1、Module 3 The Violence of Nature Section Other parts of the Module自主预习01考点探究02随堂演练03自主预习 01 课前小测 高效识记 .重点单词1_ vt.毁坏2_ vt.(火山的)爆发；喷发eruption n.3_ adj.以前的previously adv.以前地4possibility n.可能；可能性_ adv.可能地5_ adj.吓人的；可怕的_ adj.感到可怕的terrify vt.使害怕6_ adv.幸运地；幸亏_ adj.幸运的luck n.幸运7_ adv.满怀希望地；有希望地_ adj.充满希望的hop
2、e vt.&n希望8_ adv.幸运地；幸亏_ adj.幸运的fortune n.运气；财富9_ n.警告warn vt.警告10active adj.积极的_ adv.积极地11_ n.&v.损失；损害答案1ruin 2.erupt 3.previous 4.possibly5terrifying;terrified 6.luckily;lucky7hopefully;hopeful 8.fortunately;fortunate9warning 10.actively 11.damage.重点短语1set fire _ 放火(烧)2_ fire 着火3put _ 扑灭4take _ 发生5
3、according _ 根据6_ all 总共7cause damage _ 对造成损失8_ ruins 成为废墟9plenty _充足的10turn _ 翻倒答案1to 2.catch 3.out 4.place 5.to6in 7.to 8.in 9.of 10.over考点探究 02 高频考点 理解拓展 1ruin vt.毁坏 n.pl.废墟；U毁灭Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.一些救援人员和医生被困在了废墟下。A large number of churches fell into
4、 ruin after the revolution.革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.那次地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪2previous adj.以前的Who was the previous owner of the car?这辆汽车以前的车主是谁？Do you have any previous experience of this type of work?你以前有过做这种工作的经验吗？Previous to leaving for France,he studied a
5、 lot about the country.在启程去法国之前，他对法国作了相当多的研究。previous to 在之前previous to 中 to 是介词，后接(动)名词、代词。previous,formerprevious指的是按时间和次序在某事物“之前的”。former指“从前的”，而不是现在的。He said he had arrived on the previous night.他说他是在前一天夜里到达的。She is my former landlady.她是我以前的房东。3terrifying adj.吓人的；可怕的It was terrifying to watch.瞧着
6、就让人害怕。What a terrifying experience!多么可怕的一次经历！terrified adj.非常害怕的，极度恐慌的terrifying 表示事物的性质，意为“令人恐惧的”；而terrified 表示人的情感，意为“感到恐惧的”。4warning n.C，U 警告；提醒Without warning,the soldiers started firing into the crowd.没有发出警告，士兵就向人群开枪了。Miss Zhang gave the boys a warning not to swim in the river.张小姐告诫那些男孩不要到河里游泳。
7、give sb.a warningnot to do sth.against doing sth.告诫某人不要做某事sound a warning 发出警告without warning 没有警告warn v.警告；提醒5active adj.积极的；活跃的Although hes nearly 80,he is still very active.尽管快 80 岁了，他还是十分活跃。take an active part in sth.积极参与某事be active in(doing)sth.积极参加(做)某事图解 active,passive6population n.C人口；常 sing
8、.全体居民One third of the worlds population consume two thirds of the worlds resources.世界上 1/3 的人口消耗着全球 2/3 的资源。South Florida has a large Jewish population.南佛罗里达有很多犹太人。(1)当 population 表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数形式；表示部分人口时，谓语动词用复数形式。The population of China is very large.中国人口众多。70%of the population of China are peasan
9、ts.中国人口有 70%是农民。(2)表示人口多少时，不用 many 或 few，而用 large 或 small 修饰。How large is the population of China?中国的人口有多少？(3)表示有多少人口用 have a population of，作主语时用 what 而不用 how much 提问。What is the population of Europe?欧洲的人口有多少？7damage n.U&v.损失；损害The accident didnt do/cause much damage to either of the cars.这两部车都没有因为车
10、祸受到太多的损坏。Smoking can damage your health.吸烟会损害你的健康。do/cause damage to 对造成损害damage,destroy,ruindamage意味着损坏后价值或效率降低，一般是部分性的“损坏”。destroy指十分彻底的“破坏”，常含“不能或很难修复”的意思。ruin指逐渐地“毁坏”，使失去价值、兴致等。I damaged my shoes in football practice today.今天足球训练时我把鞋弄坏了。The building was completely destroyed by fire.那座建筑物被火烧得一干二净
11、。The bad weather ruined our trip.恶劣的天气破坏了我们的旅行。8erupt vi.(火山的)爆发；喷发Mount Vesuvius hasnt erupted for a good many years.维苏威火山已有很多年没爆发了。eruption n.U，C(火山的)爆发；喷发The eruption of volcano makes him lose his wife.火山的爆发使他失去了妻子。erupt,explode 和 bursterupt一般指火山爆发、岩浆喷射等。explode指的是炸弹、火药等的爆炸，也可以指人的感情突然爆发，如 explode
12、 with anger。burst指某事物因为内部压力的增大而导致突然爆发，也可以用来表示人的感情的突然释放。An active volcano may erupt at any time.活火山可能随时都会喷发。The fireworks exploded in his hand and he was hurt.爆竹在他手里响了，他受伤了。Ive eaten so much that Im bursting.我吃得太多了，肚子都要撑破了。I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.我觉得自己都高兴得心花怒放了。9possibility n.U，C可能
13、(性)There is no possibility of his coming.他不可能来。Is there any possibility that we will see you this weekend?我们本周末可能见面吗？possible adj.可能的It is possible that I might be of some use in that part of work.在做工作的那一部分时，我可能帮得上忙。possible,probable 和 likelypossible指由于有适当的条件和方法，某事可能发生或做到，强调“客观上有可能”，但常含有“实际希望很小”的意思。
14、probable语气比 possible 强，指有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物，带有“大概，很可能”的意思。likely是常用词，指从表面迹象来看有可能。常用结构为：be likely to do.It is possible that it will rain,but with such a blue sky it doesnt seem probable.下雨的可能是有的，但天空一片蔚蓝，可能性似乎不大。Its highly probable that they will win the match.他们很可能会赢得这场比赛。Its very likely to clear up tomo
15、rrow.明天很可能要放晴了。10thankfully adv.感激地；满怀感谢地Thankfully,the situation isnt nearly that bad.所幸，(目前的)情况还未糟糕到那种程度。Thankfully,it at last stopped raining.谢天谢地，雨总算停了。thankful adj.感激的；感谢的He wasnt badly hurtthats something to be thankful for.他的伤并不重，很值得庆幸。Im thankful to you for all your help.我感谢你提供的一切帮助。11hopefu
16、lly adv.满怀希望地；有希望地The fans waited hopefully in the hall to see their favourite singer.歌迷们满怀希望地在大厅里等待，以期见到他们最喜爱的歌手。Hopefully well have finished the project by the end of this month.我们有希望于本月底结束这项工程。hopeful adj.满怀希望的；有希望的He was the most hopeful candidate for the presidency.他是最有希望当选总统的候选人。Im hopeful tha
17、t hell arrive early.他会早到的，我对此抱有希望。12sadly adv.伤心地；不幸地He stared sadly at the ruins of his house.他悲伤地凝视着他那坍塌的房屋。Sadly,he died before he could see his grandchild.不幸的是，在看到孙子之前他就去世了。sad adj.悲伤的；难过的sadness n.(sad 悲哀ness 名词后缀)悲哀，悲伤13fortunately adv.幸运地；幸亏I was late,but fortunately the meeting hadnt started
18、.我迟到了，幸好会议还没开始。Fortunately the rain stopped before we started.幸亏在我们出发前雨停了。fortunate adj.幸运的 unfortunately adv.不幸地 unfortunate adj.不幸的You are fortunate to have such a good teacher.你们真幸运有这样一位好老师。I like cats but unfortunately Im allergic to them.我很喜欢猫，但可惜我对猫过敏。1The committee is discussing the problem r
19、ight now.It will _(hopeful)have been solved by the end of next week.2They looked _(sad)at the burnt clothes and didnt know what to do.3The accident shook the passengers up pretty badly,but _(fortune)no one was injured.4_(thankful)，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the en
20、d.5Wouldnt it be nice if we could predict when a volcano was about to _(eruption)?6Everybody thinks little of the film.In fact,there is no _(possible)of it being tried out in the Film Festival.7If you sleep short of 7 hours,you are three times _(like)to catch a cold.8Her house was _ ruins after the
21、flood.9I remember you mentioned the thing on a _(previously)occasion.10From his _(terrify)look,we could see the boy was _(terrify)of the stranger.11Walking in the street,we saw a _(warn),which says,“Keep away!There is a great danger ahead！”答案与解析1hopefully解析：hopefully 有希望地。句意：委员会正在讨论这个问题，有希望在下个周末得到解决
22、。2sadly解析：副词 sadly 修饰短语动词 look at;句意：他们伤心地看着被烧坏的衣服，不知所措。3fortunately解析：fortunately 幸运地。句意：这场车祸使旅客们大为震惊，但幸好事故中无人受伤。4Thankfully解析：manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”，强调的是成功的结果。thankfully 用于表示高兴或宽慰，意为“感激地，满怀感谢地；感到欣慰地，感到高兴地”。5erupt解析：erupt“(火山的)爆发”。句意：如果我们能预测一座火山何时爆发难道不是一件美好的事吗？6possibility解析：think little of 意为
23、“对评价不高”。根据句意可知，这部电影不可能在电影节上试映。there is no possibility of.为固定句型，指“没有的可能性”。7likely解析：be likely to do.为固定表达，表示“某人有可能做某事”，只有 likely 可构成此结构。句意：如果你的睡眠(时间)少于 7 个小时，你患感冒的可能性会是(原来的)3 倍。8in解析：in ruins 成为废墟。9previous解析：句意：我记得你在以前的一个场合曾提到过这件事。previous“以前的”。10terrified;terrified解析：句意：从这个男孩惊恐的表情可知，他害怕这个陌生人。terrif
24、ied“恐惧的，受惊吓的”。11warning解析：句意：我们在街上散步时看到一则警示，上面写着“不要靠近，前方有危险！”。warning“警告；提醒”。1set fire to(set.on fire)放火(焚烧)He set fire to the dry grass.他点燃了干草。Who set fire to the house?Who set the house on fire?是谁放火烧那房子的？set the Thames on fireset the world on fire 做出惊人的事业，成为杰出的人物，取得显赫的成就，轰动一时2catch fire 着火The ware
25、house caught fire and was completely destroyed.仓库着火，完全被烧毁了。As the wood is wet,it wont catch fire.木头是湿的，点不着。与 fire 有关的其他短语：on fire 失火The forest has been on fire for several hours.这片森林着火已经好几个小时了。make a fire 生火The room was so cold that he had to make a fire.房间里太冷，他只得生火。open fire 开火He ordered his men to
26、 open fire.他命令士兵开火。on fire 和 on the/a fireon fire是“着火”“起火”的意思。on the/a fire是“在炉子上”“在炉灶上”的意思。The wet wood on the fire was on fire an hour ago.一小时之前在炉子上的湿木头着火了。3put out 扑灭(火)；关(灯)It took several pails of water to put out the fire.用了好几桶水才把火扑灭。The firemen soon put the fire out.消防队员不久就扑灭了那场火。Be sure to p
27、ut out the light before you go to bed.睡觉前一定要把灯关上。put out 和 go output out作及物动词用，表示“扑灭(火)；关(灯)”等意思，其后必须跟宾语。go out作不及物动词用，表示自行“熄灭”，其后不能跟宾语。The fire spread so quickly that they couldnt put it out.火势蔓延太快，他们无法将其扑灭。There was a power cut and all the lights went out.停电了，所有的灯都熄灭了。4take place 发生；举行The story to
28、ok place in a seaside village.这个故事发生在一个海滨村庄。When will the football match take place?足球比赛什么时候举行？take place,occur 和 happentake place指事情有计划地，在特定的地方或时间发生。occur指发生时，有计划、无计划都行。happen指事先无计划、偶然地发生。An fatal accident took place at this crossing three years ago.这个十字路口三年前发生了一起死亡事故。When will the wedding take pla
29、ce?婚礼何时举行？A number of accidents always occur on such days.在这种日子里常常有许多事故发生。How did the accident happen?事故是如何发生的？5in all 总共；总计There were twelve of us in all for dinner.我们一共 12 人吃饭。In all,there were 215 candidates.总共有 215 位候选人。above all 首先；最重要的是at all 根本；丝毫after all 毕竟You shouldnt have scolded the boy
30、at all;he is a child after all;above all,he made only two mistakes in all.你根本不该责备那个男孩，他毕竟还是个孩子；最重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。6according to 根据；按照；据所说According to Anne,a true friend is a person whom you can trust.根据安妮所说，真正的朋友是你可以信赖的人。According to the timetable,the train gets in at 9：38.根据时刻表，火车 9 点 38 分进站。accord n.
31、一致；符合 vi.&vt.相符合；一致；授予；赠予accordance n.一致；和谐in accord with 与一致；与相符with one accord 一致地；一致同意地of ones own accord 出于自愿；主动地in accordance with 与一致；按照We acted in accordance with your wish.我们是按你们的意愿办事的。1How many tickets did you buy?About 100 _ all.2Well continue to learn by ourselves when we have left school
32、,so we must _ all learn how to study in the school now.3Dont throw the cigarette about for the grass _(catch)fire easily.What should we do if it is _ fire?4The house caught fire last night and they suspect that it was deliberately set fire _.5When the firefighters arrived there hurriedly,they found
33、the house had been _ fire for 10 minutes.It was too late.6It was reported that the forest fire broke _ last Sunday and that it went out itself and wasnt put _.7From the picture,we can see the great changes that have taken _ in the countryside in the past few years.8According _ the report,the earthqu
34、ake caused a great many people injured and dead.答案与解析1in解析：句意：你买了多少张票？总共大约 100 张。in all“总共；总计”。2above解析：句意：离开学校以后我们要继续自学，所以现在在学校我们首先要学会怎样学习。above all“首先；最重要的是”。3catches;on解析：catch fire“着火”，表动作，不用于被动语态；be on fire“在燃烧”表状态。句意：不要乱扔烟头，因为草坪容易着火。如果着火了我们该怎么办？4to解析：set fire toset.on fire 意为“放火烧，纵火”。句意：那所房子昨晚
35、失火了，他们怀疑是有人故意放的火。5on解析：be on fire 表示状态，可以和表示一段时间的短语连用。6out;out解析：break out 爆发；go out 熄灭；put out 扑灭。句意：据说上周日爆发的森林火灾是自然熄灭的，不是扑灭的。7place解析：take place 发生。句意：从这幅图画中，我们可以看到农村在过去几年中所发生的巨大变化。8to解析：according to 根据。句意：据报道，地震造成许多人死伤。1People were told to leave the island as ash and steam began to come out of th
36、e volcano,and were warned that the lava from the volcano could bury several villages.当火山灰和气体开始从火山口喷发时，人们被告知离开岛屿并被警告熔岩可能淹没几个村庄。as 当时；随着Tom hurried home,looking behind as he went.汤姆匆匆忙忙地回家，一边向前走，一边向后看。as,when,whileas 侧重表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，意为“一边一边”。while 意为“在期间”，引导时间状语从句，从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词。when 意为“当时”，它引导的从句中谓
37、语动词既可以是延续性的动词，又可以是非延续性的动词，它可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，又可以是从句的动作发生在主句动作之前或之后。They laughed as they walked.他们边走边笑。I was doing my homework while my mother was cooking.我妈妈做饭的时候我正在做我的家庭作业。When the lesson in grammar was over,we began our writing.语法课上完之后，我们开始写作。2In some communities,60 percent of the population wer
38、e killed.在一些地区，死亡率达 60%。本句中 60 percent of the population 作主语。一般来说，“百分数/分数of名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词要与 of 后面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。本句中，百分数与 population连用，更强调集体中的每个成员，故谓语动词用复数形式。40 percent of the students are from countryside.40%的学生是来自农村。Two-fifths of the land in that district is covered with flowers and grass.那个地区 4
39、0%的土地为花草所覆盖。The worlds population is increasing faster and faster.世界人口增长得越来越快。About 80 percent of the population in China are farmers.在中国大约 80%的人是农民。3Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most damage.加利福尼亚地震引起的火灾危害最大。caused by the California Earthquake 是过去分词作定语，相当于一个含有被动语态的定语从句 which/tha
40、t was caused by California Earthquake，修饰先行词 fires。The police never found the money robbed in the robbery.警察始终没能找到在抢劫案中被抢去的钱。Have you read the novel written by Dickens?你读过狄更斯写的小说吗？不定式一般被动式(to be done)表被动、将来；过去分词(done)表被动、完成；现在分词一般被动式(being done)表被动、正在进行。Listen!The song being sung is very popular with
41、 the students.听！正在唱的这首歌很受同学们的欢迎。The solution to be taken next year is sure to be a helpful one.明年将要采取的措施一定是有帮助的。1The population of the town _(be)eight thousand,thirty percent of whom _(be)from nearby villages.2 The airport _(complete)next year will help promote tourism in this area.3“Its such a nice
42、 place，”Mother said as she sat at the table_(reserve)for customers.4 He smiled politely_Mary apologized for her drunken friends.答案与解析1is;are解析：the population of.作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；population 被分数或百分数修饰作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。2to be completed解析：根据 next year 可知用不定式的将来式 to be done 结构作定语。句意：明年即将完工的机场将会帮助促进本地区的旅游业。3reserved解析：the table 与 reserve 之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式作后置定语。4as/when解析：as/when 引导时间状语从句，意为“当时”。温示提馨请 做：随 堂 演 练 03（点击进入）温示提馨请 完 成：课时作业8（点击进入）