1、命题特点 短文材料：记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章。短文长度：大约是200个词。必考点：连词、谓语动词、非谓语动词、词类转换。常考点：冠词、介词、代词、比较级、固定搭配。助动词do/does/did及名词的单复数也会考查。词类转换：13题。非谓语动词：3题。给词题个数：7个。语法填空考点：语法填空的考点与短文改错的考点基本相同，具体有以下十大考点：考点1：名词弄清数与格。即名词是否该用复数，是否要用所有格。例1We were poor in those _(day).days考点2：代词指代对象(通常是前面出现的名词或整句)，是人还是事物，是男还是女，是单数还是复数，是作主语还是作宾语。例1 The
2、manager was about to leave when his secretary called _ back.him考点3：冠词不定冠词表示泛指，可译作“一个/本/座/”等；定冠词表示特指，相当于“这，这些，那，那些”。另外，特指上文出现的或谈话双方心目中都知道的人或事物用the，以及在序数词前、最高级前、独一无二的事物名词之前，用the。如：例1It was _ third time I had been there.the考点4：连词 并列连词。连接两个或几个词、短语或句子的并列连词有and,or,but,neithernor,eitheror,whetheror等。例1 As
3、a citizen,you must obey the law _ you will be punished.分析 前后是两个句子，应填连词；根据句意可知填or，表示“否则”。or 从句连词。引导名词性从句的连接代词(what,which,who,whom,whose)或连接副词when,where,why,how)是有意义，并在从句中作句子成分；连词that不作任何句子成分，没有任何意义；连词whether/if 不作句子成分但有意义，表“是否”。其中要特别注意连接代词what的意义和用法。例3 He came to me in the belief _ I could help him.分
4、析空格后面的句子是belief的同位语，从句内容完整，也不缺少任何句子成分，故填that。that 引导定语从句的关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose,as)和关系副词(where,when,why)。注意关系词是代表先行词并在定语从句中作句子成分的。例5I met a boy_ said he knew you.引导状语从句的从属连词(when,while,before,after,as,until,once,because,since,unless,if,though/although,where,wherever,whatever,whichever,whenev
5、er,however等）。例7 We camped there _ it was too dark to go on.who/thatbecause考点5：介词主要是at,in,on,for,since,with,without,from,as,after,before,behind等表示时间、地点、原因等的介词以及习惯用语中的介词。例1 I am grateful to you _ helping me.分析 因为某事感谢某人，用for表示感谢的原因。考点6：助动词 构成行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句和否定句的do,does,did。for例1 How much _ he charg
6、e you for repairing the bicycle just now?分析这是疑问句，由just now可知，是一般过去时，填助动词did。强调行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的谓语动词的do,does,did。例2To tell you the truth,Tom _ take my pen by mistake yesterday,but he has said sorry to me.分析与yesterday连用，强调谓语动词，又是一般过去时，用did。diddid 构成部分倒装的do,does,did。例3 Not only _ he do well in his study
7、,but also he is always ready to help others.分析 not onlybut also连接两个句子时，前一个句子要用部分倒装；主语是第三人称单数，由后句的is可知，是一般现在时，故填does。常用情态动词的基本用法。例4I _ have gone to the school library,but it rained heavily,so I did not.分析表示“本应该做某事，但事实上却没有做”，用should have done sth.表示，故填should。doesshould考点7：谓语动词谓语动词主要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等。从历
8、年广东卷和全国卷来看，考得最多的是一般现在时和一般过去时，且只需看看上下文中谓语动词是用什么时态，跟着用什么时态就行了，十分简单。例1He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly,he_(find)that he had run out of salt.So Nick called分析在主语he后作谓语，是谓语动词；因he与find是主动关系，用主动语态，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时，故填found。found考点8：非谓语动词动词是作谓语用的，当动词不是作谓语时，而是作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语时，该动词就要用非谓
9、语形式：to do(即用to+原形),doing(即-ing形式),done(即-ed形式)。根据三种形式的不同用法，以及非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系等来确定具体用哪种形式。例1Sue got home,_(feel)very tired.分析因已有谓语动词got，而feel前又没有并列连词，所以feel是非谓语动词；又因Sue与feel是主动关系，故填feeling。例2 Sue got home,and she_(feel)very tiredfeelingfelt考点9：词类转换要求考生搞清楚，什么词类在句中作什么成分，或什么成分用什么词类的词来充当。复习要点主要有：作主语、宾语、表语，
10、用名词。亦即，名词就是在句中作主语、宾语、表语的。例1Several children are away from school because of _(ill).分析作介词because of的宾语，要用名词，故填illness。作定语、补语、表语，用形容词。亦即，形容词在句中是作定语、补语、表语的。illness例2 This is the only reference book that I find _(use).分析关系代词that代表先行词the book，在定语从句中作find的宾语，所以要填的词是作宾补的，故填形容词形式useful。作状语，用副词修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，
11、或修饰全句。亦即，副词就是用来作状语的。例3I arrived late but _(luck),the meeting had been delayed.分析修饰后面整个分句，作状语，填副词luckily。usefulluckily考点10：比较等级有than的前面要用比较级；有in,of,I have ever seen等表示比较范围的用最高级；根据语境理解隐形的比较级。例1It takes _(little)time to go there by plane than by train.例2 He is the _(tall)boy in our class.例3My pronuncia
12、tion is poor.His is even _(bad).分析由even(更)可知用比较级，相当于后面省略了than mine，故填worse。lesstallestworse 此外，作形式主语和形式宾语的it，构成强调句型的it,that都是很可能要考的.例1I find _ interesting to learn English.例2 _ is important that we should learn English well.例3It is because he has been working hard _ he has made such great progress.解
13、析填that,与前面的It is构成强调结构。itItthat解题指导了解语法填空的考点和考法对解题非常有用。具体步骤大致为：略读全文抓大意。分析句子结构，根据所填词在句中充当什么成分确定要填哪类词，即从句子结构的完整性去思考该填哪类词。根据句子意思的完整性去思考具体填哪个词。根据前后句子之间的逻辑关系确定填适当的并列连词或从句的引导词。先易后难，等容易的做好后再考虑难题。做完后再通读一遍，认真检查。考点归纳：1.名词（单复数、所有格）2.代词（人称代词I/me,;物主代词my/mine,;反身代词myself/ourselves,;指示代词this,that,these,those;不定代词
14、all,each,every,both,either,neither,one,none,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,no；由 some,any,every,no 所构成的合成代词 somebody,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everything,nobody,nothing;相互代词each other,one another 等)3.冠词(a/an,the)4.连词（并列连词、从属连词）考点归纳：5.介词（with,without,before,after,)6.助动词（do/does
15、/did)7.谓语动词（注意时态、语态、语气、主谓一致）8.非谓语动词（to do/doing/done)9.词类转换（v./n./adj./adv.)10.比较级（形容词及副词的比较级）11.it 的用法 12.强调句型It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分 比比看谁做得快！My name is Elias.I am a poor black worker in South Africa.The time_31_ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.I was twelve yea
16、rs old.It was in 1952 and he had opened _32_ black law firm（事务所）to advise poor black people on their problems.whena12月月考语法填空 I began school _33_ six.The school_34_ I studied in for only two years was three kilometres away.I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and
17、 the bus fares.I could not read _35_ write.After trying hard,I got a job in gold mine.This was a time when one had got to have a passbook _36_(live)in Johanneburg._37_(sad)I did not have this passbook because I was not born there and I was worried about whether I would be out of work.atwhich/thatort
18、o liveSadlyThe day when Nelson Mandela told me what to do and _38_(help)me was one of the _39_(happy)days of my life.He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johanneburg.I never forgot _40_ kind he was and when he organized the ANC Youth League,I joined it as soon as I could.helpe
19、dhappiesthowThe adobe dwellings（土坯房）_1_(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _2_ most modern architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _3_(able)to“air condition”a house without _4_(use)electric e
20、quipment.builttheabilityusing2015年高考语法填空Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _5_(slow)during cool nights,thus warming the house.When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _6_(cool)the house during the hot day;_7_ t
21、he same time,they warm up again for the night.slowlyto coolatThis cycle _8_(go)day after day.the walls warm up during the day andcool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures.As _9_(nature)architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _10_ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.goesnaturalhowThank you!
