1、第一部分必修第三册UNIT 4阅读理解A(原创)The following properties which the World Heritage Committee has decided to include on the List of World Heritage are in danger according to Article 11 (4) of the Convention(公约)Virunga National Park(Democratic Republic of the Congo)Virunga National Park, covering an area of 79
2、0,000 hm2, includes an outstanding diversity of habitats, ranging from swamps and steppes(沼泽和平原) to the snowfields. Mountain gorillas are also found in the park. Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley(Afghanistan)The cultural landscape and archaeological remains of the B
3、amiyan Valley stands for the artistic and religious developments which from the 1st to the 13th centuries characterized ancient Bakhtria. The area contains a number of Buddhist monastic ensembles(佛教寺院), as well as strong buildings from the Islamic period. Okapi Wildlife Reserve(Democratic Republic o
4、f the Congo)The Okapi Wildlife Reserve occupies about onefifth of the Ituri Forest in the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The reserve contains threatened species of primates and birds surviving in the wild. It also has some amazing scenery, including waterfalls on the Ituri and Ep
5、ulu rivers. The reserve is inhabited by traditional nomadic pygmy Mbuti and Efe hunters. Historic Centre of Vienna(Austria)Vienna developed from early Celtic and Roman settlements into a Medieval and Baroque city, the capital of the AustroHungarian Empire. It played an important role as a leading Eu
6、ropean music centre, from the great age of Viennese Classicism through the early part of the 20th century. 1Which of the following world heritage sites is located in Afghanistan?AVirunga National Park. BHistoric Centre of Vienna. COkapi Wildlife Reserve. DCultural Landscape and Archaeological Remain
7、s of the Bamiyan Valley. 2Whats the characteristic of the Okapi Wildlife Reserve?AIts closely related to Buddhism. BIt has some fascinating natural scenery. CIt has an outstanding diversity of habitats. DIt plays an important role as a leading music center. 3What do the four world heritage sites hav
8、e in common?AThey are all in danger. BThey are open to the public. CThey are inhabited by local people. DThey are to be removed from the world heritage list. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了即将列为世界文化遗址目录的四个人类文化瑰宝的地点。1D细节理解题。根据文章第二个小标题“Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley(Afghanista
9、n)”可知，巴米扬谷文化景观和考古遗址位于阿富汗。故选D项。2B细节理解题。根据文章第三个小标题“Okapi Wildlife Reserve(Democratic Republic of the Congo)”中的“It also has some amazing scenery, including waterfalls on the Ituri and Epulu rivers. ”可知，位于刚果民主共和国的奥卡皮野生动物保护区中有一些叹为观止的自然风景，包括伊图里河和埃普鲁河上的瀑布。故选B项。3A细节理解题。根据文章首段“The following properties which
10、the World Heritage Committee has decided to include on the List of World Heritage are in danger according to Article 11 (4) of the Convention(公约)”可知，本文所讲到的四处世界文化遗产，根据世界遗产公约第十一条第(4)点，已经被包括在处于危险中/濒危的世界遗产目录中。故选A项。B(江苏省苏州中学2021届高考英语模拟)While the Mars and the moon are currently the hottest destinations fo
11、r outer space exploration, Mercury(水星) might be another exciting choice. The inner planet Mercury is extremely difficult to see with the naked eyes. It is “the innermost and smallest terrestrial planet in solar system，” noted the BBC. The EuropeanJapanese BepiColombo spacecraft was successfully laun
12、ched on Oct. 20, marking the start of its sevenyear trip to Mercury, The Guardian reported. The European Space Agency(ESA) has described the journey as one of the most complex interplanetary missions ever undertaken. Mercury is located just 58 million kilometers away from the sun. It follows a tight
13、 path to make one revolution(公转) around the sun, completing a full orbit every 88 days. Therefore, in order to get into Mercurys orbit, BepiColombo has to stand the extremely strong gravity of the sun. In order to solve the problem, BepiColombo will use special flybys(近天体探测飞行) to get into Mercurys o
14、rbit. According to ESA, Mercurys temperature ranges from 450 on the sunward side to minus 180 on the dark side. In order to study the planet, the spacecraft “is going from one to the other over a few tens of minutes our instruments have to operate around room temperature，” according to Suzanne Imber
15、 of the University of Leicester, UK. BepiColombo has been coated with temperatureresistant layers to keep it safe. If everything goes as planned, BepiColombo will travel through solar system at 60 kilometers per second and reach Mercury in late December 2025It will then split into two probes that wi
16、ll travel in different directions. “What this lets you do is look at the space environment around Mercury from two different directions at exactly the same time，” US planetary scientist Nancy Chabot told National Public Radio. 4According to the text, Mercury is _. Aeasily accessibleBwell visibleCrar
17、ely exploredDextremely cold5Whats the use of the special flybys?ATo change the orbit. BTo escape the pull of the sun. CTo accelerate the spacecraft. DTo resist the high temperature. 6What can we infer from Nancys words?AExtreme temperatures will be a challenge. BWe can use gravitational forces to ch
18、ange direction. CWe may get clearer pictures of Mercurys revolution. DBepiColombo is likely to land on Mercury in the near future. 7What is the text mainly about?AThe journey to Mercury. BThe mystery of Mercury. CThe environment around Mercury. DThe life on Mercury. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了欧洲和日本联合开启的水星之
19、旅的相关信息。4C推理判断题。根据文章第一段“While the Mars and the moon are currently the hottest destinations for outer space exploration, Mercury(水星) might be another exciting choice. The inner planet Mercury is extremely difficult to see with the naked eyes. ”和文章第三段“The European Space Agency (ESA) has described the j
20、ourney as one of the most complex interplanetary missions ever undertaken. ”以及第四段“According to ESA, Mercurys temperature ranges from 450 on the sunward side to minus 180 on the dark side. ”可推断，人类对水星的勘探程度尚浅。故选C项。5B细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Therefore, in order to get into Mercurys orbit, BepiColombo has to stand
21、the extremely strong gravity of the sun. In order to solve the problem, BepiColombo will use special flybys(近天体探测飞行) to get into Mercurys orbit. ”可知，这种特殊的近距离飞行是为了逃避太阳的引力。故选B项。6C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What this lets you do is look at the space environment around Mercury from two different directions at exact
22、ly the same time， US planetary scientist Nancy Chabot told National Public Radio. ”可推断，从Nancy的话中可知，我们可以更清楚地看到水星的旋转，得到更清晰的图片。故选C项。7A主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The EuropeanJapanese BepiColombo spacecraft was successfully launched on Oct. 20, marking the start of its sevenyear trip to Mercury, The Guardian reported
23、. ”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了欧洲和日本联合开启的水星之旅。故选A项。C(深圳市高三下第二次调研考试)If all goes well, a balloon will soon rise from Esrange Space Center in Kiruna, Sweden. It will float high into the upper atmosphere and then return to Earth. However, environmentalists have arrived to stop this from happening. The campaigners a
24、re against the balloon because of what occurs in flight. The balloon will shoot dust into the Earths upper atmosphere, causing more sunlight to reflect back into space. The dust, known as stratospheric aerosol injection(SAI，大气汽溶胶注射), is part of a solar geoengineering(地球工程) program named SCoPex which
25、 is being conducted by Harvard University. The aim of the program is to purposely change the Earths atmosphere to fight climate change. Those who oppose worry about two things. Firstly, the moral riskif solar geoengineering works, talks on reducing greenhouse gases will be challenged. The second con
26、cern is the amount of SAI in the atmosphere. To keep temperatures low, the need of the reflective dust to be released high above Earth will be endless, and a sudden stop could result in rapid warming. Raymond Pierrehumbert, a physicist at Oxford University, says solar geoengineering is even too risk
27、y to research beyond computer models. Not all environmentalists are opposed to it. Since the world is unlikely to achieve the 15 global warming target set in the Paris Agreement, some green organisations favour smallsized geoengineering research. Regardless of the criticism, the research continues.
28、Geoengineering is increasingly gaining international attention. A recent report about climate change suggested that SAI could help keep warming below 15. The National Academy of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine in the USA has developed a research plan for solar geoengineering and received governme
29、ntal funding totaling $9 million. Both China and India have also launched research programmes of their own. Activists may oppose the experiments, but balloons will likely fly anyway. 8What is the function of SAI?ATo attract dust. BTo throw sunlight back. CTo absorb heat. DTo fight against pollution.
30、 9Why does Raymond Pierrehumbert say geoengineering is risky?AIt may change computer models. BIt may produce too much dust. CIt may release greenhouse gases. DIt may worsen global warming. 10How do some people expect geoengineering research to be done?ATo a limited degree. BAt a lower temperature. C
31、By green organisations. DWithout international attention. 11Which of the following can be inferred?AVoices of environmentalists are ignored. BMore support is going to geoengineering. CGlobal warming is getting worse in Sweden. DGeoengineering has proved effective in India. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了用热气球升入
32、高空大气层地球工程(即SCoPex)遭到了诸多科学家的反对，但这项工程最终依然会按计划进行。8B细节理解题。根据第二段中“The balloon will shoot dust into the Earths upper atmosphere, causing more sunlight to reflect back into space(气球会将灰尘喷射到地球的高层大气中，使更多的阳光反射回太空). ”以及“The dust, known as stratospheric aerosol injection(SAI), is part of a solar geoengineering(地
33、球工程) program named SCoPex which is being conducted by Harvard University(这项被称为SAI的灰尘技术，是由哈佛大学实施的名为SCoPex的地球工程计划的一部分)”可知，SAI的作用是将阳光反射回太空。故选B项。9D细节理解题。根据第三段中“To keep temperatures low, the need of the reflective dust to be released high above Earth will be endless, and a sudden stop could result in rap
34、id warming. ”可知，Raymond Pierrehumbert说地球工程是有风险的，原因是这项工程会加速全球变暖，让情况更糟糕。故选D项。10A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Since the world is unlikely to achieve the 15 global warming target set in the Paris Agreement, some green organisations favour smallsized geoengineering research. ”可知，有些人期望在有限的程度范围内进行地球工程研究。故选A项。11B推理判断题。根据
35、最后一段表述可知，最近有关气候变化的报告表明，SAI可以帮助将全球变暖的温度变化保持在15以内。美国国家科学，工程和医学研究院已经制定了一项太阳能地球工程研究计划，并获得了总计900万美元的政府资助，故地球工程得到了越来越多的支持。故选B项。七选五阅读(2021重庆市万州二中高考英语一模)When planning for a new job, many people will go through a job interview. _1_ Fear of the unknown, fear of public rejection and fear of personal criticism
36、all come together in one meeting. So how should you prepare for a job interview? Its often a combination of careful research, psychology and an ability to think on your feet. One way is to do a great deal of research, like finding the requirements of the job, the companys product lines, the industry
37、s standard salary for the position, the interviewer, etc. When doing research, dont forget to learn about whether you have unique qualifications for the position. _2_ Thus, prepare your unique aspects which will make you stand out among interviewees ahead of time. _3_ Do you express your ideas clear
38、ly? Do you actively listen to others? How you perform in the interview will leave a deep impression on the interviewers. Some job seekers prepare for a job interview by conducting their own mock(模拟的)interviews. A trusted friend or even a professional job coach can act as an interviewer, asking many
39、of the same questions a real interviewer might ask. In view of your performance, these people may be able to point out your trouble spots. _4_Therere also numerous resources job seekers can use to prepare for a job interview. _5_ Many cities also have programs helping firsttime workers find jobs. Th
40、ey may offer classes on how to prepare for a job interview or provide job coaches who can conduct mock interviews. AYou should consider how to be qualified. BSelfhelp books may be available at public libraries. CAnother way is to work on your outward appearance. DIt can be one of the most stressful
41、events in a persons life. EThen, you can improve yourself by overcoming your weaknesses. FObserving how you communicate with others is equally important. GAn interviewers job is to recommend the best qualified applicants. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，为准备面试的人介绍了几种方法。1D空前一句提到“当计划找一份新工作时，很多人都会经历面试”，此空设于段中，与上文存在指代关系，
42、结合空后“对未知的害怕，对被公开拒绝的恐惧和对个人批评的恐惧都在一次面试中一起到来”。由此可知，面试是让人害怕，有压力的事情，所以D项“在一个人的生活中，它可能是最有压力的事情之一”切题，该项中的it指代上文的“job interview”。故选D项。2G空前提到做研究时，不要忘记了解你是否具备与某个职位相关的特殊资质，根据空后“所以，准备你特殊的方面，这会让你在众多面试者中提前脱颖而出”，所以此空与上下文存在因果关系。G项“面试官的工作就是推荐最适合的申请者”解释了为什么要了解自己是否具备与某个职位相关的特殊资质，符合上下文逻辑关系。故选G项。3F此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。根据本段后面内
43、容“express your ideas clearly”及“actively listen to others”可知，本段是讲述沟通的重要性。F项“观察你与别人沟通的方式也同样重要”切题。故选F项。4E此空设于段尾，与上文存在顺承关系。空前一句提到，模拟面试中，他人可能会指出你的缺陷，然后，你就能克服自己的缺点，提升自己。E项中 “your weaknesses”与空前“your trouble spots”呼应。故选E项。5B根据本段首句“有大量可以供找工作的人使用的资源来帮助他们准备面试”可知，接下来应该具体讲述帮助人们准备面试的资源。B项“在公共图书馆或许能找到自学的书”与空后“很多城市也有帮助第一次找工作的人的项目”并列，都是讲具体的帮助面试的资源。故选B项。
