1、阅读题型四 短文填词01 命题趋势 考标导向化1.命题特点短文填词是一种新型的中考题型,在许多中考试卷中已经占有了一个重要的位置。短文填词的特点与完形填空的特点差不多,即在一篇短文中留出815个空白，要求学生在正确理解和把握文章大意的基础上根据上、下文的逻辑关系来填写空缺单词，它是考查学生综合运用英语能力的一种有效方法，不仅能比较准确地考查学生的各项知识水平,而且也能培养和提高学生综合运用英语的能力。2.考查形式短文填词通常有三种考查形式：一种是方框选词型，另一种是首字母提示型，第三种是无首字母提示型。02 题型解读 题型归类化类型 方框选词补全短文型【解题策略】1.先对备选的间汇的词性作简单
2、标记，如：名词n.，动词v.，形容词adj.，副词adv.等。同时对词义做初步的理解。2.根据题意或通读全文，猜测空格中所缺的信息，注意 发现固定搭配关系.根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。3.在填词过程中要注意词形的变化。既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有“s”不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”，填入“代词” 需慎重，五格变化要谨记。4.完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答
3、案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。【题组训练】A(2022河南)usual，mistake，rest，hundred，what，make，although，under，they，think，fly，howEvery morning，kids from a high school are working hard. They are 1 and selling special coffee at a coffee shop. They are also making a lot of money.These students can make up to nine 2 dollars
4、a day. They are selling their special coffee to airplane passengers. After the students get paid，the 3 of the money goes to a local youth project.These high school students use a space in the Oakland airport. It is 4 very crowded(拥挤的).Many people who 5 on the planes like to drink the special coffee.
5、One customer(顾客) 6 that the coffee costs a lot but it is good and worth it. Most customers are pleasant but some are unhappy. 7 do not like it if the coffee shop is not open for business.The students make6.10 an hour. They also get school credit(学分)while they learn 8 to run a business. Many of the s
6、tudents enjoy the work 9 it took some time to learn how to do it.They have to learn how to heat milk，load the pots，and add flavor. It takes some skill and sometimes 10 are made. The most common mistake is forgetting to add the coffee.1._2._3._4_5._6._7._8._9._10._B(2022兰州)when I happy a(n) leave use
7、less for minute how shoutOne day，all feelings were on vacation on an island，and each was having 1 good time. Suddenly，theres a warning of a strong storm，so all rushed to their boats.Yet，Love didnt wish to run away quickly.But as the clouds darkened，Love realized it was time 2 .But there were no boat
8、s to use.Love looked around with hope.Just then Richness was passing by.Love asked，“Richness，can you take me with you?”Richness answered，“No，I cant.Theres a lot of gold in my boat.Theres no place here 3 you.”Sorrow passed by after a while.Again，Love asked for help.But it was 4 .“No，I cant take you w
9、ith me. I am so sad. I want to be by 5 .”When Happiness passed by a few 6 later，Love again called for help. But Happiness was so happy that it couldnt care about anyone else.Love was growing hopeless. Just then somebody 7 ，“Come，Love，I will take you with me.” Love didnt know who was being so kind，bu
10、t jumped onto the boat 8 .After getting off the boat，Love met Knowledge. Love asked，“Knowledge，do you know who was so kind to give me a lift 9 no one else wished to help?”Knowledge smiled，“That was Time.”“Time?” asked Love.“But why did Time help me?”Knowledge smiled and answered，“Because only Time i
11、s able to understand 10 valuable Love is.”1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._C(2022山西)I , that, thing, stand, anger, serious, who, find, near, support, danger, everywhereFor a long time，I saw happiness as a huge banner across the finish line of a long race. I felt that only when I completed certain 1 co
12、uld I finally be happy in my life. Most of the time I felt like a tortoise. I believed that being slow and strong-minded would win the race. At other times I would act like a rabbit.I tried different roads at a 2 speed，hoping to reach that banner a little faster. Gradually，I began to see that no mat
13、ter how long I raced towards it，the banner never got any 3 .I finally decided one day to sit down and take a rest.It was then that I saw my happiness sitting beside 4 .It had been with me as I worked hard 5 my family，as I played with my children and I heard their laughter and even when I was 6 ill w
14、ith my wife at my side looking after me.It had been with me as I raced towards that stupid banner.I just didnt have the ability to see it.There is an old saying 7 goes，“Tension is who you think you should be. Relaxation is who you are.” Perhaps we all should stop our race towards the perfect life we
15、 think we should have. We should enjoy the life we have now. Happiness will never 8 under some banner far away. You will find it in your own heart，soul and mind.You will find it when you realize that others love you just as you do.Dont be a tortoise or a rabbit when it comes to your happiness. Be a
16、playful little dog and carry your stick of joy with you 9 you go. Take yourself out of the race and realize that when it comes to love and happiness，you 10 there already. Happiness is just around the corner.1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._类型 首字母提示填写单词补全短文型【解题策略】首字母短文填空重点考查了考生单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力
17、，在考查词汇的同时也考查读与写的能力。其主要策略为：1.通读全文，把握句意。只有文章意思清楚了，才能根据文义进行合理的判断，从而有可能突然产生“灵感”，将断层的信息比较准确地反映出来。2.注意精读，反复琢磨。做这类题，有时可根据固定用法判断，有时可通过上下文意思判断，遇到难词时，要根据其前后的句子反复推敲，再三琢磨该词在句中的作用，由此判断出该词的意思。3.把握词义，填写准确。准确指符合要求，即所填写的单词必须以规定字母开头，符合意思，即符合整篇文章的基调，更符合所在句子的含义，不可出现意义断层，说东到西；符合语法，指所填词形的变化，如名词是否要用单复数；形容词是否要用比较级，动词的时态、语态
18、变化等。4.复读全文，验证答案。看所填单词是否为最佳单词，拼写是否准确无误，词形是否需要作必要的变化，短文是否前后连贯一致，情节发展是否合理，议论是否合乎逻辑等。【题组训练】A(2022镇江)More and more families like to keep dogs as pets. But not all dog owners think of others while they are walking their dogs.So many towns and cities around the world f 1 a mess of left-behind feces(粪便)from
19、 dogs.In February of this year，a town in France started a new p 2 to teach dog owners a lesson. The g 3 sent about 20 volunteers to search the streets carefully，looking for humans who wouldnt clean up after their dogs. The volunteers who seemed to have no c 4 aim would then move nearer to the pet ow
20、ner，then start a conversation in order to get the dogs name.“W 5 the name of the dog and its type，we can e 6 discover the owner from the registered(登记)database(信息库)held in the town hall.” an officer e 7 .The volunteers would then pick up the dog feces and the package would be p 8 to the pet owners h
21、ouse. In the past few m 9 ，the town has seen a 70% decrease(减少)in the amount of dog feces left on public streets.Maybe many cities in our country can follow its e 10 .In this way there will be fewer complaints about dog owners.1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._ _10._ _B(2022天津)On July 2，1937，Amelia Earhart
22、(an American pilot)and Fred Noonan left New Guinea for Howland Island in the Pacific.This was the longest and most dangerous part of their t 1 around the world.Earhart had trouble soon after the plane took off.The weather was very bad，so she had to f 2 at 3，000 metres.Going this high，the plane used
23、fuel quickly.After about 20 h 3 ，Earhart and Noonan got close to Howland Island.The island was o 4 about 65 miles(英里)away，but the bright sun was shining in their faces so they couldnt see it.Near Howland，a ship was w 5 for the plane. Earhart contacted the ship:“We dont have enough fuel.” she said.Th
24、e ship tried to stay in touch with her b 6 got no answer.Finally，the ship called for help.People looked for Earhart and Noonan for days.However，they found nothing.What happened to Amelia Earhart?No one knows for sure.D 7 the flight，she probably moved in the wrong direction(方向)because the sun was bri
25、ght and it was d 8 to see. So she got lost; soon after，her plane ran out of fuel，and she died at sea. Another idea is that she survived(幸存)the plane crash(飞机失事)，s 9 to a lonely island，and later died there. Still others think she survived the crash and secretly returned to the U.S. with a new identit
26、y(身份).Till now，none of these i 10 has been proved. People are still wondering about them.(Noonans body has never been found either.)No matter what happened，Earhart probably died as she wished.“When I go，” she said，“Id like best to go in my plane.”1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._C(2022武汉)Maria Vas and
27、 and her dog walked down the hall of the nursing home and stopped in front of the old lady with a nurse at her side.“Would she like to s 1 my dog?” Maria asked.“No，a visit wont h 2 her.” said the nurse. Then she e 3 that the lady was too sick to appreciate visitors.But Maria decided to try anyway. S
28、he had done research on animal assisting therapy(辅助疗法)for ten years. And she was very successful in this a 4 .Shed seen even sickest patients enjoy a visit from a lovely dog.Maria carried the dog over to the old lady.Immediately，the woman r 5 toward the dog! She was so p 6 that she began smiling and
29、 trying to talk.The nurse stood aside，w 7 them in amazement. This woman had never communicated with anyone. It was like she wasnt even a 8 until the dog came to a visit.Around the world sick adults and c 9 fill lonely hospital rooms. They may have an illness or need to be c 10 for. A dogs friendly e
30、yes and warm paws(爪子)may be just what the doctor ordered to encourage them and help them heal(治愈).1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._参考答案：阅读题型四短文填词类型方框选词补全短文型A)1.making2.hundred3.rest4.usually5.fly6.thinks7.They8.how9.although10.mistakesB)1.a2.to leave3.for4.useless5.myself6.minutes7.shouted8.happily9.w
31、hen10.howC)1.things2.dangerous3.nearer4.me5.to support6.seriously7.that8.be found9.everywhere10.have stood类型首字母提示填写单词补全短文型A）1.face2.plan/project3.government4.clear/certain5.With6.easily7.explained8.posted9.months10.exampleB)1.travel/tour/trip2.fly3.hours4.only5.waiting6.but7.During8.difficult9.swam10.ideasC)1.see2.help3.explained4.area5.reached6.pleased7.watching8.alive9.children10.cared
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