1、Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking1、It is reported that all are eager _ (reach) an agreement.2、Weve collected $ 50,000 for the poor, thanks to the _ (generous) of the public.3、He lay in bed, with his eyes _ (fix) on the roof.4、He realized no one was in _(defend) of his inte
2、rest.5、Those woods gave us all a sense of _(belong).6、I think the problem just now _ (refer) to is an important one.7、Do you know the boy _ (lie) under the big tree?8、The students like reading stories _ (write) by the famous writer.9、The girl answered the question in such a low voice that she couldn
3、t make herself _ (hear) by others.10、 Do you think you could get this package _ (mail) for me, please? No problem!11、 It was dinner time for the Rangers, a group of Indigenous (本地的) Australians who had spent a long day cleaning up the polluted beaches of the continents northern coast. Soon they woul
4、d be eating freshly caught fish and seafood cooked under the stars on an open fire, as their ancestors did. The Rangers are of more than 100 indigenous groups spreading across Australia who have taken on the job of protecting the land of their forefathers. In Arnhem Land, they are the protectors of
5、3, 300 square miles of land and sea. They comb the beaches by hand, picking up as much rubbish as possible. The task is very difficult as each day it delivers waves of new rubbish. For the Rangers, cleaning the beaches is more than a vacation. For a people whose culture is strongly tied to the land,
6、 protecting the environment is equal to preserving their history. However, colonization forcefully broke their connection to the land generations ago. Indigenous people were displaced and their cultural practices were outlawed. Tens of thousands of years of traditional land management ended, and as
7、a result many parts of the country now face serious disasters from invasive plants and animal species, bush fires and land mismanagement. In recent years, the government has restored more than 20 percent of Australias land to Indigenous owners. Since 2007, the Indigenous Rangers Organizations have b
8、een protecting this land. Luckily, one of the few non-Indigenous employees working with the Rangers, said the combination, new techniques and an appreciation for the culture of Indigenous workers have been critical to the programs success. You are working with staff who see the world different to yo
9、u, so there is a much higher focus on the cultural aspects of work and life, he said. Being a ranger is a source of confidence. You feel strong, said Terence, a senior ranger. Here we still live on the land. The culture is still alive.1. What did Indigenous Australians live on in the past?A. Rubbish
10、 picked up by hand.B. Protecting the land.C. Catching the fish and seafood.D. Invasive plants and animals.2. What do the Rangers think of cleaning the beaches?A. Its a job of their ancestors.B. Its just a vacation.C. Its a difficult task.D. Its their culture.3. Why has the government restored the la
11、nd to Indigenous owners?A. The polluted land needs better management.B. Their cultural practices were outlawed.C. The people were too strong.D. The land belongs to them.4. What can we learn from the last three paragraphs?A. Not many employees are Indigenous Australians.B. Culture is important to the
12、 Indigenous Australians.C. Their new techniques are successful.D. Both Luck and Terence are rangers.12、 If youre a cycling lover, you will have to pay a lot of attention to your bicycle and maintain it well, for bicycle parts are exposed to wear and tear(磨损) over time and you have to examine the bic
13、ycle to see if there are any signs of wearing such as scratches, dents(凹陷), etc. Sometimes, a part may not work because it has exceeded its life expectancy. Sometimes, you will need to find replacement parts for it to keep up the performance of the bicycle. Different parts of a bicycle will wear at
14、different rates so it is very important that you have a basic understanding about the role played by each part. One of the most important parts of the bicycle is the frame, you will need to choose a frame that lasts for a very long time. Of course, you will see some paint scratches after some time.
15、When youre selecting a frame, you have to think about the material. Aluminium(锅) frames will not rust easily, but they have a higher chance to dent. Steel frames will be hard to dent, but you will need to make sure they get a good paint job so that they wont rust. Wheels also experience a lot of wea
16、r and tear and you should go for a professional seller when you want to buy wheels. There are different types of wheels that you can buy, like Zipp wheels that provide more aerodynamic efficiency(空气动力学效能). Investing in new tyres instead of going for used is a good idea because you will be able to ge
17、t more use out of it. The same goes for chain as theres a higher chance of a used chain breaking. You may also experience shifting problems. However, some parts of bicycles such as pedals can be used for a long time and you can find different styles. Other parts that you can buy used are seats, hand
18、lebars and the stem. When you are buying handlebars, you have to see if there are any dents or if they have been bent out of shape. There shouldnt be any cracks in the seat post or the handlebars. There are many shops where you can buy parts, so you will have to check the references to see how custo
19、mers respond to them before you buy anything.1.According to the passage, cycling lovers should _.A.buy a new bicycle to keep up the performanceB.replace the bicycle parts with signs of wearingC.choose aluminium frames rather than steel onesD.learn how each part of the bicycle basically works2.Which
20、parts may be replaced by the used ones?A. Wheels and chains.B.Tyres and seats.C.Handlebars and stems.D. Frames and pedals.3.The underlined word references in the last paragraph probably means _.A. materialsB. pricesC. introductionsD. comments4.This passage is most likely to be found in _.A.a researc
21、h reportB.a popular magazineC.a tourist guide bookD.a product advertisement13、 The history of civil engineering(土木工程) is 1._ very important story in the development of civilisation(文明). Civil engineers 2._(begin) practising their profession 400 years ago. What is left of their work is the proof that
22、 they were wise. These engineers of the ancient world built entire cities. They 3._(design) systems of pipes 4._ supplied fresh water. They built water pipelines for farmlands as well as bridges of great 5._(long). The relics of their buildings tell us much about the work of early engineers. Conside
23、r the pyramids of Egypt. 6._ are evidence that some of the earliest engineers had great scientific ability. There is also evidence that those engineers could make lasting work of art and design. The Egyptian engineers lived thousands of years ago, 7._ they used very exact measurements. They also set
24、 up methods of moving and 8._(shape) the building materials. These materials were very heavy. They had to 9._(bring) from miles away and sometimes lifted several hundred feet. During the work the engineers commanded thousands of 10._(work). 答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：to reach解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 据报道, 大家都渴望达成一项协议。be
25、eager to do sth.渴望做某事。 2答案及解析：答案：generosity解析：考查名词。句意: 多亏了公众的慷慨, 我们为穷人募集到了50, 000美元。定冠词the后用名词形式。 3答案及解析：答案：fixed解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 他躺在床上, 眼睛盯着房顶。fix ones eyes on集中目光于。eyes与fix之间为被动关系, 故用过去分词。 4答案及解析：答案：defence解析： 5答案及解析：答案：belonging解析： 6答案及解析：答案：referred解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 我认为刚才提到的那个问题很重要。the problem与refer
26、to之间为被动关系, 故用过去分词短语作后置定语。 7答案及解析：答案：lying解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 你认识躺在大树底下的那个男孩吗? the boy与lie之间为主动关系, 故用现在分词短语作后置定语。 8答案及解析：答案：written解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 学生们喜欢读那位著名的作家写的小说。stories与write之间为被动关系, 因此用过去分词短语作后置定语。 9答案及解析：答案：heard解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 这个女孩回答问题的声音很低, 以至于她无法使别人听到她的声音。herself与hear之间为被动关系, 故用过去分词作宾语补足语。 10答案及解析：
27、答案：mailed解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 你认为你能帮我把这个包裹寄出去吗?没问题。package与mail之间为被动关系, 故用过去分词作宾语补足语。 11答案及解析：答案：CDAB解析：1.C推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的Soon they would be eating freshly caught fish and seafood cooked under the stars on an open fire, as their ancestors did.可知, 他们像他们的祖先一样, 在星空下吃着篝火煮熟的新鲜的鱼和海鲜。由此可推知澳大利亚土著居民过去过着以捕鱼和打捞海鲜为主的
28、生活。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的For a people whose culture is strongly tied to the land, protecting the environment is equal to preserving their history.可知, 对于一个文化与土地紧密相连的民族来说, 保护环境就等于保护他们的历史。所以Rangers认为清理海滩就是保护他们的文化。3.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的Tens of thousands of years of traditional land management ended, and as a result
29、 many parts of the country now face serious disasters from invasive plants and animal species, bush fires and land mismanagement.可知, 成千上万年的传统的土地管理模式结束了, 因此, 这个国家的许多地区现在面临着来自外来动植物物种的入侵、丛林火灾和土地管理不善的严重灾难。所以政府要将土地归还给原住居民是因为被污染的土地需要他们更好地管理。4.B推理判断题。根据文章第六段Luckily, one of the few non-Indigenous employees
30、working with the Rangers, said the combination, new techniques and an appreciation for the culture of Indigenous workers have been critical to the programs success.和第七段You are working with staff who see the world different to you, so there is a much higher focus on the cultural aspects of work and l
31、ife, he said.以及第八段中的The culture is still alive.可知文化对澳大利亚土著居民很重要。 12答案及解析：答案：1-4 DCDB解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Different parts of a bicycle will wear at different rates so it is very important that you have a basic understanding about the role played by each part.可知自行车的不同部件磨损速度不同，所以对每个部件的作用有一个基本的了解是非常重要的。即
32、行车爱好者应该了解自行车的各个部分 是如何工作的，故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Other parts that you can buy used are seats, handlebars and the stem.可知座椅、车把和把立可以用二手的替代，故选C。3.词义猜测题。根据后文to see how customers respond to them before you buy anything可知你在买任何东西之知，看看顾客的反应如何，即对这些零件的“评价”，故可推测划线单词意思为“评价”，故选D。4.推理判断题。文章内容主要是给自行车爱好者说明自行车各个部分的作用和注意
33、事项，此类文章最有可能出自一份流行杂志。故选B。 13答案及解析：答案：1.a 2.began 3.designed 4.which/that 5.length 6.They 7.but/yet 8.shaping 9.be brought 10.workers解析：1.句意：土木工程的历史在文明的发展中是一个非常重要的史话。此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。2.根据时间状语400 years ago可知用一般过去时。故填began。3.根据本段时态可知，此空用过去式。故填designed。4._ supplied fresh water为定语从句，修饰前面的名词，所填词引导定语从句并在句中做主
34、语，指代systems of pipes，故应填which/that。5.of great length是固定用法，相当于very long，故填 length。6.此空在本句中做主语，指代前一句中的复数名词短语the pyramids of Egypt。故填 They。7.句意：埃及工程师们生活在数千年以前，但他们却使用了非常精准的测量方法。设空前后分别为完整的句子，设空处应填连词来连接两个句子。前后语义发生转折，故填转折连词but/yet。8.此空与moving并列做介词of的宾语，形式应与moving 致。故填shaping。9.have to do sth.意为不得不做某事，为固定用法。主语They指代的是materials，它与bring之间是被动关系。故填be brought。10.句意:工程师命令成千上万的工人。故用 workers。
