1、 名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句四种。一 连接词的选择连接词的选择是考查的重点。名词性从句连接词的选择可从连接词在从句中的作用（即成分）和意义两个方面入手：一是连接词在从句中作不作成分，如果作成分，是什么成分；二是连接词在从句中有无意义，如有意义，是何意义。具体见下表：连 接 词作 用（成分）意 义that if/whether 是否what(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)/Whom(ever)/whose/how many/how much 主语、宾语、表语、定语 （无论）什么/哪一个/谁、谁的、多少when(ever)/where(ver)/
2、how(ever)/why/because 状语、表语 （无论）何时/何地/怎样、为什么，因为1. that引导名词性从句that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不作成分，也没有任何意义。1. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust. （2016北京）A. what B. that C. whether D. why答案：B。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分，也没有意义，故用that。句意：雨季最惬意的事情就是人们可以远离尘土。2It is bel
3、ieved _ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning(2016江苏)Awhy Bhow Cwhen Dthat答案：D。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，也没有意义，故用that。句意：人们认为，小孩子从小就要学会承担责任。3. I truly believe _ beauty comes from within. （2015北京）A. thatB. whereC. whatD. why 答案：A。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，也没有意义，故用tha
4、t。句意：我确实认为美来自内在。4. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. (2013浙江)A how B that C which D whether 答案：B。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导同位语从句，在从句中不作成分，也没有意义，故用that。2. if/whether引导名词性从句if/whether引导名词性从句时，在从句中不做成分，但表示“是否”之意。1. It remai
5、ns to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice. (2013陕西)A. that B. which C. what D. whether答案：D。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分，但表示“是否”，故用whether。句意：新成立的委员会的政策能否付诸实施还有待观察。2. Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it. (2011山东)A. whereB. whatC. whetherD. whi
6、ch答案：D。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，但表示“是否”，故用whether。句意：我们已经给予她这项工作，不过不知道她是否接受。注意：if与whether引导名词性从句的区别：1. 主语从句置于句首时，用whether引导，不用if。例如： _ the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained controversial; people are still looking for other possible solutions. (2012湖北)A. If B. Which C. Th
7、at D. Whether答案：D。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分，但表示“是否”，故用whether。句意：这里的大楼是否要推倒仍然有争议，人们仍然在寻找其它可能的解决方法。2. if不能引导表语从句和同位语从句。3. 引导宾语从句时，if与whether通常可以互换，但在下列情况只用whether，不用if：1）从句作介词宾语时；2）与or not连用时。 例如：It doesnt matter _you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park. (2012天津)A.whethe
8、r B. how C. if D. when答案：A。解析：连接词引导主语从句后置，在从句中不作成分，但表示“是否”之意，故用whether。if也可以引导名词性从句，表示“是否”，但不能与or或or not连用。3.what(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)等引导名词性从句What(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)等引导名词性从句时，在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语，并分别表示“（无论）什么/哪一个/谁”等意思。1. This is _ my father has taught meto always face difficulties and
9、hope for the best.（2018北京）A. howB. whichC. thatD. what答案：D。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导表语从句，并在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，故用what。2. The gold medal will be awarded to _ wins the first place in the bicycler.（2018天津）A. whomever B. wherever C. whoeverD. whatever 答案：C。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语，并在从句中作主语，表示“无论谁”，故用whoever。3.Eve
10、ry year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a price in the Kite Festival.（2017北京）A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever答案：B。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示“无论谁”，故用whoever。4. Your support is important to our work. you can do helps. （2016北京）B. A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Where
11、ver 答案：C。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示“无论什么”，故用whatever。5. Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. (2014)A. whateverB. whenever C. wherever D. however答案：C。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示“无论什么”，故用whatever。注意：whoever/whatever等与no matter who/w
12、hat等的区别：whoever/whatever等可引导名词性从句，也可引导状语从句，但no matter who/what等只能引导状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。如：Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please? A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who 答案：C。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示“无论谁”，故用whoever。4. when(ever)/where(ver)/how(ever)/why等引导名词性从句when
13、(ever)/where(ver)/how(ever)/why等引导名词性从句时，在从句中作状语（有时也可作表语），表示“（无论）何时/何地/怎样、为什么”等意义。1. Without his support, we wouldnt be _ we are now.（2018北京）A. howB. whenC. whereD. why答案：C。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语，表示“所处境况”，故用where。2. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _ we arrived. （2018江苏）A. where
14、B. whenC. whyD. how答案：D。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导表语从句，并在从句中作方式状语，表示“怎样”，故用how。3. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing _ she was heading.（2017北京）why B. where C. how D. when答案：B。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，故用where。4. The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning
15、goal.（2014北京）A. whereB. when C. how D. why答案：B。解析：这是一个复合句。连接词引导表语从句，并在从句中作时间状语，故用when。二名词性从句的语序、语气和时态 名词性从句用陈述句语序；名词性从句叙述什么时候的事就用什么时态；在表示“要求、建议、命令”等词的名词性从句中，名词性从句常用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟，should可以省略；wish, would rather后的宾语从句用一般过去时表示现在或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况。1. I wish I _ at my sisters wedding last Tuesday, bu
16、t I was on a business trip in New York then. (2015天津)A. will be B. would be C. have been D. had been 答案：D。解析：这是一个并列复合句。wish后的宾语从句表示过去的愿望，应用过去完成时。2. We would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer. (2014陕西)Awould stayBhas stayedCstayedDstay答案：C。
17、解析：这是一个并列复合句。would rather后面的宾语从句表示现在的情况，谓语动词用一般过去时。3. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _. (2010上海) A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering答案：B。解析：这是一个复合句。know后接一个宾语从句，故用陈述
18、语序。4. As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him. （2005 北京）A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come答案：A。解析：这是一个复合句。 when引导的是宾语从句，应用陈述语序；宾语从句表示将来的事，应用一般将来时。考点六 名词性从句后置1. Why dont you bring _ to his attention that you are too ill to work on？ (2011江西) A. thatB. itC. h
19、isD. him答案：B。解析：这是一个复合句。 it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面that引导的从句。2. He didnt make _ when and where the meeting would be held. (2007 天津) A. this B. that C. it D. them答案：C。解析：这是一个复合句。 it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的从句when and where the meeting would be held。巩固练习1. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have
20、expressed it differently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether2. There is much truth in the idea _ kindness is usually served by frankness. A. why B. which C. that D. whether3. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. howB. whetherC. whatD. why4. Weve only got this small bookc
21、ase. Will that do? No, _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. A. who B. that C. what D. which5. We promise _attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A. whoB. whomC. whoeverD. whomever6It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office. Awhet
22、herBwhereCwhichDthat7. When the news came the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. because8. It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where9. As many as five courses are pro
23、vided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.A whateverB. whichever C. wheneverD. wherever10. _ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom11. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _ the problem itself is.A. what B. that C. which D.
24、why12. It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life. A. whose B. what C. which D. that 13. Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where14. Id like to start my own business thats _ Id do if
25、I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what15. Our teachers always tells us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which 16. His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. A. thatB. howC. whoD. what17. To
26、improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _ had used the products.A. whoever B. who C. whichever D. which18. Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustnt allow D. couldnt allow19. have you finis
27、hed the book？ No. Ive read up to _ the children discover the secret cave. A. which B. what C. that D. where20. _ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. How 4. 答案：C。解析：这是一个含有主语从句的复合句，连接词在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，故用 what。5. 答案：C。解析： promise后接一个宾语从句，连接词在从句
28、中作主语，表示“无论谁”，故用whoever。6. 答案：C。解析： 主语从句后置，it作形式主语；连接词在从句中不作成分，也无意义，故用that。7. 答案：C。解析： the news后接一个后置的同位语从句，连接词在从句中不做成分，也无意义，故用that。8. 答案：B。解析：由后面的or not可知，应用whether。9. 答案：B。解析： 连接词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，因有选择的范围as many as five courses，故用whichever，意为“无论哪一个”。10. 答案：B。解析：这是一个含有主语从句的复合句。连接词在从句中作宾语，且表示“什么”，故用wha
29、t。11. 答案：A。解析： 这里是主语从句后置，it是形式主语。连接词在从句中作表语，且表示“什么”，故用what。 16. 答案：D。解析： to make out后接一个宾语从句，连接词在从句中作express的宾语，且表示“什么”，故用what。17. 答案：A。解析：句意：为了提高产品质量，我们向用过该产品的人征求意见。Suggestions后面是一个宾语从句，做asked的宾语。连接词在从句中作主语，且表示“任何人”，故用whoever(=anyone who)。18. 答案：A。解析：recommend后面的宾语从句要用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气，should可省略。19. 答案：D。解析：连接词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，故用where。20. 答案：A。解析：连接词引导主语从句，并在从句中作regard的宾语，表示“什么”，故用what。