1、Given that we just said goodbye to another year, we are all pretty familiar with the hindsight (后见之明)But have you heard of blindsight?The phenomenon is the ability to see without having the visual brain hardware to actually see.Its been proven that monkeys have blindsight for navigating (移动) through
2、 space, but never in a human until now.A recent paper in CurrentBiology describes a patient who lost his ability to see after suffering strokes that wiped out his visual cortex (大脑皮层), the brain area that processes visual input.His eyes and optic nerves remained intact, and the researchers confirmed
3、 that some information was being gathered via his stillfunctioning eyes.So they gave him what many would think was the impossible test for the blind person.He had to navigate a hallway, around chairs and boxes, without his cane (手杖)He passed the test perfectly.What this implies is that visual inform
4、ation can reach the brain by routes other than the visual cortex.And this means we dont have to be conscious of the experience of seeing to capture and respond to visual stimuli.“All the time, we are using the hidden resources of our brains and doing things we think we are unable to do，” said Beatri
5、ce de Gelder, one of the authors of the research.Maybe we should give a new meaning to the old saying “I see”Section_Welcome to the unit & Reading PrereadingFogby Bill LoweFog warningWhen Polly left home that morning， the city was already covered in a grey mist.At lunch, the radio forecastthat the m
6、ist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.At four oclock, Polly left work and stepped out into the fog.She wonderedif the buses would still be running.No buses to King StreetOnce out in the street， she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop.How far are you going？ the bus conductor asked her b
7、efore he took her fare.King Street， said Polly.Sorry, Miss， replied the man, the truth is that it is too foggy for the bus to run that far.Take the Underground to Green Park.The weather might be better there and you might be able to get a taxi.A tall manAs Polly observed the passengers on the train,
8、 she had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat.At last the train arrived at Green Park station. While the rest of the passengers were getting out， she glanced at the faces around her.The tall man was nowhere to be seen.fog/f/n.雾when引导时间状语从句。mist/mIst/n.薄雾；水汽forecast/f
9、kst/(forecast, forecast)vt.&n预测，预报that引导宾语从句。step v跨步，迈步n.脚步，步骤step out走出去wonder v想知道，对感到疑惑n.惊奇，奇迹，奇观if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。if也可引导条件状语从句，此时if意为“如果，假如”。省略结构作状语，补充完整为Once she was out in the street。once意为“一就”。conductor/kndkt(r)/n.(公交车)售票员；(乐队)指挥before引导时间状语从句。fare/fe(r)/n.车费foggy/fI/adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的too .to .太而不能t
10、hat adv.那么，相当于so。that引导表语从句。observe/bzv/vt.观察；注意到；评论observe sb.do/doing/done注意到某人做/正在做/做了overcoat/vkt/n.长大衣while引导时间状语从句，意为“在期间，趁”。glance/lns/vi.&n瞥一眼，匆匆看glance at瞥见，浏览，迅速地看nowhere/nwe(r)/adv.无处，到处都不雾 比尔洛浓雾警报那天早晨波莉离开家时，整个城市已笼罩在灰色的薄雾中。午餐时分，广播预报说，薄雾将会在下午变成浓雾。四点钟，波莉下了班，步入了浓雾中。她想知道公共汽车是否还会照常运行。没有到国王街的公共
11、汽车一来到街上，她就快步向她通常乘车的公共汽车站走去。“您要坐多远？”公共汽车售票员收下她的车费前问道。“国王街。”波莉答道。“对不起，小姐，”售票员回答说，“现实情况是雾太浓了，公共汽车跑不了那么远。乘地铁到格林公园吧。那里的天气可能好一点儿，您也许能叫到一辆出租车。”高个子男人当波莉观察地铁里的乘客时，她感觉到她正被一个穿着深色大衣的高个子男人注视着。地铁终于到达了格林公园站。趁其他乘客下车的时候，她扫视了一下她周围的那些面孔。那个高个子男人不见了。FootstepsWhen Polly got to the station entrance， it was empty.Outside,
12、wherever she looked the fog lay like a thick, grey cloud.There was no one in sight.Polly set off towards Park Street.As she walked along the narrow street， she heard the sound of footsteps approaching， but by the time she reached the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone.Suddenly Polly felt
13、a rough hand brush her cheek, and she heard a mans voice in her ear saying Sorry. The man moved away.She could feel her heart beating with fear.The helpful strangerThen she heard the sound again soft footsteps behind her.A minute before, she had wished for someone to come along.Now she wanted to run
14、, but fear held her still.The footsteps seemed close now.Then a mans voice came out of the darkness.Is anybody there？Polly hesitated.At last she answered, Hello, I think Im lost.A few seconds later, a hand reachedout and grasped her arm.Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a
15、 beard.Maybe I can help you.Which road do you want？he asked.I live at 86 King Street， Polly replied.Just take my hand， said the man.Come with me.Youll be all right. He took Pollys hand.Watch out for the step here.In his other hand the man carried a stick.Polly heard it hit the step.I can remember so
16、me terrible fogs, but maybe that was before your time.I cant see your face, but you sound young.How old are you？Just twenty， answered Polly.Ah, twenty! A nice age to be. I was young once.Now were at the crossroads.Turn left here.Im quite lost now.Are you sure you know the way？Polly was beginning to
17、feel frightened again.Of course.You really shouldnt feel anxious.He held her hand more firmly.footstep/ftstep/n.脚步(声)When Polly got .是when引导的时间状语从句。wherever/werev(r)/adv.&conj.无论哪里she looked是wherever引导的让步状语从句。lie vi.(平)躺，存在于，位于。过去式为lay，过去分词为lain，现在分词为lying。in sight看得到的，在视力范围之内的out of sight看不见的，在视力范围
18、之外的set off出发，起程narrow/nr/adj.狭窄的As she walked along .是as引导的时间状语从句。approach/prt/vi.&vt.靠近；着手处理n.靠近；方法；路径；approach用作名词时，后多接介词to。rough adj.粗糙的，粗略的，狂暴的brush vt.轻擦，轻拂，刷，掠过n.刷子，毛刷，画笔此处是feel sth.doing结构，beating作宾语补足语。with fear害怕地，with表示原因。wish for盼望，企盼(long for)come along出现，到达hold vt.(使某人)保持某种姿势holdheldhel
19、dstill adj.静止的，不动的darkness/dkns/n.黑暗hesitate/hezIteIt/vi.犹豫，迟疑不决dont hesitate to do sth.不要犹豫做某事，尽管做某事second n秒，片刻reach out伸出(手)grasp/rsp/vt.抓紧，抓牢stare/ste(r)/vi.凝视，盯着看stare up at 抬头凝视found herself staring .是“find宾语宾语补足语”结构。beard/bId/n.胡须，络腮胡子watch out for 留心，密切注意A nice age to be.补充完整应为：It is a nice
20、age to be twenty.crossroads/krsrdz/n.十字路口at the crossroads 在十字路口anxious/ks/adj.焦虑，忧虑be anxious to do sth.急于做某事firmly/fmlI/adv.牢牢地，坚定地firm作副词时，表示“坚固地”；而firmly表示“坚决地，坚定地”。脚步声当波莉到达车站入口处时，那里空无一人。外面，她目光所及之处，雾像浓密的灰云一样聚积着。一个人也看不到。波莉向公园街走去。当她沿着那条狭窄的街道走时，她听到了渐近的脚步声，但当她走到街道拐角处时，脚步声却消失了。突然，波莉感到有一只粗糙的手拂过她的脸颊，并且
21、她还听到了一个男人在她耳边说“对不起”的声音。那个男人走开了。她能感到她的心脏因害怕而怦怦直跳。热心的陌生人然后，她又听到了那种声音在她身后响起的轻柔的脚步声。一分钟前，她曾盼望有人跟随。现在她想跑，可恐惧让她挪不动脚步。脚步声这会儿似乎已经离她很近了。接着，黑暗中传来一个男人的声音：“有人吗？”波莉犹豫了。最终她还是回答道：“你好，我想我是迷路了。”几秒钟后，一只手伸出来抓住了她的胳膊。波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。“也许我能帮你。你想去哪条路？”他问道。“我住在国王街86号，”波莉答道。“只要拉着我的手就成，”老人说，“跟着我走，不会有事儿的。”他拉着波莉的手。“小心这里的台
22、阶。”老人的另一只手攥着一根手杖。波莉能听见它敲击台阶的声音。“我还记得几次糟糕的大雾，不过那可能都是在你出生之前的事了。我看不见你的脸，但你听起来挺年轻的。你多大了？”“刚20岁，”波莉答道。“啊，20岁！多好的年纪啊。我也年轻过。现在我们到十字路口了。在这里向左拐。”“我现在是彻底迷路了。您肯定您认识路吗？”波莉又开始感到害怕了。“当然(肯定)，你真的不用担心。”老人将她的手握得更紧了。The grateful helperHere we are. King Street. He stopped.Thank you so much for coming to my aid， said Po
23、lly in relief.Would you like to come in and rest for a while？Its very nice of you， said the man, but Ill be off.There may be more people lost today, and Id like to help them.You see, a fog this bad is rare.It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when its sunny.A blind person
24、like me cant get across the road without help, except in a fog like this.grateful/reItfl/adj.感激的，表示感谢的be grateful to sb.对某人表示感激be grateful for sth.感激/感谢某事helper/help(r)/n.帮助者Here we are.(Weve arrived.) 我们(终于)到了。aid/eId/n.&vt.帮助come to ones aid来帮助某人relief/rIlif/n.轻松，宽慰in relief欣慰地would like to do sth
25、.想要/愿意做某事for a while一会儿，一段时间Its very nice of you.常用于表示感谢。be off(leave)离开this在这里是副词，表示“如此”，相当于so。rare adj.稀有的，罕见的pay back报答，偿还that引导定语从句，修饰help。get across通过；将(想法、信息等)传达给cant .without .没有无法感恩的帮助者“我们到国王街了。”老人停住了脚步。“非常感谢您来帮助我，”波莉如释重负地说道，“您愿意进来休息会儿吗？”“你真客气，”老人说道，“不过我还是得走了，今天可能还会有更多人迷路，我想帮助他们。你瞧，像今天这么大的雾是
26、很少见的。这给了我机会来回报晴天时人们给我的帮助。像我这样的盲人没有(别人的)帮助是根本过不了马路的，除非是在这样的浓雾里。”PrereadingPlease match the words with the proper Chinese meanings.1confuseA观察；注意到；评论2forecast B抓紧，抓牢3observe C轻松，宽慰4narrow D犹豫，迟疑不决5approach E牢牢地，坚定地6hesitate F靠近，接近；着手处理；方法；路径7grasp G使糊涂，使迷惑8anxious H狭窄的9firmly I焦虑，忧虑10relief J预测，预报答案：1
27、5GJAHF610DBIECLeadin()What are our five senses？Please look at the following pictures and name the five senses.答案：1.sight2.hearing3.taste4.touch5.smell()Fill in the blanks according to the pictures.1If you want to taste delicious icecream, you will use your tongue (舌头)2When you enjoy the beauty of na
28、ture, you can see it with your eyes.3You can use the tablet computer by touching the screen.4Listening to music can help you feel relaxed (放松的), but too much listening may harm your hearing.5.The lovely child is trying to sniff (嗅) the fragrance of flowers, and its said that pleasant smells can redu
29、ce pain for women.Whilereading Fastreading1First look at the title and then skim the first sentence of each paragraph and finish the following exercises.The text mainly talks about Pollys_experience_in_a_fog.2Choose the right order of the following five events.aShe feared when she felt a hand brush
30、her cheek.bThe bus conductor told her the bus couldnt take her home.cShe told the old man that she was lost.dShe felt frightened because she was not sure whether the old man knew the way to her home.ePolly took the Underground to Green Park.Ab, e, a, c, dBc, a, d, e, bCe, a, c, d, b Db, a, e, d, c答案
31、：ACarefulreading()Choose the best answers according to the text.1When did Pollys experience happen?AIn the early morning when it was still dark outside.BAt lunch time when Polly was out buying some lunch.COn a foggy night when everybody had to take a train.DIn the afternoon when Polly was on her way
32、 back home.2What did Polly mean by “Are you sure you know the way？”AShe didnt know where she lived and hoped the old man could help her find it out.BShe couldnt find her way, so she couldnt tell the old man how to get to her home.CShe worried that the old man would bring her somewhere else instead o
33、f her home.DShe worried that the old man would get lost like her.3The man who helped Polly out of trouble was _.Athe man who watched Polly on the trainBan old blind man who always helps others in the fogCthe old man who made heavy footsteps behind herDan old man who always gets lost in the heavy fog
34、4Why did the blind man help Polly?ABecause he wanted to go home with her.BBecause she asked him to come in and rest for a while.CBecause he wanted to pay back the help he had received before.DBecause he had no one to help.答案：14DCBC()Fill in each blank with only one word according to the text.1.Place
35、/WhereTime & weatherPerson(s)What happenedPollys thought or 8.feelingOutside Pollys work placeAt 4 pm, foggyPollyShe 5.left work early.She wondered if the buses would still be running.At the 2.bus stop in the street LaterPolly, the bus conductorThe fog was too thick for the bus to 6.run to King Stre
36、et, where Polly lived.On the Underground 3.train;_at Green Park stationLaterPolly, a tall manA tall man in a dark overcoat is on the train.She had a feeling that she was being 9.watched.In Park Street; at the corner of the streetWhen Polly got to the station, the fog 4.lay like a thick, grey cloud.P
37、olly, a manA rough hand 7.brushed her cheek.Her heart was beating with fear.In the streetIt was dark.Polly, an old manThe old man took her hand and helped her find the way.She wished for someone to come along.Fear held her still.She began to feel frightened again.Outside Pollys house at King StreetL
38、ate that dayPolly, the old blind manThe old man left to help more people in need.Polly was 10.grateful/thankful.StudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overc
39、oat.句式分析尝试翻译当波莉观察地铁里的乘客时，她感觉到她正被一个穿着深色大衣的高个子男人注视着。2As she walked along the narrow street, she heard the sound of footsteps approaching, but by the time she reached the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone.句式分析本句为but连接的并列复合句。but前后的分句中分别包含as和by the time引导的时间状语从句。尝试翻译当她沿着那条狭窄的街道走时，她听到了渐近的脚步声，但
40、当她走到街道拐角处时，脚步声却消失了。3It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when its sunny.句式分析尝试翻译这给了我机会来回报晴天时人们给我的帮助。.阅读理解ACamping has a long history in Australia.The country has a long history about it,_which is a way of life for people in that country.Although that way of life has mostly
41、 died out in the modern country, we must take care to remember it.There is a long tradition.When gold was first discovered and people came from around the world to find their fortune, many could not afford to stay in a hotel and nor would there have been enough, so they all brought tents (帐篷) and se
42、t them up next to their little goldfield.Many people alive in Australia today are born from those people who spent large parts of their lives in tents.And it seems to have stayed with us all the way to modern Australia.In summer, the nations camping grounds are packed(挤满) with families on holidays.I
43、t is a great experience for a kid to lie in a tent where he or she can hear all the sounds of nature.Its a place where they can learn skills like making a fire, cooking and swimming in the water, which they will use for their whole lives.Of course, things have changed a lot from the early days of ca
44、mping, when you would carry everything you need on your back.Now there are all kinds of equipment to take with you, from solar panels (太阳能板) for your electric razor (电动剃须刀) to an outdoor shower.In fact, many campsites you see around the country are so decorated that you have to wonder why they are b
45、othered to leave the house at all.语篇解读：野营在澳大利亚有着悠久的历史。然而，现在人们野营的时候却习惯带上各种现代设备。1What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to?AAustralia.BTradition.CCamping. DFortune.解析：选C代词指代题。由第一段第一句话“Camping has a long history in Australia.”可推知，此处是说关于野营在澳大利亚拥有悠久的历史。2The second paragraph mainl
46、y tells us about_.Athe history of camping in AustraliaBwhat the first settlers did in AustraliaCthe hotel situations in AustraliaDAustralians modern way of life解析：选A段落大意题。由第二段对澳大利亚野营历史的介绍可知答案。3What do Australians prefer to do when summer comes?ATo go fishing.BTo make tents by themselves.CTo go campi
47、ng.DTo listen to nature.解析：选C推理判断题。由第三段第一句话“In summer, the nations camping grounds are packed (挤满) with families on holidays.”可推知，夏天来临的时候，人们喜欢去野营。4We can learn from the passage that_.Asolar panels are necessary for campingBthings have changed a lot about campingCthere are lots of goldfields in Austr
48、aliaDCamping has already died out nowadays解析：选B细节理解题。由最后一段第一句话“Of course, things have changed a lot from the early days of camping, when you would carry everything you need on your back.”可知，野营已经发生了许多变化。BButterflies are common all over the world, but butterflies in hot countries are usually bigger an
49、d more brightly colored than those in cooler countries, and there are more different kinds.Usually the male butterflies are more brightly colored than the females.The females have bigger and heavier bodies since they carry the eggs.The bright colors of the male help to attract the females, and the d
50、uller colors of the female make them less likely to be caught by enemies before they have laid their eggs.Some butterflies have bright pattern colors on the upper surface of their wings which show when flying, but when they rest on a tree or leaves they close their wings.On the undersides of their w
51、ings there are green and brown marks which look like the tree or leaves.They are then difficult to be seen.The best example of this is the Dead Leaf Butterfly.When its wings are closed, it looks exactly like a dead leaf.There are even marks that look like the holes in a dead leaf.When a bird is chas
52、ing (追逐) a butterfly and it closes its wings, it seems to have disappeared completely.Many butterflies have round marks on their wings that look like eyes.When they are resting, their wings are closed, and these cannot be seen.When a bird sees one, and begins to attack it, the butterfly would open i
53、ts wings.The bird thinks that it sees two eyes staring at it, and is frightened, and flies away.语篇解读：本文介绍了气候对蝴蝶的形状和颜色的影响，雄性蝴蝶和雌性蝴蝶的区别以及蝴蝶翅膀上的印记的特征和作用。5The females have bigger and heavier bodies, because _.Athey eat muchBthey are activeCthere are many eggs with themDboth A and B解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知答
54、案。6The bright colors of the male_.Amake them look fearfulBmake them pretty and easy to be seenCwill help to get no attention of the femaleDwill help to catch the females eyes解析：选D细节理解题。文中第二段提到雄性蝴蝶鲜亮的颜色是为了吸引雌性蝴蝶。D项符合文意。7When the butterflies take a rest，_.Atheir wings are usually closedBthey look exac
55、tly like dead leavesCtheir wings are usually openedDthey show their round marks on the wings解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句的后半句可知答案。8When attacked by birds, the resting butterfly sometimes would_ to frighten the bird away.Aopen its mouth Bclose its mouthCclose its wings Dopen its wings解析：选D推理判断题。文章最后一段提到若蝴蝶在休息时
56、被鸟袭击，它们通常会张开翅膀，鸟儿会把它们翅膀上的marks当作两只直视的眼睛而受到惊吓，便飞走了。D项符合文意。CDo you have a good sense of humour? This is a great question that is unfortunately difficult to answer.I can only give you my views on this topic, which may or may not be correct.I know that my sense of humour developed over time.When I was y
57、ounger I was not funny at all; now I can easily make people laugh.At the same time, sometimes I say things that I think are very funny but others do not.Improving wit (风趣) and humour, I believe, is an ongoing process.Now, there are various forms of humour and everyone has their individual style.Over
58、all, I believe being fluent in a language is very important for being witty or funny.The way we play around with words adds the “funny” tag to an otherwise normal sentence.Also, seeing irony is very important.I think humour is often the link between two unrelated things.In my experience, laughing fr
59、equently and appreciating other peoples jokes and wit are very important.Within this, finding humour in everyday normal situations is the key.I often notice what is going on around me and say funny things in my head and laugh to myself.I watch comedy shows and movies and I am sure they have some eff
60、ect on helping me improve my sense of humour.And last, having confidence that you are witty is important.There will always be someone wittier or funnier than you, which is fine.Just work on building your own style.Remember, if you are trying to be funny and witty in order to break the ice at a busin
61、ess function, be careful.In those situations, humour has to be mild and politically correct.语篇解读：你幽默吗？幽默感需要时间来培养，幽默来源于生活。每个人都有自己的幽默方式，每个人也都要学会欣赏别人的幽默，幽默还要注意措辞与场合。9About the development of sense of humour, the author thinks that_.Ait takes time to be humorousBthose humorous persons are born to be lik
62、e thatCone may become humorous in a short timeDsome people can never be humorous解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“I know that my sense of humour developed over time.”以及第二段的内容可知，幽默感需要时间来培养，而且是一个持续不断的过程。10We can infer that the author may be _ in his life.Ahumorous BpuzzledCunhappy Dcrazy解析：选A推理判断题。第二段中的“.now I can
63、 easily make people laugh .sometimes I say things that I think are very funny but others do not”说明作者平常可能很幽默。11To develop your sense of humour, the author makes the following suggestions EXCEPT_.Ato develop your own character of humourBto enjoy others humourCto find humour in your lifeDto be humorous
64、 whether you are confident or not解析：选D细节理解题。作者认为每个人都有自己的幽默方式，自己幽默也要学会欣赏别人的幽默，并且幽默来源于生活。在倒数第二段作者提出要有自信，所以D项与作者的观点不一致。.阅读七选五Having your cell phone at work can be useful but it can also be very damaging.Here are some rules you should follow if you have your cell phone at work.Turn your cell phone ringe
65、r off.If you have your cell phone at work, it shouldnt ring._1_ The sounds of different rings going off all the time can be very annoying to others.Use your cell phone only for important calls.If you have your cell phone at work, you should only use it for important calls._2_ The school nurse callin
66、g to say your child is ill, your child calling to say hes arrived home from school safely and family emergencies that you must deal with immediately are important.Your friend calling to chat, your child calling to say the dog had an accident, or your mom calling to tell you your cousin Mark is marri
67、ed should not be considered important._3_While you are at work if you are in doubt about whether an incoming call is important, let voice mail pick it up.It will take much less time to check your messages than it will to answer the call and then tell the caller you cant talk.Dont bring your cell pho
68、ne into the restroom._4_ Why? Well, if you must ask you never know whos in there; the person on the other end of the line will hear bathroom sounds, eg, toilets flushing (冲洗); it is an invasion (侵犯) of your coworkers privacy (隐私)Find a private place to make cell phone calls.While its okay to use you
69、r cell phone at work for private calls during breaks, dont stay at your desk._5_ You may be on a break but your coworkers have a job to do.ADont bring your cell phone to meetings.BWhat should you sort an important call?CFind somewhere else to talk, where your conversation cant be overheard.DThis rul
70、e should apply to using your cell phone at work or anywhere.EIf you dont want to turn off your cell phone completely, at least set it to vibration mode (振动模式)FIf you need to have it with you for those reasons, then you dont have much of a choice.GLet your cell phone calls go to voice mail.语篇解读：本文就上班
71、时如何处置手机给出了具体的建议。1选E根据本段小标题Turn your cell phone ringer off.及下文 “The sounds of different .very annoying to others.”可知，如果你不想关掉手机，至少调成振动模式。2选B根据本段小标题Use your cell phone only for important calls.及空格后面内容可知，空格处提出到底如何区分哪一种才是重要电话？3选G根据下文“While you are at work .let voice mail pick it up.”可知，本段建议把来电转接到语音信箱。4选D根据本段小标题及下文内容可知，本段建议绝不把手机带进洗手间。由此可推知，本段的建议应该适用于工作场所或在其他地方使用手机的时候。5选C根据上文“While its okay to use your cell phone at work for private calls during breaks, dont stay at your desk.”可知，下文应建议找个别的地方，一个不会让别人不小心听到的地方。
