1、Unit 1Great scientists诺贝尔奖获得者The Nobel Prize winnerTu YouyouTu Youyou, the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize in science, has made us all proud. Tu, born in 1930, discovered artemisinin (青蒿素), a drug that has reduced the death rate for patients suffering from malaria (疟疾). “Artemisinin is a gi
2、ft for the world people from the traditional Chinese medicine”. It is of great importance for curing malaria and other infectious diseases and for protecting the health of the world people.Tus winning the prize shows that China has made rapid progress in scientific and technological field and marks
3、a great contribution of traditional Chinese medicine to the cause of human health.Tu was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, China on 30 December, 1930. Tu studied at Beijing Medical University School of Pharmacy, and graduated in 1955. Later Tu was trained for two and a half years in traditional Chi
4、nese medicine. Tu worked at the Academy of Chinese Medicine in Beijing after graduation. She was promoted to a researcher in 1980 only after the Chinese economic reform. In 2011, Tu became the first scientist in China to win Americas Lasker Award (拉斯克奖) for her achievements. Currently she is the Chi
5、ef Scientist in the Academy.开启快乐学习之旅 中国女科学家屠呦呦获得了2015年度诺贝尔医学奖，从而成为首位获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国公民。她不怕吃苦、执着追求的精神值得我们学习，其淡泊名利、默默奉献的品质让我们感动。“十年磨一剑”，科学就需要这样的坚持和韧劲做支撑！Section Warming Up & Reading.重点单词1defeat (vt.)打败；战胜；使受挫 (n.)失败2expert (adj.)熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 (n.)专家；行家3attend (vt.)照顾；护理；出席；参加4expose (vt.)暴露；揭露；使曝光5cure (n.)
6、治愈；痊愈 (vt.)治愈；治疗6suspect (vt.)认为；怀疑 (n.)被怀疑者；嫌疑犯7handle (n.)柄；把手 (vt.)处理；操纵8link (vt.&n.)连接；联系9blame (vt.)责备；谴责；把归咎于 (n.)过失；责备10victim (n.)受害者11characteristic (n.)特征；特性character (n.)(事物的)特性；性质；(人的)品质；性格12absorb (vt.)吸收；吸引；使专心absorbed (adj.)全神贯注的；一心一意的13announce (vt.)宣布；通告announcement (n.)宣告；宣布announ
7、cer (n.)播音员；宣告者14scientific (adj.)科学的science (n.)科学scientist (n.)科学家15pollute (vt.)污染；弄脏pollution (n.)污染16instruct (vt.)命令；指示；教导instruction (n.)命令；指示17conclude (vt.&vi.)结束；推断出conclusion (n.)结论；结束18challenge (n.)挑战 (vt.)向挑战challenging (adj.)具有挑战性的.核心短语1put_forward 提出；推荐2draw_a_conclusion 得出结论3expose.
8、to 使显露；暴露4of_sb.s/sth.s_day 在某人/某物存在的时候5face_a_challenge 面临挑战6mark.on. 在上把标出来 7be to blame 该受责备；应负责 8link.to. 将和联系或连接起来 9look into 调查 10slow down 减速；减缓 .经典句式1Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。2So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbre
9、ak.因此，每次霍乱暴发时就有成千上万惊恐的人死去。3In two particular streets，the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.在两条特定的街上霍乱流行得很严重，以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。4To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested_that the source of all the water supplies be_examined.为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源
10、都要经过检测。单词攻略 1.联想记单词虽然他是嫌疑犯(suspect)，但我们也要尊重(respect)他。不要责备(blame)这个瘸腿(lame)的人。不要跳(jump)到水泵(pump)上。2归类记单词：ly结尾的形容词deadly致命的；friendly友好的；lovely可爱的；lively活泼的；lonely孤独的；daily每日的；weekly每星期的；yearly每年的3名词动用defeat n. 失败vt. 击败challenge n. 挑战vt. 向挑战suspect n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯vt. 认为；怀疑cure n. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗4名词后缀：tion，
11、sion，mentpollute vt. 污染；弄脏pollution n. 污染instruct vt. 命令；指示；教导instruction n. 命令；指示conclude vt. & vi. 结束；推断出conclusion n. 结论；结束announce vt. 宣布；通告announcement n. 宣告；宣布课文预读JOHN SNOW DEFEATS“KING CHOLERA”John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert， indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her per
12、sonal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the c
13、hallenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it f
14、ound its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.John Snow约翰斯诺(18131858)，英国医生defeat dIfit vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫King Cholera1854年爆发于英国的一次严重霍乱expert ekspt adj. 熟
15、练的 n. 专家；行家attend tend vt. 照顾；护理；参加Queen Victoria维多利亚女王(18191901)physician fIzIn n. 医生；内科医师expose Ikspz.to使显露；暴露过去分词短语exposed to cholera作后置定语，修饰people。deadly dedlI adj. 致命的of its day当时；那时。在句中作后置定语。cure kj n. 治愈；痊愈 vt. 治愈；治疗every time每次，用作连词，连接时间状语从句。outbreak atbreIk n. 爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争)challenge tlInd
16、n. 挑战that在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词theories。multiply v. 繁殖；成倍增加；乘a cloud of一团victim vIktIm n. 受害者absorb bzb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心absorb.into.将吸入过去分词affected在句中作定语，意为“受疾病侵袭的”。约翰斯诺战胜“霍乱王”第12段译文约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。霍乱是当时最致命的疾病。人们既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。因此，每次霍乱暴发时就有成千上万惊恐的人死去。
17、约翰斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道在找到病源之前，疫情是无法控制的。 对于霍乱是如何致人死亡的，当时有两种相对合理的看法，斯诺对这两种看法比较感兴趣。第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖，它像一股危险的气体到处飘浮，直到找到宿主为止。第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒带入体内的。疾病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，感染者很快就会死亡。 suspect sspekt vt. 认为；怀疑 sspekt n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯hit vt. (厄运、灾难等)突然袭击；侵袭enquiry InkwaIrI n. 询问as在句中引导时间状语，意为“当时候”。neighbourhood neIbhd n
18、. 附近；邻近severe sIvI adj. 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的so.that.“如此以至于”be determined to do下定决心做第3段译文、约翰斯诺推测第二种理论是正确的，但他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱时，约翰斯诺就准备开始他的调查。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，他就开始收集资料。在两条特定的街上霍乱流行得很严重，以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。他决心要查明原因。mark.on.把标在上where引导定语从句，修饰先行词places。clue klu n. 线索；提示death n. 死；死亡(人数)；死亡案例pump pmp n. 泵；抽水机 vt.
19、(用泵)抽(水)Broad Street牛津城的宽街，历史建筑群最密集的街道之一。Cambridge keImbrId Street剑桥大街foresee fsi vt. (foresaw, foreseen) 预见；预知investigation n. 调查It seemed that.好像blame bleIm vt. 责备；谴责 n. 过失；责备be to blame应受责备；该受责备look into调查；了解pollute plut vt. 污染；弄脏handle hndl n. 柄；把手 vt. 处理；操纵so that引导目的状语从句。slow down减缓；缓解germ dm
20、n. 微生物；细菌第45段译文首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的确切的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱病因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近(特别是16、37、38、40号)。约翰斯诺还发现有些住宅(如宽街上的20号和21号以及剑桥大街上的8号和9号)却无人死亡。他以前没预见到这种情况，所以他进行了更进一步的调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥大街7号的酒馆里工作。酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵里抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。接下来，约翰斯诺调查了这两条街的水源。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被从伦敦排放的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的百姓拆掉水泵的把手，这样，水
21、泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就得到缓解。他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气体传播的。supporting adj. 有力的；(演员、角色)次要的；配角的supporting evidence有力的证据link lIk vt. & n. 连接；联系link.to.将和联系或连接起来who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词woman。had it delivered(让人运送它)中it代指上文的water，have为使役动词，过去分词delivered作宾语补足语。announce nans vt. 宣布；通告with certainty“肯定地”，作状语。prevent.(from) doing阻止做be
22、 examined为虚拟语气结构，其前省略了should。instruct Instrkt vt. 命令；指示；教导instruct sb. to do sth.指导某人做某事第67段译文在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢从那个水泵里抽上来的水，每天都要让人把水运到她家。她和她的女儿喝了这种水后，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个额外的证据，约翰斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。为了防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。供水公司得到指示，再也不能让人们接触被污染的水了。最后，“霍乱王”
23、被击败了。课文理解Task One：Fast Reading.The text mainly tells us about_.AJohn Snow, a famous doctor, who had two theories about how cholera spreadBJohn Snow, a famous doctor, who tested the two theories, found the cause of cholera and how to control itCJohn Snow, as a famous doctor, warned people not to drin
24、k the polluted waterDJohn Snows two famous theories about cholera which were great答案：B.Read the passage to find a topic sentence for each paragraph by filling in the blanks.Para.1 What 1.causes cholera?Para.2 Which theory is 2.correct?Para.3 3.Collect_data on those who fell ill or died and where the
25、y lived.Para.4 Plot information on a map to find out 4.where_people_died_or_didnt.Para.5 Find out where they got their water. Analyse the water to see 5.if_it_was_the_cause_of_the_deaths.Para.6 Find other 6.evidence to support the analysis.Para.7 It was certain that 7.polluted_water carried the dise
26、ase.Task Two：Careful Reading.Judge the following statements true (T) or false (F)1Cholera would never be controlled even if its cause was found.(F)2The disease attacked the body quickly from the stomach and soon the affected person died.(T)3John Snow began to collect the information before the disea
27、se spread.(F)4In two particular streets, over 500 people died in 10 days when another outbreak hit London in 1854.(T)5Deaths of the woman and her daughter were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.(T).Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.1What does the passage mainly ta
28、lk about?AJohn Snow was a famous doctor in London.BThe reason that caused the deadly disease cholera.CJohn Snow solved the problem of cholera.DA deadly disease in historycholera.答案：C2Which of the following theories did John Snow believe in?AA cloud of dangerous gas would float around until it found
29、its victims.BPeople absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.CPeople got infected with cholera because of cold and hunger.DSome people threw medicine to the drinking water.答案：B3Before 1854, when cholera broke out，_.Amany thousands of people diedBpeople with cholera could be curedCJohn Sno
30、w began to know its causeDJohn Snow had begun his enquiry答案：A4How did he find out the cause of the disease?ABy living in the area where cholera broke out.BBy marking a map where all the dead people had lived.CBy telling the terrified people how to prevent it.DBy doing many experiments in his lab.答案：
31、B5What do you think the Londoners would do with the unused pumps after defeating “King Cholera”？AThey would destroy them.BThey would reuse them after cleaning.CThey would desert them for good.DThey would look for a new water source.答案：BTask Three：MicrowritingRead the text carefully and fill in the f
32、ollowing blanks.John Snow was a wellknown doctor in London. Cholera was the 1.deadly (dead) disease of its day. Neither its cause 2.nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. At that time, there were two theories 3.explaining (explain) h
33、ow cholera killed people. John Snow 4.believed (believe) in the second one.As the disease spread quickly through the poor neighbourhoods, he began 5.to_gather (gather) the information. He marked 6.on a map where all the dead people had lived. The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disea
34、se. That was, the water from the Broad Street pump seemed 7.to_blame (blame). Furthermore, he found the water came from the 8.polluted (pollute) river from London. With another two cases, John Snow 9.announced (announce) with certainty that polluted water carried the disease and suggested that the s
35、ource of all the water supplies 10.(should)_be_examined (examine). Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.1 (教材P1) Draw a conclusion.得出结论。(1)in conclusion最后，总之make a conclusion 下结论arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论，告一段落(2)conclude vt. & vi. 结束；推断出conclude.by/with. 以结束conclude.from. 从中推断即学即用
36、(1)Over the years Ive come to a conclusion that shes a very great musician.这些年来，我得出的结论是她是一位非常伟大的音乐家。(2)From what he says I conclude that he has not much interest in it.我从他所说的话来判断，他对此没有多大兴趣。(3)It is reported that the talks between the two countries are expected to conclude on Saturday.据报道，这两国之间的会谈有望在
37、星期六结束。(4)语法填空More research is needed before a definite conclusion (conclude) can be reached.In conclusion, I would like to thank you for all your help.When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it with important points.This contest will last one and a half months, concluding
38、 (conclude) at the middle of December.2 (教材P2) JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”约翰斯诺战胜“霍乱王”即学即用(1)The general suffered several defeats before finally beating the enemy.那位将军遭受数次战败后，终于击败敌军。(2)No difficulty can defeat this brave man since he is so confident and capable.没有困难可以击败这个勇敢的人，因为他很有信心并且很有能力。(3)Al
39、though he was defeated in the boxing match, all the fans knew that he had played to the best of his ability.虽然在这场拳击赛中他被打败了，但是，所有的支持者都知道他已经尽了最大的努力。(4)语法填空The game was over and Italy won the victory, defeating (defeat) Australia.The young player was_defeated (defeat) by his partner in the game, but he
40、 didnt lose heart.The wounded had to be left behind when the defeated (defeat) army left.3 (教材P2) John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人医生。attend a lecture/movie/meeting 听演讲/看电影/参加会议atten
41、d church 做礼拜attend a wedding 参加婚礼attend to 处理，对付；照料；接待(客人)即学即用(1)She is now crazy about classical music and will not miss any chance to attend a concert with her husband.她现在对古典音乐着了迷，不会错过任何一次和她丈夫一同听音乐会的机会。(2)Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she will be teaching a class
42、at that time.简不能参加今天下午3点钟的会议，因为那个时候她会在一个班教课。(3)Im afraid I cant go to your party tonight, for I have something important to attend to.恐怕今晚我不能参加你们的聚会了，因为我有重要的事情要处理。(4)语法填空He made an apology to me for his not attending (attend) the concert on time.Since I am busy, would you attend to the matter for me
43、?(5)写出句中attend to的意义I may be lateI have one or two things to attend to.(处理；办理)Will you attend to the shop for a few minutes while I go to the bank？(照顾；照看)Im too busy. I cant attend to you now.(接待；招待)4 (教材P2) But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一
44、想到要帮助那些遭受霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。expose.to.把暴露在下expose sth./sb./oneself (to.) 把显露或暴露于be exposed to 暴露于；接触到即学即用(1)Dont expose your skin to direct sunlight, or youll get sunburnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴露于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。(2)Exposing students to good art and music is a good thing.让学生接触美好的艺术和音乐是一件好事。(3)Via the Internet, we can
45、be exposed to infinite information.通过因特网，我们可以接触到无限的信息。 (4)语法填空To stay warm in cold weather, coldblooded animals must expose themselves to a source of warmth such as direct sunlight.Some people think we shouldnt expose the children to playing (play) computer games.He laughed, exposing (expose) his ye
46、llowing broken teeth.5 (教材P2) Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。(1)a cure for的治疗办法(药物等)(2)cure sb. 治愈，治好(病人)cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的即学即用(1)Finding a cure for cancer is one of the biggest challenges facing medical researchers.寻找癌症的治疗方法是医学研究者们所面临的最大挑战之一。(2)Doctors are n
47、ow able to cure people of many diseases which in former times would have killed them.现在，医生能够治愈过去的许多不治之症。(3)语法填空Scientists have so far failed to provide a cure for the common cold.Many bad habits can be especially difficult to_cure (cure) because they are likely to have been formed at a very young ag
48、e.6 (教材P2) The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒带入体内。absorb sb.s attention吸引某人注意absorb oneself inbe/get absorbed in 全神贯注于be absorbed by 被吞并；为所吸收巧学助记即学即用(1)Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.植物从空
49、气中吸收二氧化碳，从土壤中汲取水分。(2)The surrounding villages have been absorbed by the growing city.周围的村庄并入了日益扩展的城市中。(3)She was so absorbed in her job that she didnt hear anyone knocking at the door.So absorbed was she in her job that she didnt hear anyone knocking at the door.她工作非常专心，以至于有人敲门也没听到。(4)语法填空Absorbed (
50、absorb) in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching.When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, absorbing (absorb) themselves in conversation.Though it was midnight, she found her daughter completely absorbed (absorb) in her homework.7 (教材P2) John Snow suspected
51、that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.约翰斯诺认为第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。suspect sb./sth. 怀疑某人/某事suspect sb. of doing sth. 怀疑某人做某事suspect sb. to be. 怀疑某人是suspectthat从句 怀疑即学即用(1)On the face of it, he seems to be telling the truth though I suspect hes hiding something.表面上看，他似乎说的是实话，然而我怀疑他有所隐瞒
52、。(2)The manager said he suspected the man of stealing the papers all along.经理说他一直都怀疑是那个人偷了文件。(3)It was reported that that man was suspected to be connected with the crime.据报道，那个人被怀疑与该犯罪事件有关。(4)语法填空That engineer is suspected of revealing the government secret to the enemy.The fellow suspected (suspec
53、t) of killing his wife was finally put into prison.8 (教材P3) With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.有了这个额外的证据，约翰斯诺就能够断言这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。(1)It is announced that. 据宣布/据通知announce sth.to sb./to sb.sth. 向某人宣布某事(2)announcement n. 通告，宣告，通知m
54、ake an announcement 宣布(3)announcer n. 广播员，播音员温馨提示表示“向某人宣布某事”用announce sth.to sb./to sb.sth.，而不能用announce sb.sth.。即学即用(1)Mr Wang, teacher of Class 2, announced to the class that there would be no school tomorrow.二班的王老师向学生们宣布明天不上课。(2)The date of the examination will be announced to all schools later i
55、n the year.今年晚些时候将向所有学校宣布考试日期。(3)It was announced that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes.有通知规定，只有当火势得以控制后，才能允许居民们回家。(4)语法填空After the president made an official announcement (announce), she expressed her personal opinion.The judges did not
56、know she was physically disabled until the first prize winner was_announced (announce)I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang, announcing (announce) the class was over.blame vt. 责备；谴责；把归咎于n责怪，指责；过失(教材P2) It seemed that the water was to blame.看来水是罪魁祸首。(1)blame sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而指责某
57、人blame sth.on sb. 将某事归咎于某人sb.be to blame for (doing) sth. 某人因(做)某事应该受 到责备(2)bear/take the blame 承担责任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb. 将某事归咎于某人即学即用(1)Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.许多孩子害怕讲英语时因犯错误而受责备。(2)The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks c
58、areless driving.The police put/laid the blame for the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。(3)Dont always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame.不要总把失败归咎于他人，有时候该怪你自己。(4)语法填空It is common that nowadays some students put the blame for their poor
59、performance in study on their low IQ.His admission that he was to_blame (blame) for the accident kept the others from being punished.10 (教材P3) The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.自来水公司接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。(1)instruct sb.to do sth. 指示某人做某事instruct sb.in
60、(doing) sth. 指导某人(做)某事(2)instructive adj. 指示性的；有教育意义的(3)instruction n. (常用复数形式)用法说明， 操作指南；指示，命令；讲授即学即用(1)The college will need an additional teacher to instruct the students in cooking.这所技术学校需要增加一名老师来向学生们传授烹饪技术。(2)After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.在接到把车
61、开出城的指令后，我开始有了信心。(3)I want you to instruct them that theyve got three months to get the details sorted out.我想让你告知他们，他们有3个月的时间来解决细节问题。(4)语法填空The scientists report was so instructive (instruct) that we were all very excited.In the case of an emergency，follow the instructions (instruct) written inside t
62、he elevator and try to keep others calm.A fine life is a life instructed (instruct) by knowledge and stimulated by love. put forward 提出(建议、计划、理论等)；把向前拨或移；推荐，提名，推举(教材P1) Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？put up挂起；举起；张贴put on 穿上；上演；假装put away 把收好，存放；储蓄put an end to 结束put out 熄灭，扑灭
63、put up with 容忍，忍受put off 推迟put down 记下；镇压温馨提示在表示“提出”时，come up with和put forward为及物动词短语，可以用于被动语态；而come up是不及物动词短语，无被动语态。即学即用(1)An interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been put forward (has been come up with)有人提出一条测定火星周围大气层的有趣的建议。(2)My watch was slow so I put it forward t
64、hree minutes.我的手表慢了，因此我把它往前拨了3分钟。(3)The warm weather has put the crops forward by a month.暖和的天气使庄稼早熟了一个月。(4)用put短语的适当形式填空Why we decided to put_off the meeting was that our headmaster hadnt come back from Beijing.My parents wanted me to be a doctor, but I couldnt put_up_with all those years of study.
65、Youd better put_forward your reasons right now. We have no time to waste.You are not allowed to put_up advertisements on this wall without special permission.2 (教材P3) In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.在伦敦的另外一个地
66、区，他从另外两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。link.to.把连接到link.with. 把和连接起来即学即用(1)The two towns are linked to each other by a railway.这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。(2)This old Silk Road linked China with the West in ancient time.这条古老的丝绸之路在古时候把中国和西方连接了起来。(3)Regular air traffic links the city to the rest of the country.定期班机把这座城
67、市和全国其他地方连接起来了。(4)The highway being built will link_the_big_city_with_this_small_town.正在修建的高速公路将把那座大城市和这个小镇连接起来。(5)Its possible that he was_linked_to the case: he might have had a hand in planning the murder.有可能他和这个案子有关：他可能参与计划了这起谋杀案。(1)句中neither.nor.意为“既不也不”，可连接两个平行结构。This phenomenon is neither good
68、 nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.这种现象既不是很好也不是很差；它就是现实中的大学生活，过去是这样，现在还是如此。(2)neither.nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于与谓语最近的主语，即：就近原则。Neither my wife nor my parents were (be)able to persuade my daughter to change her mind and finally she joined in the game.我妻子和我父母都没能说服我女儿改变主意，最终她参加
69、了这个比赛。名师点津连接并列成分作主语，符合就近原则的还有：either.or.或者或者not.but. 不是而是not only.but(also). 不但而且Either you or one of your students is (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。Not you but I am (be) to blame for the mistake.不是你而是我该为此错误受到责备。So many thousands of terrified people died every
70、 time there was an outbreak.因此，每次霍乱暴发时就有成千上万惊恐的人死去。(1)every time用作连词，意为“每次”，引导时间状语从句。Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters.每次光线以新的速度进入某一物体，就会发生折射和散射。Something is learned every time a book is opened.谚语开卷有益。(2)含有time的时间名词短语作连词的还有：each time (每次)，(the) next time
71、(下次)，any time (随时)，(the) last time (上次)，the first time (第一次)。The_first_time he came to the city, he decided to settle there.他第一次来到那个城市，他就决定在那里安家。You are welcome to come back any_time you want to.你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people di
72、ed in ten days.在两条特定的街上霍乱流行得很严重，以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。(1)so.that.意为“如此以至于”引导结果状语从句，此结构中so为副词，后面跟形容词或副词。其结构为：soWe did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.我们做得如此好，以至于我们被邀请与我们学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。There was so_much_work to do that everybody got bored
73、.有这么多的工作要做，人人都感到厌烦了。(2)such.that作“如此以至于”，连接一个表示结果的状语从句时，与so.that意思相同，但用法不同。such后边要跟名词(这个名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带)，such.that的句型结构可分以下三种：sucha(n)adj.可数名词单数that.suchadj.可数名词复数that.suchadj.不可数名词that.He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.他进步得很快，老师们对他感到很满意。This is such an interest
74、ing book that we all enjoy reading it.This is so_interesting_a_book that we all enjoy reading it.这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。(3)当so或such位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装形式。So difficult is the article that I can hardly understand it.这篇文章太难了，我几乎读不懂。.单句语法填空1So its safe to_conclude (conclude) that it is reasonable to include English w
75、hich facilities daily communication.2Suspecting (suspect) the traveler of carrying drugs, the customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase.3His son is very naughty and has formed some bad habits. I think he should cure him of them.4When linked (link) to the subway, the city will be eas
76、y to get access to.5It was_announced (announce) that our team took the first place.6I tried to follow the instructions (instruct), but I got confused.7Wounds exposed (expose) to the air heal more quickly.8Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global fin
77、ancial crisis.9That year, I attended (attend) a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.10They had_defeated (defeat) their enemies before they could get help.选词填空neither.nor., take up a challenge, so.that., every time, be exposed to, put forward, be absorbed in, be
78、 blamed for1Everyone is supposed to put_forward some suggestions on how to improve our environment at the meeting.2Neither he nor his parents are going to travel this holiday for they are all busy.3The managing director was_blamed_for the accident, although it was not really his fault.4He was so abs
79、orbed_in his work that he didnt notice a visitor came in.5Are you going to take_up_a_challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing?6Every_time I call on her, she is always busy writing.7Nowadays more and more people would like to live in the countryside.Yeah. Youd be_exposed_to a lot less pollution if you moved to a village with pure water and air.8Nowadays, shopping online is so popular that it has become a part of our life.