1、Please match the words with their proper meanings.1chemist Ahaving a helpful or useful effect2revolution Bto have or own something3beneficial Ca person whose job is to prepare and sell medicines4possess Dnecessary in order for sth. to succeed5vital Esurprise sb. greatly6astonish Fa great change that
2、 affects a large number of people7accelerate Gagreement to a plan or request8approval Hhappen or make something happen faster答案：15CFABD68EHG.As a saying goes, health is better than wealth. We can keep fit by eating different kinds of fruits and nutritious foods. Also we can do many kinds of sports t
3、o keep us strong. But what if we get sick? For example, we have a high temperature, have a headache, have caught a bad cold the most common illness among us. We can turn to medicine for help. Today well talk about two medicines aspirin and penicillin, which have had important effects on our life, ev
4、en saved millions of people. In addition to medicines, we have other ways to treat peoples illnesses. Look at the following pictures and then match them with their names. aTelemedicinebMassagecTransfusion dOperation答案：bcda.Fastreading1First look at the title and the headline of each section, and the
5、n answer the following question.The passage is mainly about two_important_medicines_aspirin_and_penicillin2Put the following events in the right order.AAspirin became the bestselling medicine in the world for pain relief.BPenicillin was discovered by a Scottish scientist named Alexander Fleming.CAsp
6、irin was invented in 1897.DA Chinese doctor found aspirin could reduce blood sugar levels.EThree scientists Fleming, Florey and Chain, shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine.答案：CABDE.Carefulreading()Read the text and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)1Aspirin was invented
7、by the Greek physician Hippocrates in 1897.(F)2Aspirin has proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain.(T)3Penicillin can reduce blood sugar levels and, therefore, help people with diabetes.(F)4Fleming thought the mould might be used to treat illnesses caused by bacteria.(T)5Due to the wid
8、espread use of penicillin, many lives were saved during World War .(F)()Fill in each blank with no more than three words.Two lifesaving medicinesNames of medicinesAspirinPenicillinDevelopment In 1897, aspirin was invented by(1)a_European_chemistIn 1900, aspirin was sold in shops in the form of (2)ta
9、bletsIn 1971, it was proved that aspirin could reduce the risk of (3)heart_attacksIn 1977, a study，carried out in America showed aspirin could(4)prevent_strokesIn 2003, a Chinese doctor found that aspirin could reduce(5)blood sugar levelsIn 1928, penicillin (6)was_discovered by Fleming.In 1940, two
10、other scientists managed to make and test the new drug (7)in_large_quantities.In 1944, (8) mass production of penicillin began.In 1945, the three scientists (9)shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their work.ConclusionBoth of these medicines have saved millions of peoples lives and have proved (10
11、)beneficial_to_mankind since they were invented.StudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1It was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this chemical.句式分析尝试翻译1897年一个叫费利克斯霍夫曼的欧洲药剂师用这种化学物质制成了阿司匹林。2Not only has aspirin proved vital for re
12、ducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.句式分析本句中not only .but also .连接两个并列分句。因not only放在句首，故其所在的分句使用了倒装结构。that aspirin can help with是定语从句，修饰other things。尝试翻译阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。3It astonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the moul
13、d dead, which meant that the mould had killed them.句式分析尝试翻译令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。.PostreadingFill in the blanks according to the text.If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.Aspirin was_inv
14、ented (invent) in 1897. The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899. In 1900 aspirin was sold in shops in the form of tablets. Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with. In 1977 a study carried out
15、in the USA showed that aspirin could prevent strokes.Another drug that has helped increase the standard of peoples health is penicillin. It was discovered by a Scottish scientist named Fleming in 1928. In 1940, two other scientists managed to_make (make) and test the new drug in large quantities. Du
16、e to the widespread use of penicillin, many lives were saved during World War . Penicillin became the greatest drug of the 20th century, saving (save) millions of lives.课 文 对 译Two lifesaving medicinesThis article will focus on two drugs that started revolutions in medicine. If you open up any medici
17、ne cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin. Both of these medicines have saved millions of peoples lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.AspirinAspirin was invented in 1897. However, the basic chemical
18、 used to make aspirin can be found in nature. Nearly 3，500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever. About 2，500 years ago, the Greek physician Hippocrates, father of all doctors, made a juice from a tree
19、bark containing salicylic acid for the same effect. It was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this chemical. The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899, when the company Hoffmann worked for began distributing the medicine in powder form to physic
20、ians to use with patients. A year later, in 1900, aspirin was sold in shops in the form of tablets. Within a short time, aspirin became the bestselling medicine in the world for pain relief.Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things th
21、at aspirin can help with. Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blood circulate better. The report was ignored. However, in 1971, Smith and Willis from the UK proved that aspirin c
22、ould have that effect, and in 1977 a study carried out in the USA showed that aspirin could prevent strokes, as well. Eleven years later, Dr Thun from the USA showed that aspirin could reduce the risk of some cancers by 40 per cent. In 1999, aspirin was over 100 years old, and yet there have been mo
23、re discoveries about how it can help increase the length of peoples lives. In 2003, a Chinese doctor, Dr Yuan Minsheng, found that aspirin could reduce blood sugar levels and, therefore, help people with diabetes.PenicillinAnother drug that has helped increase the standard of peoples health is penic
24、illin, which is considered by many to be one of the most important medicines in contemporary society. It was discovered by a Scottish scientist named Alexander Fleming in 1928. He noted that a dish in which he was trying to grow bacteria for an experiment looked abnormal there was blue mould in it.
25、It astonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead, which meant that the mould had killed them. Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too. He immediately realized that the mould might have an application in treating illnesses caused by
26、 bacteria. He named the liquid made from the mould penicillin. However, the development of penicillin as a drug faced two problems. First, he was unable to find a procedure to make penicillin pure enough to work as a medicine. Second, it was difficult to produce penicillin in the ample quantities ne
27、eded to be effective. In 1940, two other scientists, Howard Florey (Australian) and Ernst Chain (Germanborn English), helped solve these problems, and managed to make and test the new drug in large quantities. Since the new drug was needed for World War ， the government approval process for penicill
28、in was accelerated, and mass production began in 1944. Due to the widespread use of penicillin, many lives were saved during the war. If penicillin had not been available, many people would have died from sickness or even small wounds. Penicillin became the greatest drug of the 20th century, saving
29、millions of lives.In 1945, the three scientists, Fleming, Florey and Chain, shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their work.两种挽救生命的药物这篇文章将着重讲述两种开始给医学界带来巨大变革的药物。只要打开世界上任何一个药柜或者到任何一个卖药的柜台，你可能就会发现阿司匹林和青霉素。自这两种药物被发明以来，它们已经挽救了数百万人的生命，而且造福于全人类。阿司匹林阿司匹林发明于1897年。但是，用于制造阿司匹林的基本化学物质可以在自然界中找到。将近3 500年前，人们咀嚼一
30、种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶，以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。大约2 500年前，医生之父古希腊医师希波克拉底就用一种含有水杨酸的树皮制成的汤药来退烧和减轻疼痛。1897年，一位名叫费利克斯霍夫曼的欧洲药剂师从这种化学物质中提取了阿司匹林。对此药进行的首批试验发生在1899年，当时霍夫曼供职的公司开始将这种药以粉末形式分发给医师，在病人身上使用。一年以后，在1900年阿司匹林被制成片剂在药店出售，短时间内，阿司匹林成为世界上最畅销的止痛药。阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。美国医生劳伦斯克雷文在1953年提出一个观点，即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险
31、，因为它能改善血液循环。该报告并没有引起人们的注意。然而，1971年英国的史密斯和威利斯证明了阿司匹林可能有这样的作用。1977年，在美国进行的一项研究还表明，阿司匹林也能够防止中风。11年后，美国医生图恩指出，阿司匹林可以降低有些癌症40%的发病率。到1999年，阿司匹林已有一百多年的历史，然而关于它如何帮助延长人类寿命方面还有更多的发现。2003年，中国医生袁敏生发现，阿司匹林可以降低血糖，因而能帮助糖尿病患者。青霉素另外一种帮助人类提高健康水平的药物是青霉素。许多人认为它是当代社会中最重要的药物之一。它是由苏格兰科学家亚历山大弗莱明于1928年发现的。他注意到他用于培养试验细菌的盘子看起
32、来有些不正常里面有蓝色的霉。令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验，发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。他立刻意识到把它应用到由细菌引起的疾病的治疗。他将霉里提取的这种液体叫做“青霉素”。但是要把青霉素作为一种药物来开发面临两个问题。首先，他无法找到将其提纯使之成为一种药物的方法。其次，很难生产出数量上足以达到一定疗效的青霉素。1940年，另外两位科学家澳大利亚人霍华德弗洛里和德裔英国人恩斯特钱恩帮助解决了这些问题，并且设法大量研制、试验这种新药。由于第二次世界大战急需这种新药，政府批准青霉素的手续加快，并于1944年开始批量生产。正因为青霉素的广泛应用，战争期间很多生命得以挽救。如果没有青霉素，很多人会死于疾病，甚至很小的伤口。青霉素成了20世纪最了不起的药品，挽救了数百万人的生命。由于他们的贡献，1945年弗莱明、弗洛里和钱恩这三位科学家共同获得了诺贝尔医学奖。
