1、Module 1 EuropeSection Introduction,Reading and Vocabulary自主预习01考点探究02随堂演练03自主预习 01 课前小测 高效识记 .重点单词1_ adj.大陆的；大洲的continent n.洲；大陆，陆地2_ vt.面向；面对3_ n.山脉4_ n.标志性建筑5_ adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的situate vt.使位于6_ n.象征；符号7_ adj.位于的locate vt.使位于8_ n.计划；项目；工程9_ n.文明10_ adj.古代的答案1continental 2.face 3.range 4.landmark
2、 5.situated6symbol 7.located 8.project 9.civilisation 10.ancient.重点短语1be located _ 坐落于2because _ 由于3be famous _ 因而闻名4ever _ 自从一直5of all _ 有史以来6work _ 从事，致力于7be known _ 作为而出名8_ the coast of 在海岸上9_ design 故意10_ the coast 离开海岸答案1in 2.of 3.for 4.since 5.time6on 7.as 8.on 9.by 10.off考点探究 02 高频考点 理解拓展 1co
3、ntinental adj.大陆的；大洲的Beijing has a continental climate;hot summers and cold winters.北京为大陆性气候；夏季炎热，冬天寒冷。After spending several years in Paris,she has become quite continental in her outlook.在巴黎生活了几年后，她变得与欧洲大陆人的看法趋同了。continent nC洲，大陆There are seven continents in the world.世界有七大洲。Antarctica is the cont
4、inent that surrounds the South Pole.南极洲是围绕着南极的一块大陆。2face vt.面对；面向He faced the difficulty with courage.他勇敢地面对困难。I was faced with new problems.我面临着新的问题。(1)face n.“脸，面容，面子，表面”，与in 连用，表示接触面部；与on 连用，表示面部的特征或变化等。Wrinkles appeared on her face.她脸上出现了皱纹。A cut diamond has many faces.经切割的钻石有很多晶面。(2)与其有关的固定搭配：f
5、ace up to 勇敢地面对；承担He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young.他必须面对自己不再年轻这一事实。face to face 面对面He hopes to meet his favourite pop singer face to face.他希望能面对面地见见他最喜欢的流行歌手。be faced with 面对，面临(人作主语，并无被动意义，常作状语)At that time I was faced with two choices.当时我面临着两种抉择。They are faced with many econo
6、mic problems.他们面临着许多经济问题。make faces/a face 做鬼脸，做苦相The boy made faces at his sister.这个男孩朝他妹妹做鬼脸。The student made a face when his teacher turned and walked away.当老师转身离去时，这个学生做了个鬼脸。3across prep.横过；穿过The hospital is just across the street.医院就在街的对面。The plane is flying across the Atlantic.飞机正在横越大西洋。(1)acr
7、oss adv.从一边到另一边，从一边向(常与动词连用)The yard measures about fifty metres across.庭院宽约50米。When my name was called,he looked across at me.当叫到我的名字时，他从那边看过来望着我。(2)cross vt.&vi.横过，穿过Be careful when you cross the river.过河时要小心。(3)crossing n.跨越；十字路口Walk until the second crossing,and you will find the post office.一直走
8、到第二个十字路口，你就会看到邮局。across,through 和 overHe saw me and came to me across the road.他看见了我，便横穿马路向我走来。We rode over a bridge and through some streets.我们骑过一座桥，穿过几条街道。The river poured over its banks,flooding the fields.河水越过河岸，淹没了农田。4range n.C山脉；种类；范围；幅度 vi.(在一定范围内)变动；变化It is one of the most difficult peaks to
9、 climb in the whole range.在整个山脉中，这是最难攀登的山峰之一。There were 120 students whose ages ranged from 10 to 18.有120名学生的年龄在10至18岁之间。射程；距离range根义排列连续；山脉(变动)范围；幅度论及；涉及(在某范围内)变动；变化whole/broad/wide range of sth.各种各样的事物beyond/out of range 超出的范围in the range(of)在范围内range from.to.从到；在范围内变化range 作“变动”讲时不用进行时态。5situated
10、 adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的The college is situated on a hill just outside the city.那所大学坐落在城外的一处山坡上。My hometown is situated in southern Shandong Province.我的家乡位于山东省南部。固定搭配：be situated in/on/ton.位于的(in 表示界线以内；on 表示界线以外，并接壤；to 表示界线以外，不接壤)；be situated 处于(某种)境况He is awkwardly situated.他处境尴尬。situate vt.使位于，使处于The
11、 council is discussing where to situate the new hospital.委员会正在讨论应将新医院建在何处。situation n.(建筑物的)位置，地点；形势，局面The situation is unfavourable for us.形势对我们不利。6symbol n.C象征；符号A dove is the symbol of peace.鸽子是和平的象征。The sign“”is the symbol for division.“”是除法符号。symbol,sign 和marksymbol指作为象征或表达某种深邃意义的特殊事物。sign指代表具有
12、固定意义的一种简明的符号或标志；比symbol 简单明了。mark指在其他事物上留下的清晰可见的印痕或先天固有的标志。The chemical symbol for copper is“Cu”铜的化学符号是“Cu”。A dark cloud is a sign of rain.乌云是降雨的征兆。His remark left a deep mark upon the readers.他的评论给读者留下了深刻的印象。7located adj.位于的Their factory is located at the foot of the mountain.他们的工厂位于山脚下。Our school
13、is located in Haidian District.我们学校位于海淀区。locate vt.使坐落于；位于He decides to locate in Qingdao after he retires.他打算退休后去青岛定居。locate,situate,lie 和 standlocatesituatelocate 和 situate 通常用过去分词作表语，指某城镇、乡村或某物等的地理位置与环境的关系，即在何处。lie为最常用词，不及物动词，指国家、城镇、道路、湖海等所处的位置。be located/situated inlie in“坐落于，位于”。stand多指建筑物等被想象为
14、主体的物体立于某处。The village is located/situated in a valley.The village lies in a valley.那个村庄位于一个山谷中。The straits of Dover lie between France and England.多佛海峡位于英法之间。The Jinggang Mountains stand where the boundaries of four counties meet.井冈山位于四县的交界处。8architect n.C建筑师This building was designed by a young arc
15、hitect.这座建筑物是一个年轻建筑师设计的。Any architect should know how to design buildings better.所有的建筑师都应知道怎样更好地设计建筑物。architecture n.U建筑学；建筑业；建筑式样She majors in architecture.她主修建筑学。The Forbidden City is one of the greatest works of architecture.紫禁城是世界上最伟大的建筑之一。9birthplace n.C发源地；诞生地New Orleans is the birthplace of J
16、azz.新奥尔良是爵士乐的发源地。It is said that New York is the birthplace of baseball.据说纽约是棒球的诞生地。10civilisation n.U，C文明Many scholars regarded the use of fire as the origin of civilisation.许多学者认为火的使用是人类文明的起源。Chinese civilisation is one of the oldest civilisations in the world.华夏文明是世界上最古老的文明之一。civilize v.使开化/文明civ
17、ilized adj.文明的；有礼貌的11influence vt.影响；对有作用 nU影响；作用；势力The weather influences crops.天气影响农作物。The influence of climate on crops is self-evident.气候对农作物的影响是不证自明的。固定搭配：have an influence on 对有影响The passage has a great influence on him.那篇文章对他的影响很大。influence/affect sth./sb.have an influence/effect on sth./sb.影
18、响某事/某人His parents influence/affect him very much.His parents have a great influence/effect on him.他父母对他的影响很大。under the influence of 受的影响Never let yourself under the influence of others moods.绝不让别人的情绪影响你自己。12project n.C 计划；项目；工程 vt.投射；发射；预计；推断They formed a project to build a new school building.他们拟定了
19、盖一幢新教学楼的计划。Now they can go to school with the help of the Hope Project.现在他们通过希望工程的帮助可以继续上学了。The slide was projected on the screen.幻灯片被投射在银幕上。The company projected an annual growth rate of 3%.该公司预计每年的增长率为3%。project.onto.把投影到上be projected to do sth.预计去做某事do a project on 做关于的课题13ancient adj.古代的；古老的How
20、many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games?多少个国家参加了古代奥林匹克运动会？Its an ancient city that has many places of interest.这是一个古老的城市，有很多名胜古迹。1People in _ times wrote down a series of important events so that we now have what is called history.2Its the second _(large)city in China.3The parking lot,_
21、(situate)in the center of the city,is not so large.4Lets speak in a low voice in case she could hear.Shes out of _.5The price of beer ranged from 50 cents _$4 per liter during summer.6The book had a great influence _ his life;after he read the book,his lifestyle changed a lot.7Its one of the worlds
22、largest chains of golf shops,_(locate)in the heart of Shanghai.8Most people like green as it is a _ of life.9Before the final examination,some students have shown _ of tension.They even have trouble in sleeping.10This is a beautiful little house,standing on the top of the mountain and _(face)the har
23、bour.11We are often _(face)with the two opposite sides of a thing which are both desirable.12English became more commonly used around the world,especially in _(continent)Europe and Japan.13The _(civilise)of China started in the Neolithic age(新石器时代)，about 4,000 years to 10,000 years ago.14Can you swi
24、m _ the river?Of course.15He is the greatest painter _ all time.答案与解析1ancient解析：句意：古代人把重要的事情记录下来，这样我们就有了今天的历史。ancient“古代的”。2largest解析：序数词后用形容词的最高级形式。3situated解析：句意：位于市中心的那个停车场并不大。be situated in/on“位于；坐落在”，为固定搭配。4range解析：句意：我们小声说话以免她听见。她在那个地方听不见。out of range“超出(视力或听力)范围”。5to解析：句意：在夏天，啤酒价格每升从50分到4美元不等
25、。range from.to.“在范围内变动”。6on解析：have a good/great/bad influence on sb./sth.意为“对某人/某物有好的/巨大的/坏的影响”。句意：这本书对他的生活产生了很大的影响。读了这本书后，他的生活方式变化了很多。7located解析：此处located 为形容词作状语，相当于which is located in the heart of Shanghai。句意：这是世界上最大的高尔夫连锁商店之一，位于上海市中心。8symbol解析：symbol“象征”。句意：大部分人喜欢绿色是因为它是生命的象征。9sign解析：sign“迹象，现象，
26、标记”。10facing解析：此处facing 与 standing 并列，在句中作状语；face 为及物动词，意思是“面向，朝向”。11faced解析：be faced with 意为“面对”。句意：我们经常面对难以取舍的境地。12continental解析：continental“大陆的，大洲的”。句意：英语在全世界被更广泛地使用，特别是在欧洲大陆与日本。13civilisation解析：civilisation“文明”。句意：中国文明始于新石器时代，距离今天约1万年到4,000年左右。14across解析：句意：你能游到河的对岸吗？当然能。across“横过；穿过”，强调从某个平面的一边
27、到另一边。15of解析：of all time“有史以来”。1be covered by/with.被覆盖70 percent of the earths surface is covered by water.地球表面的70%被水覆盖着。The mountain peaks are covered with snow all the year.山顶上终年积雪。cover for 代替；为打掩护cover up 掩饰；隐瞒cover over(完全)盖住cover vt.包含；覆盖；掩盖；占地(多大面积)n.C封面；盖子2work on(spend time/energy on)做工作；从事；
28、说服(某人)He is working on a new novel.他目前正在写一部新的小说。She has worked on this project for three years.她做这项工程已经3年了。He hasnt said hell do it yet,but Im working on him.他还没说他会做这件事，不过我正在设法说服他。work at 努力改善；致力于work in 包括；把加进work out 锻炼；制订出(计划等)；计算出(答案等)；设法弄懂3because of 因为；由于The party was cancelled because of the
29、heavy rain.那场聚会因暴雨而取消了。I think he eats my food because of his greed,not hunger.我认为他吃我的食物是因为他贪吃而不是因为饥饿。because of,due to,owing to 和 thanks tobecause of表示“因为，由于”，作状语。due to表示“由于”，作表语或状语，不可置于句首。owing to 表示“由于”，作表语或状语。thanks to表示“幸亏，由于”，作状语。Because of the bad weather the plane was delayed.由于天气不好，飞机晚点了。T
30、he failure of the scheme was due to bad management.计划的失败是由于管理不善。He arrived late owing to the traffic jam.由于交通堵塞，他来晚了。Thanks to his help,we finished the work on time.幸亏他的帮助，我们才按时完成了工作。4in the 1300s 表示“在14世纪”，可写成in the 1300s,相当于in the 14th century。Great changes have taken place in China in the 1980s.中
31、国在20世纪80年代发生了巨大的变化。“in ones逢整十的年代的复数”表示“在某人来岁时”。如：in ones twenties(在某人20多岁时)；in ones teens(在某人10多岁时)。Karl Marx began his revolutionary work in his twenties.卡尔马克思二十多岁就开始从事革命工作。5be known as.作为而出名/闻名Hes known as a successful writer.他是一位知名的成功作家。Zhang Heng and Galileo are known as scientific pioneers who
32、 helped us better understand the world.张衡和伽利略都是公认的科学界先驱，是他们帮助我们更好地认识了世界。与know 有关的其他搭配：be known for.由于而出名China is known for its long history.中国以其悠久历史而闻名。Guilin is known for its beautiful scenery.桂林因其美丽的风景而出名。be known to sb.为所熟知The scientist is known to us all.我们都认识那位科学家。He is an honest man,as is know
33、n to all.众所周知，他是一个诚实的人。be known as 和 be known forbe known as所接的名词是主语的同位语成分。be known for所接的名词表示著名的原因。This area is known as a green tea producing place.这个地区作为绿茶产地而著名。The place is known for its green tea.这个地方以其绿茶而出名。6ever since 自从一直The CCTV has been broadcasting English programmes ever since 1977.中国中央电
34、视台自1977年以来一直在播放英语节目。Ive been afraid of dogs ever since I was bitten by one.自从被狗咬过以后，我就一直害怕狗。ever since,since then 和 from then onever since“从那以后一直”，一般与现在完成时连用。since then“自那时至今”，常与现在完成时连用。from then on“从那时起”，常与一般过去时连用。I went to the US in 2004 and have lived there ever since.我2004年去了美国，从那以后就一直住在那里。I hav
35、e never seen him since then.自那以后，我再也没看到过他。From then on she knew she would win.从那时起她就知道自己会赢。7of all time 有史以来Einstein is one of the greatest physicists of all time.爱因斯坦是有史以来最伟大的物理学家之一。at a time 逐一；每次at all times 总是；永远(at)any time 在任何时候at no time 永不；决不at one time 曾经at the same time 同时；然而at the time 当时
36、；那时at times 有时from time to time 有时；偶尔in no time 立刻；马上in time 及时；迟早on time准时1Thank God youre safe!I stepped back，just _ time to avoid the racing car.2She left school three years ago and _(work)as a nurse in this hospital ever since.3She is well-known _ her poems and she is also famous _ an actress.4T
37、he open-air celebration has been put off because _ the bad weather.5It is not rare in _ 1990s that people in _ fifties are going to university for further education.6The scientists are still working _ finding new methods of curing this disease.7The ground is _(cover)with water.It must have rained la
38、st night.8The National Stadium which is now under construction will _ an area of 68,700 square meters.答案与解析1in解析：in time 及时。句意：我后退一步，及时避开了飞驰的汽车。2has worked解析：ever since 意为“自从一直”，一般与完成时态连用。句意：她三年前毕业，自那以来便一直在这家医院当护士。3for;as解析：be well-known/famous for 意为“因而著名”；be known/famous as 意为“作为而著名”。4of解析：because
39、 of 意为“因为，由于”。句意：露天庆祝活动因为天气恶劣而被推迟了。5the;their解析：表示“20世纪90年代”，应用in the 1990s；表示“在某人50多岁的时候”，应用in ones fifties。6on解析：句意：科学家们仍致力于寻找治愈该疾病的方法。work on“从事”。7covered解析：句意：地上全是水，昨天晚上一定下雨了。be covered with“被覆盖”，为固定搭配。8cover解析：句意：正在修建的国家体育馆占地面积将达到68,700平方米。cover“占地(多大面积)”。1The United Kingdom is off the northwes
40、t coast of continental Europe.英国位于欧洲大陆的西北海岸线附近。句子中的off 表示离某地不远的某个方位。They were sailing off the coast of France.他们正在离法国海岸不远的海面上航行。Xiamen is a picturesque city off the coast of southeastern China.厦门是中国东南沿海一个美丽的城市。表示方位的介词to,on,into表示两地不接壤Japan is to the east of China.日本位于中国的东边。on 表示两地接壤Shanxi is on the
41、west of Hebei.山西在河北的西边。in 表示两地是包含关系Nanjing is in the southeast of China.南京在中国的东南部。2Between France and Spain is another mountain rangethe Pyrenees.法国与西班牙之间横亘着另外一条山脉比利牛斯山。本句是个完全倒装句。between France and Spain 表方位，is 为系动词，another mountain range 为主语；破折号“”对another mountain range 起补充说明作用，相当于that is。倒装句多用一般现在
42、时或一般过去时，其常用句型主要有以下四种：(1)down/up/in/out/away 等表方向的副词，后接不及物动词，主语放在谓语后面。但此句型中的主语如果不是名词而是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。Up went the rockets into the air.火箭直冲天空。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.一枚导弹(突然)从轰炸机下面发射出来。Ahead sat an old woman.前面坐着一位老夫人。Away they went.他们走了。(2)“Therebe/exist/lie/live/stand/seem to be/app
43、ear to be主语”表示“有，存在”等。There lies a building.那里有一栋楼。(3)There/Here/Then/Thuscome/go/be/run名词(主语)There goes the bell.铃响了。Here is your letter.你的信。Here comes the school bus.校车来了。Here he comes.(代词作主语，主谓语序不变)他来了。(4)表语(形容词、过去分词、现在分词)be主语Hanging on the wall is a picture.挂在墙上的是一幅画。3Paris is the capital and la
44、rgest city of France,situated on the River Seine.巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。本句中，situated on the River Seine 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Paris,相当于定语从句which is situated on the River Seine。be situated in/on.可看作是固定用法，意为“位于；坐落在”。As soon as she entered her own room,she saw the gift bought by her father.她一进自己的房间就看到了父亲买
45、的礼物。We should put all the books used at hand and the others in order on the shelf.我们应当把所有用得着的书放在手边，其他的按顺序放在书架上。The Imperial Palace,situated in the heart of Beijing,is also known as the Forbidden City.故宫位于北京市中心，也被称为紫禁城。4About two-thirds of Frances artists and writers live in Paris.法国约2/3的艺术家和作家住在巴黎。t
46、wo-thirds 2/3(a)two-thirds of the students(b)two thirds of the students 2/3 的学生Two-thirds of the trees have been cut down.2/3 的树木被砍掉了。Two-thirds of the work has been done.2/3的工作已经做完了。About 50 percent of the land is suitable to grow plants.大约50%的土地适合种庄稼。More than 50 percent of the people are in favou
47、r of the plan.超过50%的人都赞成这个计划。“分数/百分数of名词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数根据of 后名词的单复数形式而定。表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子如果大于1，分母须加-s，同时，基数词与序数词之间的连字符“-”可加也可不加。5One of Barcelonas most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia,which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.巴塞罗那最有名的标志性建筑之一就是圣家大教堂，由建筑师安东尼奥高迪设计
48、。本句为主从复合句。其中，which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的the Church of the Sagrada Familia,which 在从句中作主语；另外，called Antonio Gaudi 为过去分词短语作前面an architect 的后置定语。The house,which was completed in 1856,was famous for its huge marble staircase.这所房子建于1856年，以巨大的大理石楼梯闻名。1We have launched another man-made satellite,_ is announced i
49、n todays newspaper.2Finally we landed on the island _ the east coast.3One-third of the country _(be)covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _(be)black people.4_ the northeast coast of the sea,we could find the forest was on fire on the island _ the coast.5Hearing the dog barking fiercely
50、,away _(the thief flee)6He works in a factory _(situate)in the centre of the town.7Two thirds of the water _(use)so far.8You must watch over my luggage _ I return.答案与解析1which解析：which 引导非限制性定语从句，用来代替上文所提到的事件。2off解析：off the east coast 在东海岸附近。3is;are解析：分数修饰名词作主语，谓语动词与名词保持一致；the majority of the citizens 作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。4On;off解析：on the coast of.表示“在的海岸上”；off the coast 表示“在离海岸不远处”。5fled the thief解析：away 置于句首时，句子应用全部倒装语序。6situated解析：situated in 位于，坐落在。7has been used解析：so far 与现在完成时连用。8until解析：until 直到为止。句意：你必须看管我的行李直到我回来为止。温示提馨请 做：随 堂 演 练 03（点击进入）温示提馨请 完 成：课时作业1（点击进入）