1、高考题型提分练(七)阅读理解提能练(限时35分钟). 阅读理解AThe vast Caspian Sea, though sometimes classed as a lake, is the largest landlocked body of water in the world. The gateway between Europe and Asia, it is bordered by Iran to the south, Azerbaijan and Russia to the west and Turkmenistan to the east, while Kazakhstans
2、Mangystau region lies to the northeast. Many visitors crowd to Caspian Sea every year to experience its beauty. FISHINGFishing is a popular pastime and important industry throughout the waters of the Caspian Sea. From the shores of Mangystau in Kazakhstan, it is possible to rent fishing boats or joi
3、n fishing tours to spend a day fishing on the water. SAILINGThe Caspian Sea is filled with boats, ferries and ships. It is a popular way to travel from other major port cities such as Baku in Azerbaijan to Aktau, or down the mighty Volga Canal. Meanwhile, on a smaller scale, boats can be rented from
4、 Aktau for a day on the water. WATER SPORTSThe beaches of Mangystau, lapped by the waters of the Caspian Sea, are the jumping off points for many popular water sports. In the summer months especially, visitors enjoy sunbathing and taking a refreshing dip, while more active holidaymakers can windsurf
5、 and parasail to their hearts delight. 【文章大意】文章介绍了里海沿岸的旅游活动。1. How many countries are there circling around the Caspian sea?A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由it is bordered by Iran to the south, Azerbaijan and Russia to the west and Turkmenistan to the east, while Kazakhstans Mangystau region li
6、es to the northeast得知, 里海沿岸有五个国家。2. What can you do if you want to fish on the sea?A. You can buy your own boat. B. You can employ a local fisher. C. You can rent a fishing boat. D. You can buy fish on the boat. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章提到it is possible to rent fishing boats or join fishing tours to spend a d
7、ay fishing on the water可知, 如果想要捕鱼, 可以租一艘渔船或参加捕鱼旅行, 故选C。3. What will you do if you are a brave person?A. Sunbathing. B. Diving. C. Swimming. D. Windsurfing. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。文中提到more active holidaymakers can windsurf and parasail to their hearts delight 可知, 想冒险的游客如果想进行刺激点的活动, 可以进行帆板运动或帆伞运动。BChildren of H
8、eaven is nearly a perfect movie for both children and adults. The theme of this movie is so universal that there is not a child who will not be wide-eyed with interest and suspense. The film is about a boy who loses his sisters shoes. He takes them to the cobbler(补鞋匠)for repairs, and on the way home
9、, when he stops to pick up vegetables for his mother, a blind trash collector accidentally carries them away. Of course, the boy, named Ali, is afraid to tell his parents. His sister, named Zahra, wants to know how she is supposed to go to school without shoes. The children feverishly write notes to
10、 each other, right under their parents noses. The answer is simple: Zahra will wear Alis sneakers to school every morning, and then run home so that Ali can put them on for his school in the afternoon. But Zahra cannot always run fast enough, and Ali, who is a good student, gets in trouble for being
11、 late to class. And there is a heartbreaking scene where Zahra sadly finds her own precious lost shoes, now on the feet of the ragpickers daughter. The film also has a wonderful scene where Ali and his father bicycle from the shabby and narrow streets and alleys of the old town to the high-rises and
12、 luxury homes where the rich people live. The father hopes for work as a gardener, but he is frightened by the challenge of speaking into the intercoms (对讲机)on the gates of the wealthy. His son jumps in, with offers of cutting, weeding, spraying and trimming. It is a great victory. And then there is
13、 a footrace for the poor children of the district. The winner gets two weeks in a summer camp and other prizes. Ali doesnt care. He wants to place third, because the prize is a new pair of sneakers, which he can give to his sister. The race and its outcome will be as exciting for many kids as anythi
14、ng theyve seen at the movies. Children of Heaven is about a home without unhappiness. Its about a brother and sister who love each other, instead of fighting. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文, 介绍一部伊朗的电影天堂的孩子, 又名小鞋子:生活不富裕的家庭里, 哥哥因为意外搞丢了妹妹唯一的一双鞋子, 接下来两人轮流换穿哥哥的鞋子飞奔着错时上下学, 中间几经周折, 挫折连连, 令人唏嘘不已, 但最终得偿所愿, 体现人性的关怀和温暖。故事告诉我们:
15、贫穷固然不幸, 但兄妹两人互相体恤关爱, 家人之间充满爱心, 简单有爱的生活就是人间天堂。4. Why does the author choose to introduce this film?A. To show his sympathy about the two children. B. To praise a positive life attitude with love and care. C. To expose poverty in the country. D. To criticise the unequal distribution of wealth. 【解析】选B。
16、写作目的题。从电影的内容看, 反映的是伊朗一家穷人的日常生活, 种种细节折射出他们生活上虽然物资匮乏, 但精神富足, 一家人关爱体贴, 兄妹互相扶持, 所以他们某种意义上是幸福的。作者肯定这种积极向上的生活态度, 所以才介绍这部电影。A项作者想表达对两个孩子的同情, 固然有这种因素, 但这不是写作目的;B项肯定充满关爱的积极生活态度才是作者想要传递给我们的思想;C项揭露这个国家的贫穷, 这个家庭的贫困是事实, 但不是文章的重点, 重点是想通过他们的生活告诉我们什么;D项批评财富分布的不均, 世界上任何地方都存在这种现象, 电影并没有着重突出这一点, 所以不是重点。5. Why is the m
17、ovie called Children of Heaven?A. Because the children receive good look-after. B. Because their parents work hard to satisfy their demands. C. Because the children have dreams to fulfill. D. Because the children are poor in life but rich in spirit. 【解析】选D。深层理解题。解析电影的名字, 明明生活贫穷, 好像事事不如意, 却说是生活在天堂, 这
18、不是从他们的物质生活角度出发, 而是着重人们美好的心灵和一家人之间的体贴关爱, 有爱的地方就是天堂。6. Whats the meaning of the underlined word “suspense”in the first paragraph? A. Full of excitement about the future. B. Feel frightened about the cruelty of life. C. Feeling of tenseness about what may happen. D. Be angry about the unfair situation.
19、 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据全文内容, 知道电影既感人至深又悬念不断, 看的人揪心连连, 所以此处表达的应该是:电影的主题思想是普世皆通的, 所以即便是小孩子观看时也会睁大眼睛, 满怀兴趣和悬念。A是对未来充满激动之心, 应该是期待美好事情的发生, 但电影里不都是美好的愿望得以实现;B是对生活的残酷感到害怕, 流于片面, 生活不总如人意, 但幸福就存在于生活的细节之中;C对接下来要发生的事情感到紧张, 这正是观影时的正常反应, 因为不知道剧情会往哪里反转所以才会紧张不安;D对不公平的现象感到愤怒, 就整部电影的主题思想而言, 显然跑偏, 故不对。7. What can we expect
20、about the result of the race?A. Ali realizes his dream and gives his sister the shoes. B. Ali breaks his promise and goes to the summer camp. C. Ali gets the first prize and gives his sister the shoes. D. Zahra gets the third place and wins a pair of shoes. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章倒数第二段说:区里有个跑步比赛, 第三名的奖品是一双鞋
21、子, 阿里对第一名不在乎, 他想要的是一双还给妹妹的鞋子, 故推测他会努力赢得这双鞋子, A项合适。B项从全文来看, 阿里不是一个会违背初衷背叛诺言的人;C项, 因为第一名的奖品是为期两周的夏令营活动和其他奖品, 阿里对此不感兴趣, 所以不会期待这个奖;D项, 从头到尾没有提到他妹妹参加比赛。CWere living in an era of loneliness. Its on the rise in the U. S. According to a recent survey, more than half of Americans qualify as loneliness. And y
22、et, in public spaces, people rarely make eye contact or strike up conversations. If this sounds like you, theres a good reason to kick your unaccompanied habit. You might be happier if you start talking to strangers. In a new paper, researchers tried to figure this out by studying people commuting i
23、nto Chicago on the train. Some commuters were given an assignment for commute: They were asked to either strike up a conversation with a stranger, actively avoid contact with other people, or do whatever happened naturally. Afterward, the commuters mailed the researchers a questionnaire evaluating t
24、heir experience. The researchers compared these responses to responses from a second group of commuters who were just asked to imagine striking up a conversation with a stranger, avoiding other people, or commuting normally. It turned out that commuters who chatted with strangers in real life had th
25、e most pleasurable commutesbut when commuters imagined this experience, they pictured it as uncomfortable and rated it as the worst of the three commute approaches. This pattern of results demonstrates a severe misunderstanding of the psychological consequences of social engagement, Nicholas Epley &
26、 Juliana Schroeder write. This misunderstanding is especially unfortunate given the average Americans longing for social connection and the fact that data suggests commuting is the worst part of most peoples day. You might think that we choose to be separate because our memories of past encounters w
27、ith strangers tend to be negative, but that doesnt seem to be the case. As part of the study, the researchers asked commuters to imagine a positive conversation, a negative conversation, and simply“a conversation” with a stranger. The commuters didnt imagine the last one as especially negative. The
28、authors suggest that instead, we choose loneliness on our commutes out of a fear of rejection. Study participants reported an interest in talking to strangers, but they didnt think it was reciprocated. They think the chance of successfully striking up a conversation as around 50-50. According to all
29、 the data the researchers gathered, however, an attempt at connection was basically guaranteed to succeed. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文, 越来越多的人会感到孤独, 很少在公共场合与他人交谈, 一项新的研究以芝加哥地铁上通勤的乘客为对象, 结果表明与陌生人聊天能够使通勤变得愉快, 我们之所以在通勤途中选择独处是因为害怕被拒绝, 害怕得不到回应, 而研究数据表明, 只要试图交流基本都能成功。8. How did the commuters present their experience to
30、 the researchers?A. By taking photos. B. By writing a journal. C. By shooting a short video. D. By mailing a questionnaire. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。从文章第二段“the commuters mailed the researchers a questionnaire evaluating their experience. ”可知通勤的乘客将一份评估他们体验的问卷调查寄给研究人员, 故答案为D项。9. According to the research, who wil
31、l most enjoy their commutes?A. Those who talk with strangers in reality. B. Those who have an interest in gossiping. C. Those who have an imaginary talk with others. D. Those who avoid making any social connections. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。从文章第三段“It turned out that commuters who chatted with strangers in real
32、life had the most pleasurable commutes”结果证明那些在现实生活中与陌生人聊天的通勤乘客的通勤最愉快, 故答案为A项。10. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “reciprocated” in the last paragraph?A. Ignored. B. Approved. C. Responded. D. Thought. 【解析】选C。词义推测题。从文章最后一段“They think the chance of successfully striking up
33、a conversation as around 50-50. ” 他们认为成功聊天的概率是50%可知, 他们认为聊天不会被回应, 故答案为C项。11. What does the research suggest?A. Few people have an interest in talking to strangers. B. An attempt to start a conversation basically succeeds. C. People consider it almost impossible to strike a conversation. D. People pr
34、efer to be solitary due to the negative past memories. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。文章最后一段最后一句“According to all the data the researchers gathered, however, an attempt at connection was basically guaranteed to succeed. ”根据研究人员收集的数据显示, 只要你试图去交流, 基本都能成功, 可知答案为B项。DNASA is asking people to help it label thousands of pho
35、tos from Mars. The labels will be used to train a computer system to recognize different surfaces on Mars. This will help NASA drive its rovers (漫游车)safely for longer periods of time. Learning more about the makeup of the land on Mars is very important for protecting NASAs rovers on the red planet.
36、In 2009, a rover called Spirit got stuck in a sand trap on Mars and never managed to get out. NASAs Curiosity Rover has been on Mars for eight years. It has sent back hundreds of thousands of pictures, as well as information that has helped scientists get a much better understanding of what Mars is
37、really like. But Curiosity faces a problemits wheels are wearing out, and theres no chance of getting them replaced. To make the wheels last as long as possible, NASA needs to get even better at identifying different kinds of Mars ground surfaces, so it can choose smooth paths for Curiosity. The spa
38、ce agency is asking ordinary people to help it label thousands of photos from Mars. The labels will be used to train an artificial intelligence computer program to identify different kinds of ground surfaces on Mars. NASA is working with Zooniverse, a website that allows scientists to get help from
39、large groups of ordinary people. The two have set up a special site called AI4Mars. Visitors to the site are taught how to identify different kinds of ground on Mars. There are four different categories: sand, soil, large flat rocks, and big rocks rising out of the ground. Then visitors are asked to
40、 draw outlines on pictures of Mars, and label the outlined areas. So far, the project is about 34% complete. Nearly 4, 000 volunteers have labeled around 140, 000 areas in photos of Mars. 【文章大意】美国宇航局要求人们帮助它标记数千张来自火星的照片。这些标签将用于训练计算机系统来识别火星上的不同表面, 这将有助于美国宇航局的火星漫游车更安全、更持久地使用。12. Why are people asked to
41、 help label Mars?A. To learn about the surfaces of Mars. B. To help NASA reduce heavy burden. C. To protect NASAs rovers on Mars. D. To save the rovers trapped in sand. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段可知, 美国宇航局要求人们帮助标记火星照片是为了保护火星上的漫游车。故选C。13. What is intended to show by mentioning Spirit rover in Paragraph 2?A. I
42、nformation about the ground surfaces on Mars. B. Importance of knowing about the surfaces on Mars. C. Dangers of NASAs rovers on Mars. D. Big losses of NASAs rovers on Mars. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。文中第二段提到2009年一辆名为“精神”的火星漫游车被困在火星上的沙坑里, 再也没有成功走出, 目的就是要证明本段第一句话“Learning more about the makeup of the land on Mars
43、is very important for protecting NASAs rovers on the red planet. ” 更多地了解火星上的陆地构成对于保护美国宇航局在火星上的漫游车非常重要。故选B。14. What can we infer about the project of labeling Mars from the last paragraph?A. It is easy. B. It is rewarding. C. It is time-consuming. D. It is demanding. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“So far, th
44、e project is about 34% complete. Nearly 4, 000 volunteers have labeled around 140, 000 areas in photos of Mars. ”可推断出, 这项工程是耗时的。故选C。15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Ordinary People Identify Ground Surfaces on MarsB. NASA is Working With ZooniverseC. Volunteers Are Labeling MarsD. NAS
45、A Wants Help in Labeling Mars【解析】选D。标题归纳题。根据全文大意, 尤其首段第一句话“NASA is asking people to help it label thousands of photos from Mars”可知D选项适合本文标题。. 阅读填句Do you have a hard time remembering what you read? 1. You may have just read the text, but the ideas, concepts and images may fly right out of your head.
46、Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read. Are you confused?If the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, you probably wont be able to remember what you read. Its a bit like reading something in a foreign language. If you dont understand what youre reading, how would you rem
47、ember it? 2 You can use a dictionary or ask peers for help. 3Does a character remind you of a friend? Does the setting make you want to visit the place? Does the book inspire you, and make you want to explore more? As for some books, you may feel a connection right away. But other books require a bi
48、t more work on your part. How willing are you to make the connections happen? Read it, hear it and be it. Read the lines. Then, speak them out loud. And, put some characters into the words. When he was writing his novels, Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters. Hed make faces in t
49、he mirror, and change his voice for each character. 4 How often do you read?If you read frequently, youll probably have an easier time with remembering what youre reading and what youve read. 5 As you make reading a regular part of your life, youll make more connections, stay more focused and unders
50、tand the text better. Youll learn to enjoy literature as you remember what you read. A. Are you connected?B. Practice makes perfect. C. Ask yourself questions. D. Actions speak louder than words. E. Memory is sometimes a tricky thing. F. But there are a few things that can help you. G. You can do th
51、e same thing when you are reading the text. 【文章大意】本文讲述的是记住阅读内容的技巧。1. 【解析】选E。过渡句。承上启下, “a tricky thing”对应着下文的“刚读完, 就记不住大意等”。故选E。2. 【解析】选F。过渡句。如果不理解, 怎么记住呢?和下文的“有一些帮手”, 构成转折关系, “a few things”对应着下文的“use a dictionary or. . . ”。故选F。3. 【解析】选A。主旨句。下文中用三个疑问句, 引出读者是否会通过人物角色、背景等与书产生联系?下文的 “you may feel a conn
52、ection. . . ”“How willing are you to make the connections happen?”也体现了“connection”, 故选A。4. 【解析】选G。细节句。“Charles Dickens would act out. . . ”和“Hed make faces in the mirror, and change. . . ”对应着“do the same thing”。故选G。【易错提醒】D选项是干扰项, Actions speak louder than words. 意为:事实胜于雄辩。放在这里不合适, 所以排除D选项。5. 【解析】选B。过渡句。这段小标题“How often do you read?”, 第一句“If you read frequently, youll. . . ”和下文的“As you make reading a regular part of your life, . . . ”都在强调阅读的频率, 所以用“熟能生巧”来承上启下。故选B。