1、Section Grammar & Writing被动语态阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法1It was going to be tested out by Larrys wife，Claire.2By that time，Tony expected the house to be completely transformed.3What a sweet victory to be envied by those women.英语中有两种语态，一种是主动语态，一种是被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。一、被动语态的基本构
2、成和用法被动语态由“be过去分词”构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。下面以do为例列举各种时态的被动语态的形式。时态被动结构一般现在时am/is/aredone一般过去时was/weredone一般将来时shall/willbedone过去将来时should/wouldbedone现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时was/werebeingdone现在完成时have/hasbeendone过去完成时hadbeendone将来完成时shall/willhavebeendone过去将来完成时should/wouldhavebeendoneEducation must be pa
3、id enough attention to before a country makes great progress in technology.教育必须被足够重视，一个国家的科技才能取得大的进步。Some volunteers will be sent to the remote village to help improve the education there.一些志愿者将被派往那个偏远的村庄来帮助提高那里的教育水平。Everyone is expected to obey the following rules.希望大家遵守以下规定。二、动词不定式的被动形式动词不定式所修饰的名词
4、或代词与其是被动关系时，动词不定式一般使用被动形式。动词不定式一般式的被动形式(to be done)表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后；动词不定式完成式的被动形式(to have been done)则表示该动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。1句法功能作主语Sometimes to be understood is not an easy job.有时被人理解并不是一件容易的事。名师点津(1)动词不定式(短语)作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。It is an honour to be invited to speak here.能被邀请
5、在这儿讲话，真是一件荣幸的事。(2)单个动词不定式(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。To be adopted by a key university is difficult for him.对他来说，被一所重点大学录取是困难的。作表语The task is to be finished by next month.这项工作要在下个月才能完成。作宾语The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。名师点津有些动词，如want，need，require作“需要”讲时，后常接动词不定式的被动形式或动名词
6、形式的主动形式。The house wants to be repaired/repairing.这座房子需要修理了。These flowers need to be watered/watering once a day.这些花需要每天浇一次水。作宾语补足语He wanted the boy to be punished for telling lies.他想让那个男孩因说谎而受到惩罚。作定语He is not a man to be defeated easily.他不是一个很容易被打败的人。作状语She is sent abroad to be trained.她被送出国外培训。2不定式
7、的主动形式表示被动意义的几种常见结构动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.今天下午我有许多事要做。(to do 与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系)对比：Ill go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted?我要去邮局。你有信要寄吗？(post与主语you之间不存在主被动关系，只和前面letter构成动宾关系)在某些“形容词不定式”作表语或宾语补足语的
8、结构中，句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。This problem is difficult to work out.这个问题很难计算出来。在too.to.结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.这本书太贵，我买不起。be to blame常用主动表示被动。Who is to blame fo
9、r starting the fire?谁应为放火受责备？.单句语法填空 【导学号：88172008】1They asked _ (send) to the west of China to work as teachers.2I am glad _ (give) a chance to improve my English.3It is a great honour for him _ (elect) a model worker.4He wanted the letter _ (type) at once.5. It is the first such project _ (design)
10、 by Chinese engineers.【答案】1.to be sent2.to be given3.to be elected4.to be typed5.to be designed.单句改错1He was only interested in the story that was sounded moving._2She was made prepare for the exams next month._3These apples are good to eat with._4He was seen sit there without doing anything._5Unless
11、 some extra money found，the theatre will close._【答案】1.去掉第二个was2.made后加to3去掉with4.sitsitting5.found前加is想象类作文想象类作文的命题方式多是给出简单要点或图表等，要求考生在此基础上进行合理想象。因此，此类文章的写作属于半开放式作文。半开放式作文也是近几年高考书面表达的一个热点。想象类作文对考生的能力要求较高，考查也更加全面。它不仅考查考生的语言表达能力和组织能力，而且还考查考生的想象能力、发散思维能力以及多角度、全方面思考问题的能力。写这类文章要注意以下几点：1要根据题目要求和提示，确定好主题并围
12、绕主题展开合理而全面的想象，切忌根据自己的喜好而随意想象；2要注意人称及时态的正确运用；3要有丰富的表达方式，大胆使用一些较高级词汇及较复杂句式。亮点句式1Have you ever thought about the life with robots in the next 50 years?2We can imagine everything will be done easily and automatically.3It is hard to predict what exactly the future will be like，but to express imaginary id
13、eas in our minds is another thing.4People can live up to 150 years.5Children are glad to jump on the Moon.6We held a discussion about.in the future.7With the development of science and.，our life will be surely.8We could have a great life.9In the future more and more.will appear.10Most people think t
14、hat the life in the future will.11Man will have to find another planet to live on，and.12This is the life that I am looking forward to.写作任务根据下面的说明写一篇作文，词数100左右。30年后的机器人会是什么样的？假如你是一名中学生，叫林涛，发挥你的想象力，构想30年后的机器人，它叫什么名字？它是什么样子的外观？最主要的是它能为你做些什么？你认为你的机器人怎么样？审题谋篇体裁记叙文话题未来机器人时态一般将来时/一般现在时人称第一、三人称遣词造句.词汇1_产品2_
15、包括3_帮助(做)某事4_代替，而不是5_突破6_实现【答案】1.product2.include3.help sb.with sth./assist sb.with sth.4.instead of5.breakthroughe true/realize.句式1I always have a dream to own a robot in 2046.It is called Superman.(用定语从句合并句子)I_always_have_a_dream_to_own_a_robot_in_2046_that/which_is_named_Superman.2It will be a pr
16、oduct of AI(artifical intelligence)and it can do many things for me.It includes cleaning the floor which I hate to do most.(用非谓语动词连接两个句子)It_will_be_a_product_of_AI(artifical_intelligence)and_it_can_do_so_many_things_for_me，including_cleaning_the_floor_which_I_hate_to_do_most.妙笔成篇_【参考范文】My name is Li
17、n Tao.I always have a dream to own a robot in 2046 that/which is named Superman.It will be a product of AI(artifical intelligence)and it can do so many things for me，including cleaning the floor which I hate to do most.It could cook the meals anytime for my family.It could send me to school and fetc
18、h me from school instead of my parents.It can dress me in the morning.Added up to all，it could also be my teachers，teaching me English and math！What an amazing robot it will be！With the breakthrough of technology，I strongly believe that my dream will come true one day.学业分层测评.完成句子 【导学号：88172029】1汤姆要求
19、再给他一次尝试的机会。Tom asked _ to try again.2这种类型的洗衣机好像在我们城市用得很广泛。This type of washing machine seemed _ in our city.3明天举行的会议很重要。The meeting _ is very important.4那个男孩并未意识到他已经被发现藏在树后了。The boy didnt realize that he _ hidden behind the tree.5约翰因为他并未做的事而被惩罚了。John _ what he hadnt done.【答案】1.to be given another op
20、portunity2.to be widely used3.to be held tomorrow4.had been found5.was punished for.阅读理解AWelcome to the Electronic Village to explore new ways of language teaching and learning.Electronic Village Program (Thursday, June 18,2015)Nearpod9：00 am to 10：00 amRoom 501Nearpod is a software program that cre
21、ates a rich context(语境) for students to learn vocabulary.The presenter will show how to use it.TEO2：00 pm to 3：00 pmRoom 502Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire to learn online.The presenter will use examples from his first online class to explain how any teacher can
22、 begin teaching online with TEO.Kahoot10：30 am to 11：00 amRoom 601Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a network.It can provide students with instant feedback(反馈), including reports about their strengths and weaknesses.Prezi 3：00 pm to 4：20 pm Room 602Uses of Pr
23、ezi in listening and speaking courses draw students attention to speaking more fluently.The presenter will show how students can use Prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics, including introducing family, friends, and hobbies.【语篇解读】本文介绍了四种电子教学产品。1Nearpod can be used to _.Aoffer grammar te
24、stsBteach listening onlineChelp vocabulary learningDgain fluency in speaking【解析】细节理解题。根据对Nearpod的介绍中的creates a rich context for students to learn vocabulary可知，该软件主要是帮学生学习词汇，尤其是帮助学生掌握根据语境进行理解的技巧。所以选C项。【答案】C2If you want to improve your speaking skills, you can go to _.ARoom 501BRoom 502CRoom 601DRoom
25、602【解析】细节理解题。根据第四个表格中对于Prezi的介绍Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students attention to speaking more fluently.可知，如果想要提高自己的语言表达能力可以到602室。【答案】D3Which of the following can assess your grammar learning?ANearpod.BKahoot.CTEO.DPrezi.【解析】细节理解题。根据对Kahoot软件介绍中的Kahoot software can be used t
26、o create grammar tests which can be graded on a network.可知，该软件用来评估学生的语法学习，从而得出答案选B。【答案】B4A teacher who wants to learn online teaching is expected to arrive by _.A9：00 amB10：30 amC2：00 pmD3：30 pm【解析】细节理解题。题中问的是老师对在线教育感兴趣，根据文章对于TEO部分的介绍可知，这个老师需要2：00 pm3：00 pm之间去，从而得出答案选C。【答案】CBFive years ago，when I ta
27、ught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said：“Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes todayand 45 minutes each day for the rest of th
28、e week.”A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.Another group built something out of their own imaginations.Once I had a boy who worked experimenta
29、lly with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was delighted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class
30、whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside.I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare, “But Im just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when youre asleep？”“Oh, sure.”“So tell me
31、one of your most interesting dreams.”The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“Thats pretty creative.Who does that for you？”“Nobody.I do it.”“Reallyat night，when youre asleep？”“Sure.”“Try doing it in the daytime，in class，okay？”
32、【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名教师，作者用一种玩具培养孩子们的创造性和动手能力，其中一个孩子的创造性引起了作者的注意。5The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to _.Aknow more about the studentsBmake the lessons more excitingCraise the students interest in artDteach the students about toy design【解析】细节理解题。从题干的in order to判断，本题询问作者在课堂使用这种玩具的目的，第一段提到as
33、 a test.to find out something about my students，由此可知作者的目的是更多地了解自己的学生，因此选A项。B项“让课程更激动人心”，C项“提高学生们对艺术的兴趣”，D项“教学生玩具设计”，均不是作者的目的。【答案】A6What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?AHe liked to help his teacher.BHe preferred to study alone.CHe was active in class.DHe was imaginative.【解析】推理判断题。第
34、三段作者描述这个学生，说他特别有创造性(was an exceptionally creative mind at work)，因此选D项。imaginative有想象力的。作者在该段说他的创造力能够感染班上其他学生，这让作者意外地有了一个教学帮手，没有说他喜欢帮助老师(A项错)，文章没有提到他更喜欢独自一个人学习(B项错)，也没有提到他在课堂上非常活跃(C项错)。【答案】D7What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AMistake.BDrawback.CDifficulty.DBurden.【
35、解析】词义猜测题。前文提到作者很喜爱这个学生，说这个学生的创造性能够感染其他学生，下文说“冒着失去那些有不同的思考风格的学生的风险”，根据语境前后的对比判断，downside的含义应该是drawback“不利条件，缺点”，而不是mistake“错误”，difficulty“困难”，burden“负担”。【答案】B8Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?ATo help them to see their creativity.BTo find out about their sleeping habits
36、.CTo help them to improve their memory.DTo find out about their ways of thinking.【解析】推理判断题。根据题干信息可知本题考查的是文章后半部分对话的信息。作者鼓励学生讲述他们最有趣的梦，然后鼓励学生说，“白天在课堂上也试一试做梦，好吗？”由此推断，作者让学生讲述他们的梦，是为了帮助学生看到自己的创造性，因此选A项。B项“为了弄清楚他们的睡眠习惯”，C项“为了帮助他们提高记忆力”，D项“为了弄清楚他们的思维方式”，均不是作者的目的。【答案】A.语法填空The way we cook is important.In m
37、any countries, the two choices are 1._ (nature) gas or electricpowered stoves.The World Health Organization warns that millions of people 2._(suffer) from indoor air pollution at present time, which results from the use of 3._(danger) fuels and cookstoves in the home.WHO officials say nearly three b
38、illion people are 4._(able) to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking，heating and lighting.As a result, more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year.Most of the deaths are in 5._ (develop) countries, such as India, China and Latin American count
39、ries.WHO officials say opening a window or door 6._(let)out the harmful air will not correct the situation.7._ will only pollute the outdoors.Nigel Bruce，8._ is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool, says researchers are developing good cookstoves and other equipment to burn fu
40、els 9._ a more efficient way.But, this is just a start.It is urging developing countries to use 10._(clean) fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances.【答案】1.natural形容词修饰后面的名词gas。2are suffering从句中缺少谓语动词，再由句中at present time可知此处用现在进行时。3dangerous形容词修饰后面的名词fuels。
41、4unable由句意知此处用unable。5developing形容词修饰后面名词countries。6to let不定式作目的状语。 7It/That句子缺少主语，且用于指代上文中the harmful air。8whowho引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Nigel Bruce，且在从句中作主语。9inin a more efficient way “用更有效的方式”。10cleaner由下文中cleaner and more modern可知此处用比较级。.短文改错This summer, I traveled with my parents, but our holiday wasnt ve
42、ry nice.We visited five city in South China, but stayed in each of it for only one or two days.We visited many places in historic interest, always in hurry.We were on the going almost every day.When we came back home, and we were tired.I realized that it was not a good idea to visiting so many place
43、s.Therefore, when the next holiday came, I will do it in a slightly differently way.I will visit one city at a time and enjoy myself to the mostly.【答案】This summer, I traveled with my parents, but our holiday wasnt very nice.We visited five in South China, but stayed in each of for only one or two da
44、ys.We visited many places historic interest, always in hurry.We were on the almost every day.When we came back home，and we were tired.I realized that it was not a good idea to so many places.Therefore, when the next holiday ， I will do it in a slightly way.I will visit one city at a time and enjoy myself to the .