1、Section_Introduction_&_Reading_Language_Points一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇 1.ethnicadj.种族的；民族的2.nativeadj. 出生地的；土生土长的3.runv. 控制；管理4.propertyn. 财产5.customn. 风俗，习惯，传统.拓展词汇1. minorityn少数民族minor adj.较小的majority n大多数major adj.主要的2.diverseadj.完全不同的；各不相同的(from)diversity n多样性diversify v使多样化3.variedadj.各种各样的；形形色
2、色的vary v变化variety n种类；多样化various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的4.inheritv继承inheritance n继承物；遗产1.ethnic adj.种族的；民族的词块ethnic conflict种族/民族冲突联想race n种族，人种，血统racism n种族主义2.native adj.出生地的；土生土长的词块native language本族语；母语native country祖国native land故乡3.run (ran, run) v控制；管理联想operate v经营，运转manage v管理，经营词块run a hotel/store经营一
3、家旅馆/商店run a business管理企业4.property n财产近义fortune n财产wealth n财富treasure n财富；珠宝二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.be home to是的家园/栖息地2.in use 在使用3.as if 好像4.put a spell on 对施魔咒5.get lost in 迷失在，陷入到6.take place 发生，举行1.leave university大学毕业2.run through the city 流经这个城市3.walk back into the past 走回到过去4.over 100 years old
4、一百多岁5.one day left 剩下的一天6.all the same 都一样三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain, its peak covered with snow. 古城依山而建，对面是海拔5 500米的玉龙雪山，山顶白雪皑皑。“名词过去分词”构成的独立主格结构，cover与its peak是逻辑上的动宾关系。All_her_money_spent,_she had to borro
5、w some from her friends.她的钱全花完了，她不得不从朋友那里借一些。2.The sky is clear blue and I dont think Ive ever seen anything else so beautiful in my life.这里的天空碧蓝如洗，我认为我一生从未见过如此的美景。句中“dont .ever .so .”结构表示最高级意义。I dont_think_Ive_ever_seen so thrilling a movie.我认为我从没看过那么惊险的电影。3.For example, it is the women who run Nax
6、i society, and until recently, Naxi women inherited all property.例如， 管理纳西族社会的是妇女，而且直到近来还是由纳西族的妇女来继承全部财产。It is . who .为强调句型，主语the women是被强调的部分。It_is_parents_who should be responsible for their childrens behaviors.父母应该为自己孩子的行为负责。4.However different we may appear to be at first, we are all the same, al
7、l equal.无论起初我们看上去有多么不同，然而我们本质上是一样的，每个人都是平等的。however“无论怎样，不管怎样”，引导让步状语从句。However_hard_it_rained,_they go on hiking. 不管雨下得多大他们仍继续徒步旅行。1(教材P57)home to 25 ethnic minorities, most diverse region of China25个少数民族的居住地，中国民族最多样化的地区minority n少数民族；少数派；少数 (1)be in the/a minority占少数a/the minority of 少数的(2)majorit
8、y n. 大多数be in the/a majority 占多数a/the majority of 多数的by/with a majority 以多数Women were in the minority in the meeting.在这次会议上，妇女占少数。Only a/the_minority_of the class voted for the plan.班里只有少数学生投票赞成这项计划。The nation wants peace, and only a minority want(s) the war to continue.全国人民渴望和平，只有少数人希望战争继续。名师点津the/
9、a majority of名词，表示“大多数”，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致； the/a majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。2(教材P57)native adj.出生地的；土生土长的n.C本地人；土生土长的动/植物be native to(指动植物)原产于某地a native of 特有的He is quite familiar with the city because he is a native of it. 他对这个城市很熟悉，因为他是本地人。Its said that the tiger is native to India.据说这种老虎原产于印度。As w
10、e all know, the panda is a native of China.众所周知，熊猫是中国特有的动物。3(教材P58)Ive been in Yunnan for two months now and Im still astonished by how varied the landscape is.现在我来云南已经两个月了，这里多姿多彩的风景仍然令我惊讶不已。varied adj.各种各样的；形形色色的(1)vary v变化vary in 在方面变化vary with 随着的变化而变化vary from . to . 从变化到(2)variety n. 种类；多样化种种Th
11、e colour of the leaves varies with season.叶子的颜色随着季节的变化而变化。The prices vary from season to season.价格随季节变化而有所不同。There used to be a_variety_of/varieties_of foods at choice in that cafeteria.那家自助餐馆以前有各种各样的食品可供选择。4(教材P58)For example, it is the women who run Naxi society, and until recently, Naxi women inh
12、erited all property.例如， 管理纳西族社会的是妇女，而且直到近来还是由纳西族的妇女来继承全部财产。run v控制；管理，经营；运转；跑，奔跑；行驶；延伸；流淌，流动写出下列句中run的含义The machine runs smoothly. 运转They ran the kindergarten extremely well. 经营Tears ran down her cheeks as she told us about her sufferings. 流淌Buses to Oxford run every five minutes. 行驶The road runs pa
13、rallel to the river. 延伸They turned and ran when they saw us coming. 跑run after追赶某人；追逐某物run away from 逃离；逃避run across 偶然遇见某人或发现某物run into 遇到；撞上；遇到(困难)run out (指供应品)花光，用完；耗尽；结束run out of (指人)用完；耗尽(供应品)run over 碾过At first things went well, but later on we ran into trouble.起初事情进展得很顺利，但后来我们遇到了困难。I ran_ou
14、t_of petrol, but a passing motorist saved the situation.我的汽油用完了，但是一辆路过的汽车司机救了我。5(教材P58)They have the custom of playing cards on card tables in the middle of the street.她们有着在街道当中的牌桌上打牌的习俗。custom n风俗，习惯，传统the custom of doing sth.做的风俗习惯follow/keep up a custom 遵守习俗break a custom 打破习俗It is the custom (fo
15、r sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是一种风俗(习惯)It is difficult to get used to another countrys customs.要适应另一国家的风俗习惯是很困难的。They broke some of the old customs (custom)他们打破了一些旧的风俗习惯。名师点津customs不一定就是custom的复数形式，也表示“海关，关税”。She was stopped at customs and questioned.她在海关被叫住并接受询问。辨析比较custom, habit, practicecustom一般指整个社
16、会、民族、宗教、部落等在长时间内形成的风俗、习惯，偶尔也指个人的习惯habit一般指个人的习惯行为practice指习惯做法、惯例选用上述单词填空He has a habit of closing his eyes when he tells a story.It is a practice in Britain to drive on the left.This custom has been handed down since the 18th century. 6(教材P59)The Naxi language is the only hieroglyphic language stil
17、l in use and is over 1,000 years old.纳西文是唯一仍在使用的象形文字，已有一千多年的历史了。in use 在使用，在应用be out of use不再使用be of (no) use 有用(没用)的come into use 开始使用put . to use 使用make good/full use of 好好/充分利用Its no use doing . 做是无用的Its said that varied old machines are still in use.据说各种各样的旧机器还在使用中。How long is it since the elect
18、ric computer came_into_use?电子计算机开始应用到现在已有多久了？Its no use trying (try) to persuade her to follow your advice.想说服她接受你的建议是没有用的。1The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain, its peak covered with snow.古城依山而建，对面是海拔5 500米的玉龙雪山，山顶白雪皑皑。句中its peak cover
19、ed with snow是由“名词过去分词”构成的独立主格结构。由于cover与its peak是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以cover用过去分词形式。its peak covered with snow相当于with复合结构“with its peak covered with snow”或定语从句“whose peak is covered with snow”。His left leg broken, he couldnt play football on the weekend.他左腿骨折，周末不能踢球了。独立主格结构常在句中作状语，表示原因、条件或伴随情况等。其主要形式还有：(1)名词或代
20、词现在分词(名词或代词与动词之间为主谓关系)Time permitting (permit), we will go out for a holiday.如果时间允许，我们会出去度假。(2)名词或代词不定式(表示未发生的动作)I send you today four fifths of the sum, the rest to_follow (follow) in a month.我今天付给你这笔款项的五分之四，其余的一个月后给你。(3)名词或代词介词短语Father came back home happily, cake in hand.爸爸高兴地回到家，手里捧着蛋糕。(4)名词或代词(
21、being)形容词或副词The meeting over, everyone tried to go home earlier.会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。(5)there be的独立主格结构为there beingThere being (be) no buses, he had to take a taxi to return home.因为没有公共汽车，他不得不搭出租车回家。名师点津(1)独立主格结构中的逻辑主语是人称代词时，一定要用主格，而不能用宾格；(2)独立主格结构的逻辑主语和主句之间的主语不能是同一人或物。2The sky is clear blue and I dont t
22、hink Ive ever seen anything else so beautiful in my life.这里的天空碧蓝如洗，我认为我一生从未见过如此的美景。句中“dont .ever .so .”结构表示最高级意义。表示最高级意义的结构还有：(1)完成时neverI have never met such a kindhearted person before. 我从来没有遇到过这么好心的人。(2)否定词so .as .No one is so deaf as those who wont listen. 最聋者莫过于不听劝说的人。He studies harder (hard) t
23、han any other student in his class. 他比班上其他任何学生学习都要刻苦。(4)否定词比较级(than .)He has never spent a more_worrying (worrying) day. 他度过了最担心的一天。There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends. 一个人为朋友而放弃生命的爱是最伟大的爱。.单句语法填空1Onethird of the country is covered with trees and the ma
24、jority of the citizens are (be) black people.2Its no use complaining (complain) without taking action.3Her glass broken (break), she couldnt see the words on the blackboard.4The techniques of sales promotion are varied (vary) and numerous.5His father was a civil servant, and his mother ran (run) a c
25、lothes store.6At the airport, it is a custom for customs officers to search passengers luggage. (custom)7Some plants, such as corn and potatoes, are native to America.完成句子1The_majority_of_people_prefer peace to war.大多数人喜欢和平，而不喜欢战争。2I have_never_seen_so_many_people attend this church before.我以前从未见过这么
26、多人来这个教堂做礼拜。3It_is_no_use_explaining the reason to him.向他解释理由是没有用的。4All_the_lights_on,_she went out.灯全亮着，她出去了。5It_is_our_custom_to_hold a boating contest every May.我们这里每年五月都有赛龙舟的习俗。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1Different people have varied (各种各样的) ideas about life.2The giant is native (出生地的) to China.3She inhe
27、rited (继承) a fortune from her father three years ago.4It is our custom (风俗) to send New Years cards to friends.5The government has taken effective measures to avoid conflicts between the different ethnic (种族的) groups in that area.6Women are in the minority (少数) in the top ranks of government.7He off
28、ered us a diversity (多样性) of methods to solve the problem.8She is accustomed to the tropical rainforest (热带雨林) climate.9For some time people had been complaining about the way she ran (管理) the department. 10Nowadays, many old customs (风俗) are gradually dying out.单句改错1Though the dictionary is worn ou
29、t, it is still in the use.去掉第二个the2My grandfather sat in his chair, his eyes were closed.去掉were3There is a wide variety goods to choose from.variety后加of4Zhongguancun is home of many hitech companies of China.第一个ofto5Men are in minority in the nursing profession.第一个in后加the或a6Eagerly to see the sunris
30、e, they got up at four oclock.EagerlyEager.选词填空1Many people follow_the_custom of wearing a carnation on Mothers Day.2It is well known that climate varies_with the time of the year.3A_majority_of working women remain in full charge of their home.4Seriously damaged, the bridge is no longer in_use.5You
31、 neednt worry about running_out_of money; Ill always see you right.课文语法填空Im astonished by how 1.varied (vary) the landscape is. Down in the south, 2.it is very tropical, but in the northwest, Lijiang, a half new and half old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is Yulong Xueshan Mountai
32、n, whose peak 3.is_covered (cover) with snow. 4.Seen (see) from above, the old town is a maze that tourists get lost in. This region is where the Naxi ethnic group live. Its the women 5.who/that run Naxi society. They inherit all property and have 6.the custom of playing cards in the middle of the s
33、treet. The Naxi language is the only hieroglyphic language still 7.in use. Naxi culture is 8.particularly (particular) famous for its music. Passed from father to son, the music 9.hasnt_changed (not change) for eight centuries. At last I know 10.however different we may appear to be at first, we are
34、 all the same, all equal.V串点成篇微表达我们国家是很多(a variety of)少数民族(minority)的家园。他们的文化各不相同(diverse)，并一代一代传承下来。他们有自己的节日，如四月份举办(take place)的泼水节。纳西族是一个由女人管理(run)社会并继承(inherit)财产的民族。他们的语言已经使用(in use)1 000多年了。妇女们穿着蓝色的衣裤，外面罩着蓝色或黑色的围裙，这是纳西族的习俗(custom)。Our_country_is_home_to_a_variety_of_minorities._Their_cultures_a
35、re_diverse_and_have_been_passed_from_generation_to_generation._They_have_their_own_festivals,_like_the_WaterSplashing_Festival,_which_takes_place_in_April._Naxi_is_a_ethnic_group_in_which_women_run_the_society_and_inherit_the_property._Their_language_has_been_in_use_for_more_than_1,000_years._It_is_
36、a_custom_for_Naxi_women_to_wear_blue_blouses_and_trousers_covered_by_a_blue_or_black_apron.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.完形填空Yesterday I called my cousin Alice. I asked her if she _1_ to go out for a picnic with me. She immediately said，“No. Im too _2_ to go with you.”I was not _3_ when I got that response. Alice
37、 is always doing something. Shes running here and there to get a _4_ done. And at the end of the day, she always seems exhausted. I dont think Alice is _5_. There are many people like her. They seem to be very busy but dont do many things. Their _6_ is that they dont set priorities (优先). In their op
38、inion, every task is of the same _7_. But that is incorrect.Recently, I _8_ a video online, which shows the importance of establishing priorities. And I cant _9_ more. There are reasons to set priorities on a _10_ basis. If you work on tasks from one to another without getting anything _11_ on the m
39、ajor todo list, you will see yourself flitting like a humming bird from flower to flower._12_ you havent set your daily priorities for quite some time, maybe a suggestion or two would be welcome. The easiest and simplest way, and _13_ one of the most effective ways is to start to _14_ your major pri
40、orities for the day on your calendar. No, I do not _15_ doing that on your iPad, iPhone, or any other electronic device. You should _16_ major priorities on a physical calendar with a pen. This process lets your brain _17_ the connection you are making, and it is this conscious connection that makes
41、 your note more effective.The real _18_ comes next and that is to remove or _19_all other events, issues, or demands for your time or attention that could knock you off your track. This is not easy. However, with practice, youll _20_ make it.语篇解读：在日常生活中，我们不能毫无章法地瞎忙碌，而是应该有所偏重。1A.rememberedBwantedCdem
42、anded Dfeared解析：选B作者打电话给Alice是想问她是否“想”跟自己一起去野炊。2A.boring BoldCbusy Dweak解析：选C根据下文“Alice is always doing something.”可知，Alice立刻拒绝了，而她的理由是她很“忙”。3A.pleased BexcitedCinterested Dsurprised解析：选D作者已经习惯了Alice的忙碌，所以听到这个回答她并不“惊讶”。4A.suggestion BstudyCtask Dproject解析：选C根据语境及下文提示可知，Alice很忙碌，是为了把手上的“任务”完成。5A.alon
43、e BhappyCcalm Dpositive解析：选A根据“There are many people like her.”可知，这里是指Alice不是“唯一”一个这样的人。6A.hope BproblemCadvice Dgoal解析：选B根据下文的内容可知，“they dont set priorities (优先)”是这些人的“问题”所在。7A.requirement BtimeCquality Dimportance解析：选D这些人分不清事情的主次，故在他们看来，所有事情都是一样“重要”的。8A.advertised BdownloadedCwatched Dmade解析：选C作者是
44、在网上“观看”了这样一个视频。9A.attempt BagreeCthink Dspread解析：选B作者认为分清事情的主次很重要，所以她对视频中的说法很“赞同”。10A.daily BmonthlyCweekly Dyearly解析：选A我们每天都会面临很多事情，故这里是指“每天”都要分清事情的主次。11A.marked BconcludedCtested Dinspected解析：选A如果每天毫无头绪地忙碌，对所做的主要事情不进行“标注”，那么我们就是在瞎忙。12A.Though BIfCUnless DSince解析：选B这里是在表假设，故用if引导条件状语从句。13A.hardly B
45、neverCstill Dsometimes解析：选C这一点现在“仍然”是分清事情主次很重要的一点，故选C项。14A.explain BshowCcorrect Drecord解析：选D根据下文内容可知，这里是指把事情“记录”下来。15A.decide BstopCmean Dforget解析：选C作者不是说要在这些电子产品上记录下我们要做的重要事情，故选C项。16A.draw out Bwrite downCcut back Dbreak down解析：选B根据下文“a physical calendar with a pen”可知，此处指需要用笔来“写下”这些事情。17A.understa
46、nd BdamageCdisplay Dprotect解析：选A根据下文“it is this conscious connection that makes your note more effective”可知，这样做是为了让我们“明白”这个关联。18A.truth BbenefitCfact Dchallenge解析：选D根据下文可知，这里是指真正的“挑战”。19A.replace BignoreCconsider Dimprove解析：选B根据下文内容可知，此处是指清除掉或者“忽视”那些会影响我们的计划的无关紧要的事情。20A.powerfully BimmediatelyCbrave
47、ly Dgradually解析：选D根据“This is not easy.”以及“with practice”可知，通过实践，我们“慢慢地”会做好这一点。.短文改错Many animals and plants had disappeared because of human activities. And many are at risk of disappearing. We need help. Luckily, many organizations are tried to prevent them from completely disappear. And we can help
48、, too. Last week, when I was reading a newspaper, I read about conservation campaign led by Chester Zoo. It was raising money to help endangered animal around the world. After I read about it, I immediate decided to help. Though I just donated 50 dollars, I was happily that I did something to help. I think since we all do something to help for wild animals, many wild animals will be saved.答案：第一句：hadhave第三句：WeThey第四句：triedtrying; disappeardisappearing第六句：about后加a第七句：animalanimals第八句：immediateimmediately第九句：happilyhappy第十句：sinceif; 去掉for