1、浙江省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（61）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AAs a Fulbright（富布莱特法案基金）scholar at Yale, I wanted very much to get some individual help from some famous professors, but their office-hours were only once a week and there were always students waiting outside. At first, I was too polite
2、 to get their help. Then I realized that Chinese politeness does not work in this society. I needed to be aggressive(好胜的) to get what I wanted. I also noticed that Chinese students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the professor, asking questions a
3、nd dominating the discussion. The Chinese students were not as aggressive as American students.I was impressed by the role of the professor in the class. The professor didnt act as an authority(权威), giving final conclusions, but as a researcher looking for answers to questions together with the stud
4、ents. One linguistic feature of his interacting with his students was that he used many modal (情态)verbs-far more than I did in Beiwai. When answering questions, he usually said: “this is my personal opinion and it could be wrong. It would be a good idea if you could read the book I mentioned the oth
5、er day.” Or,“ You may find the book I recommended helpful.” Or,“You could be right, but you might find this point of view also interesting.” When making comments in studentsperformances, the professor usually said:” It might have been much clearer if you had taken in some of the ideas we discussed e
6、arlier this semester.”In China, authorities are always supposed to give wise decisions and correct directions. Therefore students always expect the professor to give an answer to the question. I still remember how annoyed they were when foreign teachers did not provide such an answer. Their expectat
7、ions from authorities are much higher than those of American students. Once the Chinese students got the answer, they were sure about it. That is why they make far more certain statement than American students. That is why Chinese students find it difficult to use modal verbs because the function of
8、 modal verbs is to provide room for negotiation and different ideas.1.According to the author, American students _. A. tend to offend others in class B. show no respect for their teachers in class C. are more active than Asian students in class ks5u D. are more polite than Asian students in class2.
9、The American professors use many modal verbs because they want to_. A. argue with their students B. be more sure about their answers C. express their ideas more clearly D. develop their students own way of thinking3. Which of the following statements best expresses the authors idea? A. Chinese profe
10、ssors can always give correct answer to the question. B. American professors are not responsible since they dont give students answers. C. American education produces aggressive students. D. Education in China is not helpful in developing students creativity.4. Which of the following methods did the
11、 author mainly employ in developing the article?A. Comparison and contrast. B. Cause and effect. C. Giving examples. D. Description.5. What is the authors attitude towards education in U.S.?A. Positive B. Negative（否定的）C. Neutral（中立的） D. Unsure BSo long as teachers fail to distinguish betweenteaching
12、 and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for which only children can do forthemselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists thatreading cannot be taught directly andschools should
13、 stop trying to do the impossible. Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions andthe climate that will make it possible for childrento devise the most efficient system for teachingthemselves to re
14、ad. Teaching is also publicactivity: It can be seen and observed. Learning to read involves all that each individualdoes not make sense of the world of printedlanguage. Almost all of it is private, for learningis an occupation of the mind, and that process isnot open to public scrutiny. If teacher a
15、nd learnerroles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child inknowledge. Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. Make learning to readeasily, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. When
16、the roles of teacher and learner are seen forwhat they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of thepressure and feeling of failure for both iseliminated. Learning to read is made easier whenteachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity
17、 to solve the problem oflearning to read by reading. 6. The problem with the reading course as mentionedin the first paragraph is that_. A. it is one of the most difficult school courses ks5uB. students spend endless hours in readingC. reading tasks are assigned with little guidanceD. too much time
18、is spent in teaching of reading7. The teaching of reading will be successful if _.A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the studentsB. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of readingC. teachers can devise the most efficient system for readingD. teachers can make their tea
19、ching activities observably8. The word scrutiny（Para.3） most probably means_.A. inquiry B. observation C. control D. suspect9. According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when _.A. children become highly motivatedB. teacher and learner roles are interchangeableC. te
20、aching helps children in the search for knowledgeD. reading enriches childrens experience10. The main idea of the passage is that _.A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to readB. teachers should encourage students to read aswidely as possibleC. reading ability is som
21、ething acquired rather than taughtD. reading is more complicated than generallybelievedCBeing sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all help, but the biggest longevity (长寿) seems to come from marriage. The effect was
22、 first noticed in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows(寡妇) and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than the married people. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a mans life and two to a womans. The effect can be seen in all causes of death
23、, whether illness, accident or self-harm.Even if the chances are all against you, marriage can more than compensate(补偿)you. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy
24、heart. Similarly, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesnt smoke. Theres a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their husband or wifes death, and caring for your husband or
25、wife with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the chances favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.So how does it work? The e
26、ffects are complicated, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological mechanisms(生理机制). For example, social contact can promote development of the brain and immune(免疫) system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later
27、in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The overall social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says:
28、“People are inter-connected, so their health is inter-connected.”11. William Farrs study and other studies show that _.A. social life provides an effective cure for illnessB. being sociable helps improve ones quality of lifeC. women benefit more than men from marriageD. marriage contributes a great
29、deal to longevity12. Linda Waites studies support the idea that _.A. older men should quit smoking to stay healthyB. marriage can help make up for ill healthC. the married are happier than the unmarriedD. unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life13. It can be inferred from the context that
30、 the “flip side” (Para. 2) refers to _.A. the disadvantages of being marriedB. the emotional problems arising from marriageC. the responsibility of taking care of ones family ks5uD. the consequence of a broken marriage14. What does the author say about social networks?A. They have effects similar to
31、 those of a marriage.B. They help develop peoples community spirit.C. They provide timely support for those in need.D. They help relieve people of their lifes burdens.15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Its important that we develop a social network when young.B. To stay healthy, one
32、 should have a proper social network.C. Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.D. We should share our social networks with each other. D You never see him, but theyre with you every time you fly. They record where you are going,how fast youre traveling and whether everything on your air
33、plane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand(承受) almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a magic book.Theyre known as the black box.When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is
34、the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the devices(设备) signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight
35、-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the box was completely redesigned and moved
36、 to the back of the plane the area least affected by impact from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to be discovered more easily.Modern airplanes have t
37、wo black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircrafts final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch
38、-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand huge force and temperatures up to 2,000. When in deep water, theyre also able to send signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that d
39、eep, but statistics say theyre still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one planes black boxes were never recovered.16. What does the author say about the black box?A. It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.B. The idea for its design co
40、mes from a magic book.C. Its ability to avoid disasters is unbelieavable.D. It is an inseparable device on an airplane.17. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?A. Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.B. The total number of passengers on board.C. The scene of
41、 the crash and extent of the damage.D. Signals sent by the pilot before the crash.18. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?A. New materials became available by that time.B. Too much space was needed for the device.C. The early models often got damaged in the crash.D. The early models didnt provi
42、de the needed data.19. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?A. To distinguish them from the colour of the plane.B. To caution people to handle them with care.C. To make them easily discovered.D. To meet with international standards.20. What do we
43、 know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?A. There is still a good chance of their being recovered.B. There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.C. They have stopped sending signals back.D. They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.1- 5 CDDAC 6-10 DBBAC 11- 15 DBAAB 16-20 DACCA 高考资源网独家精品资源，欢迎下载！高考资源网Ks5uK&S%5#UKs5uKs%U高考资源网高考资源网高考资源网