowers.One day，I accidently found a boy was making 20.beautiful(beauty) cards in the street，with the words “Just Because Youre Special” on them.Out of curiosity，I 21.chatted(chat) with the boy and this reminded me to make some cards to send together 22.with some flowers.T
59、oday，after our mom passed away from cancer，23.we still take flowers to the patients，doctors and nurses with our own “Just Because Youre Special” cards 24.tied(tie) to them.Even though the cancer treatment has moved to different location，we still pass this on.One patient told us 25.excitedly(excited)
60、 that it was the first rose that he 26.had received(receive) over ten years and the rose made his life 27.energetic(energy) during his stay in hospital.We plan to continue to do this and I will encourage more people to do this.Giving a flower to others might make their day special.短文改错Dear John，Yest
61、erday I had read a notice on the Internet.You wanted to look for a Chinese friend online who can actual help you learn the Chinese language，cultures or customs.Im looking forward to be your friend on the Internet but I wonder whether or not you would like to accept me.If I become our friend on the I
62、nternet，Ill try my best to help you for Chinese in my spare time.At same time，Ill introduce some cultures and custom of China to you step by step.So if you are interesting in this，please let me know your QQ number and I really expect what we can make good friends soon.Love，Li Hua答案Dear John，Yesterda
63、y I had read a notice on the Internet.You wanted to look for a Chinese friend online who can help you learn the Chinese language，cultures customs.Im looking forward to your friend on the Internet but I wonder whether or not you would like to accept me.If I become friend on the Internet，Ill try my be
64、st to help you Chinese in my spare time.At same time，Ill introduce some cultures and of China to you step by step.So if you are in this，please let me know your QQ number and I really expect we can make good friends soon.Love，Li Hua.书面表达请根据下表中的内容写一篇100词左右的短文。姓名杨振宁性别男国籍美籍华人出生地安徽出生日期1922年9月22日职业物理学家教育背
65、景清华大学研究生；美国芝加哥大学博士简介1950年在美国结婚，婚后有两子一女，均在美国安家立业1957年和李政道一起获得诺贝尔物理学奖1998年起任清华大学教授2004年12月从美国回国并定居清华园，在清华大学教授物理获得多种荣誉，是许多大学的荣誉教授注意：1.所写短文应包括所有要点，不可逐字翻译；2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。Yang Zhenning，a Chinese American physicist，was born 参考范文Yang Zhenning，a Chinese American physicist，was born on September 22,1922，in Anh
66、ui Province in China.After receiving his masters degree in Tsing Hua University，he got his doctors degree in Americas Chicago University.He got married in 1950 and has two sons and a daughter，all of whom have built their homes in America.In 1957，he and his partner Li Zhengdao won the Nobel Prize for
67、 Physics.Yang has been invited to be a professor in Tsing Hua University since 1998.In December,2004，he returned to homeland from America and settled down in the university，beginning his teaching in Tsing Hua.In all his life，he has been given lots of honours and titled as the honoured professor for many universities.版权所有：高考资源网()