1、2014陕西省西安市高考英语阅读理解精练（3）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。【浙江省2014高考英语模拟冲刺卷】AI live in the land of Disney, Hollywood and year-round sun. You may think people in such an attractive and exciting, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the
2、nature of happiness.Many intelligent people still consider happiness equal to fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more lasting emotion.Going to an amusement p
3、ark or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is
4、 to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant access to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells “happiness”. But in memoir (回忆录) after memoir, famous people expose the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun de
5、pression, alcoholism (酗酒), drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children and extreme loneliness.Ask an unmarried man why he refuses to get married even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If hes honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment (承诺). For comm
6、itment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Similarly, couples that choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness. They can dine
7、out whenever they want and sleep as late as they want. Couples with babies are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a three-day vacation. I dont know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.The way people stick to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happ
8、iness actually reduces their chances of ever achieving real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness, then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But, in fact, the opposite is true More times than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain.As a result, many people avoid the very e
9、fforts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain unavoidably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment and self-improvement.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberat
10、ing (解放) realizations we can ever come to. It liberates time now we can devote more hours to activities that can truly increase our happiness. It liberates money buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from en
11、vy we now understand that all those rich and glamorous people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all. 41. According to the passage, which of the following people are more likely to achieve happiness?A. People living in fun-filled places.
12、 B. People taking pains to raise children.C. People living a wealthy life. D. People who are free from responsibility.42. According to the writer, an important role Hollywood stars have to play is to _.A. give audience enough fun B. write memoirs to introduce their livesC. tell people what happiness
13、 is D. show unhappiness beneath fun43. In the writers opinion, marriage _.A. means responsibility B. means the end of fun C. leads to raising children D. leads to less sleep44. Many people fail to enjoy real happiness because _.A. they believe fun is equal to happiness B. they get married and have c
14、hildrenC. they dont have religious beliefs D. they cant free themselves from commitment45. If one understands the nature of happiness, he will _. A. stop seeking fun from daily lifeB. enjoy life by spending all his wealth C. keep himself with his familyD. make more efforts to take responsibilitesPas
15、sage A【语篇解读】本文是一篇关于何为幸福的本质的议论文。作者通过阐述fun与happiness的区别向读者表明了自己对于幸福本质的认识。41B【解析】判断题。结合主题及文中的例子，答案应为B。42C【解析】事实细节题。可从语篇第四段的首句得出答案。43A【解析】推理判断题。可从语篇第五段推知。选项中的responsibility实际上中段中commitment的替代词。44A【解析】推理判断题。可从语篇第七段的首句推知。45D【解析】推理判断题。根据全文及最后一段推知。维B1 阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)选材相似度：设题相似度：难度系数：Boston College is a stat
16、esupported college on the east coast of England which has been recruiting overseas students for over 20 years and now has almost 200 international students from more than 20 different countries.You and your parents can be sure you will receive the care and support you need to succeed at our college.
17、 We have excellent teaching staff，with time and patience to help you learn in a stimulating but relaxed atmosphere.We are accredited by the British Council for the quality of our English Language teaching so you can be sure your learning experience will be good.Our new modular English course is flex
18、ible and enables you to choose the best time to join us.Not only will you cover all aspects of the English Language but you will have the choice of option subjects such as IELTS Preparation，British Culture，Literature，Business English or Study Skills.We will assess your level of English when you arri
19、ve so you can be sure you will study with students of the same ability.Classes are small: usually 1216 students so you will receive the individual attention you need to help you succeed.Boston College is based on two main campuses with English courses being taught in our stateoftheart language build
20、ing convenient for our Hall of Residence on the Rochford Campus.ALevel and International Foundation classes are taught on both Rochford and De Montfort Campuses.Classrooms are modern and well equipped with a number of specialist facilities for photography and video，computer suites，art and music stud
21、ios and an all weather sports pitch.Both campuses have large Learning Resource Centres，well equipped with computers for student use，also available for research or assignment work.Our diploma courses include catering，hairdressing，computing and engineering，each with its own specialist facilities.We al
22、so have a Music Centre providing teaching rooms，recording studio and concert hall.Note：diploma n文凭长短句分析：Boston College is a statesupported college on the east coast of England which has been recruiting overseas students for over 20 years and now has almost 200 international students from more than 2
23、0 different countries.句法点睛：本句为主从复合句。Boston College is a statesupported college on the east coast of England为主句，which引导的是定语从句，修饰college。定语从句的谓语为and连接的并列谓语。句意：波士顿学院是国家资助的位于英格兰东海岸的一所学院，已招收海外学生20余年，现有来自20多个不同国家的近200名国际学生。【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。英国Boston College有诸多诱人的留学好处，其便利和现代化的教学条件尤其吸引着海外学生。本文比较详尽地介绍了Boston col
24、lege的办学条件，目的是吸引学生报考。1What is Boston College famous for?AIts long educational history in Britain.BIts good location in the country.CIts good education conditions for overseas students.DIts way of living for overseas visitors.答案C细节理解题。第一段开宗明义，因为办学水平高，该校吸引了众多的海外留学生。2If you decide to go to Boston Colleg
25、e in Britain，you _.Ashould at first pass some English language testsBcan major in English as well as some other coursesChave to live and study with students at different levels Dshould have achieved a high level of English proficiency答案B细节理解题。第三段中有“We will assess your level of English . study with s
26、tudents of the same ability”，可见并非必须通过英语考试才能入学，因此A、C、D三项都可排除。3From the above passage，we can know _.ABoston College is owned by the British governmentBthe campuses in Boston College are far away from downtownCtheres no better college for overseas students in BritainDmany of the classrooms in Boston Co
27、llege have modern equipment答案D细节理解题。此题A选项的干扰最大。学校是由政府资助(support)，并非国有。4What is the purpose of the above passage?ATo introduce the British education system.BTo invite more overseas students to study in Boston College.CTo show the modernization of British society. DTo tell new students the rules in Bo
28、ston College.答案B推理判断题。短文系招生广告，提及学校的诸多优势来吸引留学生。阅读理解If your preschoolers turn up their noses at carrots or celery, a small reward like a sticker for taking even a taste may help get them to eat previously disliked foods, a UK study said.Though it might seem obvious that a reward could encourage young
29、children to eat their vegetables, the idea is actually controversial, researchers wrote in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Thats because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked, said Jane Wardle, a researcher at Un
30、iversity College London who worked on the study. Verbal praise, such as “Brilliant! Youre a great vegetable taster,” did not work as well.The study found t hat when parents gave their small children a sticker each time they took a “tiny taste” of a disliked vegetable, it gradually changed their atti
31、tudes. The children were also willing to eat more of the vegetables-either carrots, celery, cucumber, red pepper, cabbage or sugar snap peas-in laboratory taste tests, the study said.Researchers randomly assigned（分派）173 families to one of these groups. In one, parents used stickers to reward their c
32、hildren each time they took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable. A second group of parents used verbal praise. The third group, where parents used no special vegetable-promoting methods, served as a “control” Parents in the reward groups offered their children a taste of the “target” vegetable eve
33、ry day of 12 days, Soon after, children in the sticker group were giving higher ratings to the vegetables-and were willing to eat more in the research lab, going from an average of 5 grams at the start to about 10 grams after the 12-day experience. The turnaround also seemed to last, with preschoole
34、rs in the sticker group still willing to eat more of the once disliked vegetable three months later.Why didnt the verbal praise work? Wardle said the parents words may have seemed “insincere” to their children.16The purpose of writing the passage is .Ato introduce a practical method of making childr
35、en eat vegetablesBto show the procedure of an experiment on childrens dietCto explain why children hate to eat vegetablesDto present a proper way of vernal praise to parents17The underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.Ashoot from behind the backBmake a lire in the hackyardCprod
36、uce an unexpected resultDachieve what was planned18According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?AMost children are born to dislike carrots or celery.BIt remains a question whether rewarding is a good way to get children to eat vegetables.COral praise wokrs quite well in encour
37、aging children to eat vegetables.DChildren in the sticker group will never lose interest in eating vegetables.19How did the researchers get their conclusion from the experiment?ABy comparison.BBy asking questions.CBy giving examples,DBy discussion.20What can we learn from the last paragraph?AChildre
38、n like rewards, not verbal praise.BParents should praise their children in a sincere tone.CChildren are difficult to inspire.DParents should give up verbal praise. 1617181920ACB AB阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【湖北省2014高考英语第二次联考试题】A The boys crowded in two teams at the front of
39、Charlene Skinners class as they thought over the math problem that flashed on the whiteboard. “Thats not right,” one boy said. “It says find the slope,” another boy said, instructing his classmates. Next door, in Room A114, the girls spent five minutes in Justin Andersons science class writing down
40、everything they know about DNA. When the assigned time was up, Anderson asked the students to share some of what they noted down. “Nobodys DNA is alike,” one girl said after raising her hand. “You get it from your parents,” said another. This is how some lessons are taught at James Gholson Middle Sc
41、hool in Prince Georges County: boys in one classroom, girls in another. Advocates argue that separating boys and girls removes distractions (分心) and sex prejudice in the classroom, taking the lead from expensive private schools and boarding schools that have relied on single-sex learning for generat
42、ions. But opponents say there is little evidence that such separation works, that it can be discriminatory (歧视) and that it doesnt properly prepare students for a world that is mixed. Some experts say single-sex classes can break down sex stereotypes (定式), create opportunities for students and impro
43、ve test scores. Kathy Couture, an education professor at Stetson University in Florida and a board member of the National Association for Single Sex Public Education, said students tend to be more focused on their curriculum and less concerned about impressing or getting attention from the opposite
44、sex. She said girls tend to “dumb themselves down for boys” when they are together in math and science classes. But a report published last week by the Psychological Bulletin which reviewed 184 studies to compare the outcomes of learning in single-sex and mixed classrooms raised questions about whet
45、her there are any real advantages to single-sex classrooms. Janet Hyde, one of the reports co-authors, said there was no evidence to support the argument that boys do better orally or that girls improve in math and science when in single-sex settings. What is more important is that separating studen
46、ts might not adequately prepare them for college and careers. “One of the major purposes of school is to prepare students for the adult world, and that world is mixed,” Janet Hyde said. “I think we do harm to students by not preparing them for the adult world.”51. What purpose does the first paragra
47、ph serve?A. To show how boys and girls are taught separately. B. To show how the students behave in class.C. To show how the two lessons are different.D. To show how the class activities are organized.52. Why does James Gholson Middle School teach students separately? A. Because single-sex classes a
48、re popular in America. B. Because students may be more concentrated in single-sex classes. C. Because girls tend to look down upon boys in mixed classes. D. Because it is a private and expensive school.53. According to Kathy Couture, what is the disadvantage of a mixed class? A. Students are not int
49、erested in their curriculums. B. Students may be disturbed by the opposite sex in their study. C. Girls are often absent from math and science classes. D. Students have fewer chances to have tests.54. What is the point of Janet Hydes statement on single-sex classes? A. Single-sex classes do not improve boys speaking ability. B. Single-sex classes lead to worse academic performance. C. Single-sex classes harm the students in their future study and work. D. Single-sex classes do not help students physical development.