1、Unit5 FirstaidSection Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending单词注释 难句剖析 导读诱思 FirstAidKitsA first aid kit is a collection of supplies and equipment for use in giving first aid,and can be put together for the purpose by an individual or organization.There is a wide variation1 in the contents of fi
2、rst aid kits based on the knowledge and experience of those putting it together,and the differing first aid requirements of the area where it may be used.单词注释 难句剖析 导读诱思 The international standard for first aid kits is that they should be identified2 with the ISO graphical3 symbol for first aid which
3、 is an equal white cross on a green background,although many kits do not meet this standard.A first aid kit,kept within easy reach,is a necessity in every home.Having supplies gathered ahead of time will help you handle an emergency at a moments notice.You should keep one first aid kit in your home
4、and one in each car.Also be sure to bring a first aid kit on family vacations.You can purchase a first aid kit at drugstores4 or a local Red Cross office,or make one of your own.If you decide to make one,choose containers for your kits that are roomy,durable,easy to carry,and simple to open.Plastic
5、boxes or containers for storing art supplies are ideal,since theyre lightweight,have handles,and offer a lot of space.单词注释 难句剖析 导读诱思 1.variation n.变化;变动2.identify v.鉴定;一致3.graphical adj.绘成图画似的,绘画的4.drugstore n.药店单词注释 难句剖析 导读诱思 There is a wide variation in the contents of first aid kits based on the
6、knowledge and experience of those putting it together,and the differing first aid requirements of the area where it may be used.译文:急救箱内的物品有着很大的不同,这要以人们的知识和经历,以及急救箱可能用到的地区的急救需求为依据。剖析:本句中的过去分词短语 based on the knowledge and.作状语;where 引导的从句 where it may be used 在句子中作定语,修饰先行词 the area。单词注释 难句剖析 导读诱思 1.Wha
7、t is a first aid kit used to do?2.Where can we purchase first aid kits?答案:1.It is used to give first aid when an emergency happens.2.We can purchase them at drugstores or a local Red Cross office.一 二 三 四 五 Pre-reading 一、当我们见到意外发生的时候,可以采取哪些措施1.2.3.4.5.答案:略XIINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 首 页 ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究
8、一 二 三 四 五 二、翻译下列短语A.温故:从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思1.act as 2.prevent.from doing sth 3.sense of touch 4.get burned 5.a variety of B.知新:从文中找出与下列释义相对应的英文1.生病 2.在适当的位置 3.触电;电休克 4.急救 5.榨出;挤出 6.反复;多次 一 二 三 四 五 答案:A.1.担当;起作用 2.阻止做某事 3.触觉4.被烧伤 5.多种多样B.1.fall ill 2.in place 3.electric shock 4.first aid5.squeeze out
9、6.over and over again一 二 三 四 五 While-reading 三、阅读课文 FIRSTAIDFORBURNS,按照正确的顺序排列下列话题 the three types of burns what to do if someone gets burned the functions of the skin the symptoms of burns how we get burned 答案:3,5,1,4,2一 二 三 四 五 四、阅读课文 FIRSTAIDFORBURNS,回答下列问题1.What is your bodys largest organ?A.The
10、 head.B.The skin.C.The leg.D.The arm.2.How many types of burns are there altogether?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.3.Burns caused by hot liquids are usually thought to be .A.first degree burnsB.second degree burnsC.third degree burnsD.the most severe burns一 二 三 四 五 4.What are characteristics of first de
11、gree burns?A.Black and white and charred.B.Rough,red and swollen.C.Rough,red and dry.D.Dry,red and mildly swollen.5.When someone is burned,what should be done first?A.Remove clothing.B.Dry the burned area gently.C.Cool burns immediately.D.Get the victim to the doctor or hospital.答案:1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5
12、.A一 二 三 四 五 Post-reading 五、阅读课文 FIRSTAIDFORBURNS,完成下列表格(每空最多三个词)The role of the skin It acts as a(n)1.against disease,poisons and the suns harmful rays.Causes of burns You can get burned by 2.things.Types of burns First degree burns Second degree burns Third degree burns 一 二 三 四 五 Examples of burns
13、3.sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan,stove or iron for a moment Severe sunburn and burns caused by hot liquids Burns caused by 4.,burning clothes,or severe petrol fires Characteristics of burns Dry,red and mildly 5.;mildly painful;turn white when pressed Rough,red and swollen;blisters;wa
14、tery surface;extremely painful Black and white and charred;swollen;little or no pain if nerves are 6.一 二 三 四 五 7.for burns Remove clothing using 8.if necessary.Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water.Place cool,clean,wet cloths on the burned area.Dry the burned area gently.Cover the burne
15、d area with a dry,clean 9.Keep burns on arms or legs 10.than the heart;let the victim sit up if burns are on the face.Get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once if the injuries are second or third degree burns.答案:1.barrier 2.a variety of 3.Mild 4.electric shocks 5.swollen 6.damaged 7.First aid
16、 treatment 8.scissors 9.bandage 10.higherZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91.Firstaidisatemporaryformofhelpgiventosomeonewhosuddenlyfallsillorgetsinjuredbeforeadoctorcanbefound.急救是在找到医生之前,对突然病倒或受伤人员的一种临时救助。本句中 before 引导的是一个时间状语从句,在主句中还包含了一个由 who 引导的定语从句。考点一:aidn.&vt.帮助;援助;
17、资助I believe they will come to our aid.我相信他们会来帮助我们。归纳:词组 cometoonesaid 的含义是“来帮助某人”Were collecting money in aid of cancer research.我们正筹集资金以资助癌症研究。归纳:词组 inaidof 的含义是“用以援(资)助,作为援(资)助之用”The people all over the world aided them with money,medicine and other things.全世界人民在金钱、药品和其他物品方面援助他们。归纳:词组 aidsbwithsth
18、 的含义是“在某方面帮助某人”ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及意义We may travel with the aid of a good map.=We may travel with a good maps aid.我们可以靠一幅好地图旅游。搭配:with the aid of sb/sth=with sbs/sths aid 意义:在某人/某物的帮助下It is necessary to learn how to give/do first aid.学习如
19、何进行急救是必要的。搭配:give/do first aid 意义:(对伤患者)进行急救 They aided(us)in solving the problem.他们帮着(我们)解决了这个问题。搭配:aid sb in doing sth 意义:帮助某人做某事 ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 92)辨析:aid 与 help相同点:aid 与 help 作名词时,都有“帮助”之意,有时可通用。不同点:aid 是比较正式的用法,较为庄重,在日常生活中不多用;help 则含义较广,特别用于日常生活中。但在表示
20、“救护”时,用 aid 不用 help。考点二:fallill 生病The famous actor fellill because of that long journey.那位著名演员由于那次漫长的旅行生病了。ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及意义So tired was he that he fell asleep soon.他太累了,很快就入睡了。搭配:fall asleep 意义:入睡 All of the students fell silent af
21、ter the teacher came in.老师进来之后,所有的学生都沉默了。搭配:fall silent 意义:沉默 2)阅读下列句子,指出 fallill 与 beill 的不同用法When did he fallill?他什么时候生的病?fall ill 表示生病的动作,不能和一段时间连用。How long has he beenill?他病了多久了?be ill 表示生病的状态,常和一段时间连用。ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 语法填空1)IhaventseenTomrecently.Wha
22、tswrongwithhim?Oh,Imsorrytotellyouhehas illforthreedays.翻译句子2)我打算帮助她学习英语。(aid)答案:1)been2)ImgoingtoaidherwithEnglish./ImgoingtoaidherinlearningEnglish.即学即用ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 92.Ifpossible,discusswhatkindoffirstaidyoushouldgiveinthesesituations.如果可能的话,讨论一下在这些情况
23、下你们应该实施哪种急救。ifpossible 为省略句结构,完整的句子是 Ifitispossible。另外,由once,if,as,unless,though,when 等引导的状语从句,如果主句主语和从句主语一致,且从句中谓语动词是be+v.-ed或v.-ing时,其从句结构可省略为连词加v.-ed 或 v.-ing。Call me tonight if(it is)possible.如果可能的话今晚给我打个电话。Whenever(it is)possible,he will come to my aid.他一有可能就来帮助我。When(I was)waiting for a bus,I
24、met Tom.我在等公交车时碰到了汤姆。ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 语法填空1)Howaretheygettingonwiththeirwork?Allgoeswellas (plan).句型转换2)Ifitispossible,youshouldoftenpayavisittoyouroldparents.,youshouldoftenpayavisittoyouroldparents.即学即用翻译句子3)如果有必要的话,我们可以向他求助。答案:1)planned 2)If possible 3
25、)If necessary,we may/can turn to him for help.ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 93.Youhavethreelayersofskinwhichactasabarrieragainstdisease,poisonsandthesunsharmfulrays.皮肤有三层,它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。句中的 which 引导定语从句,修饰 threelayersofskin。考点:poisonn.毒药;毒害 vt.毒害;使中毒It is a de
26、adly poison and if he drank it hed probably die.这是一种致命的毒药,他要是喝下去很可能会丧命。高考典句(2010广东高考)The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.食物中毒的症状通常在吃下有毒的食物几小时之内开始。Large sections of the river have been poisoned by toxic(有毒的)waste from factories.工厂的有毒废弃物污染了大面积的河流。ZHONG
27、NAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义Jealousy poisoned their friendship.嫉妒破坏了他们的友谊。词性:动词 含义:破坏This kind of plant has poisonous roots.这种植物的根有毒。词性:形容词 含义:有毒的ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 语法填空1)Heis (poison)byeatingrottenmeat.用 po
28、ison 的适当形式填空2)Gasesfromcarsare theairofourcities.3)Hisdoghasbeen todeath.4)Thismedicineis iftakeninlargequantities.答案:1)poisoned 2)poisoning 3)poisoned 4)poisonous即学即用ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 94.Soasyoucanimagine,ifyourskingetsburneditcanbeveryserious.因此,你可以想象到,如果你
29、的皮肤烧伤了,就可能非常严重。本句是一个复合句,asyoucanimagine 是一个插入语。As you can imagine,our life will be better and better.你可以想象到,我们的生活将越来越好。if 引导的是一个条件状语从句,其中 getburned 是“系动词+过去分词”的结构。“get+过去分词”的用法:get 被用来代替助动词 be 和过去分词连用,构成被动结构,表示某一事件或事故的发生,着重强调动作的发生。常见于以下两种情况:ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
30、 9a.谈论某人或某物的客观遭遇,往往表示一种突然的、未曾料到的偶发事件或事故。b.谈论设法或终于做到令人称心的事,说话者带有较强的感情色彩。The dog got killed when it was crossing the road.那条狗过马路时被车撞死了。She got(herself)paid before she went on a holiday.她在休假前(设法)领到了工资。ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 语法填空1)Constructionworkersusuallyget (pay
31、)bytheday.2)Jane,hurryup.Imafraidyouwonthavetimetoget (change)beforetheparty.3)hasalreadybeenpointedout,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.答案:1)paid 2)changed 3)As即学即用ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 95.Youcangetburnedbyavarietyofthings:hotliquids,steam,fire,radiation(bybeingclos
32、etohighheatorfire,etc),thesun,electricityorchemicals.你可能由于各种原因而被烧伤:灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。考点一:varietyn.变化;多样(化);多变(性)高考典句(2014江苏高考)How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?对于即将在南京举行的青年奥运会你了解多少?Well,the media have covered it in a variety of forms.哦,媒体已经以多
33、种形式报道过。At school we learn varieties of things.在学校我们学习各种东西。归纳:varietiesof=avarietyof,含义是“各种各样的”。We should give variety to this program.我们应该使这个节目丰富多彩。归纳:givevarietytosth 含义是“使某物丰富多彩”。ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义He likes collecting various coins.他喜
34、欢收集各种各样的硬币。词性:形容词 含义:各种各样的Prices vary according to the type of room you require.价格随你要求的户型而有所变化。词性:动词 含义:改变/不同考点二:closeto 靠近;接近高考典句(2014四川高考)Stay closeto your teacher and classmate.靠近你的老师和同学。I live closeto the post office.我住的地方离邮局近。归纳:closeto 常与 get,live,be 等动词连用,其中 close 可以是形容词,也可以是副词。ZHONGNAN TIANJ
35、IU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的意义The cost was closeto$1 million.成本将近 100 万美元。意义:接近于/差不多He looks much older when you see him closeto.从近处看,他显得苍老多了。意义:从近处ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 语法填空1)Moreandmorepeoplechoosetoshopinasupermarketasit
36、offersagreatvariety goods.2)Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestoodclose hermother.3)Thereare (variety)ofplantsinthegarden.4)Theirhobbiesaremanyand (variety).5)There (be)avarietyofbooksinthelibrary.6)Thevarietyofgoodsinthisshop (be)rich.翻译句子7)你可以用许多不同的方法去做这件事。答案:1)of 2)to 3)varieties 4)var
37、ious 5)are6)is 7)Youcandoitinavarietyof/varietiesof/variousways.即学即用ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 96.Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。考点一:unlessconj.如果不,除非高考典句(2014全国大纲卷)Unless some extra money is found,t
38、he theatre will close.如果找不到额外的钱,剧院就要倒闭了。Unless you change your mind,I wont be able to help you.=If you dont change your mind,I wont be able to help you.除非你改变想法,否则我不能帮助你。You should keep working unless I tell you to stop.=You should keep working if I dont tell you to stop.除非我叫你停,否则你就得继续干。ZHONGNAN TIAN
39、JIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9考点延伸unless 不可用于假想的事情,因此当if.not引导非真实条件状语从句时一般不用 unless 替换。If you hadnt helped me,I would have been killed in the accident.如果你不帮我,我就会在事故中丧生。(虚拟语气,不能用 unless 改写)考点二:stickto 坚持;固守Stickto your principles.坚持你的原则。Everyone shall stickto his word.每个人都应该信守诺言。ZHO
40、NGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 语法填空1)Thegovernmentnever (stick)toitspoliciesuntilthenewpresidentcametopower.2)Perhapsyoushouldstick writing,foryoureallyhaveagiftforit.3)Youwillneversucceed youworkhard.4)Youcanuseourofficeequipment necessary.答案:1)stuck 2)to 3)unless 4)if即学
41、即用ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 97.Holdthebandageinplacewithtape.用胶布把绷带固定。考点:inplace 在适当的位置Please put everything inplace.请把所有东西放在适当的位置。Marys dress was quite inplace at the ceremony.玛丽的礼服非常适合那个典礼。ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑
42、体词的搭配及意义Plastics are often used in place of wood or metal.塑料经常被用来代替木材或金属。搭配:in place of 意义:代替 Everything in the room is out of place.房间里所有的东西都移了位。搭配:out of place 意义:在不适当的位置 The 2016 Olympic Games will take place in Rio de Janeiro.2016 年奥运会将在里约热内卢举行。搭配:take place 意义:发生/举行 Do you think the Internet ca
43、n take the place of newspapers?=Do you think the Internet can be in newspapersplace?你认为因特网能代替报纸吗?搭配:take the place of=be in ones place 意义:代替;替代 ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 用 place 相关短语的适当形式填空1)Helenlikestohaveeverything inherroom.2)Beingpoor,hefelt amongtheserichpeo
44、ple.3)Nyloniswidelyused cottonnowadays.4)Assoonashe ,themeetingbegan.5)Greatchangeshave inmycityinthepastyears.单句改错6)Whenheisaway,myfriendwilltakeplaceofhim.答案:1)inplace 2)outofplace 3)inplaceof 4)tookhisplace 5)takenplace 6)在 take 后加 the即学即用ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
45、8 98.Iftheinjuriesaresecondorthirddegreeburns,itisvitaltogetthevictimtothedoctororhospitalatonce.如果属于二度或三度烧伤,就必须立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院。句中 it 是形式主语,真正的主语是 togetthevictim.atonce。it经常用来代替不定式或从句,作形式主语或形式宾语。阅读下列句子,指出句子的主语,并译成汉语。It is impossible to make him change his mind.主语:to make him change his mind 翻译:让他改变主
46、意是不可能的。It worried her a lot that her son didnt say much at home recently.主语:her son didnt say much at home recently 翻译:近来她的儿子在家很少说话,这让她很担心。考点:vitaladj.极其重要的;必不可少的;生死攸关的ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9高考典句(2014浙江高考)Punctuality is vital,something that comes from a deep res
47、pect for others time.守时很重要,它源自对他人时间的尊重。The heart performs a vital bodily function.心脏起着维持生命的重要作用。考点延伸vital 如果用于主语从句,即“Itisvitalthat.”,此时主语从句必须使用虚拟语气,即 should+动词原形,should 可以省略。类似的形容词还有essential,necessary,important,natural 等。It was vital that the children(should)learn how to operate the computers.孩子们学会
48、如何操作电脑是极其重要的。ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 语法填空1)Idappreciate ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.2)Itisvitalthatyou (keep)calminfaceofdanger.答案:1)it 2)keep/shouldkeep即学即用ZHONGNAN TIANJIU重难探究 首 页 XINGZHI DAOXUE新知导学 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 99.Sambroketheblistersandpoure
49、dicywaterfromthefridgeontotheskin.山姆把水泡弄破,然后把冰箱里的冷水浇在皮肤上。考点:pourvt.&vi.倒;灌;注;涌She poured herself another cup of tea.她为自己又倒了一杯茶。The crowd poured out of the concert hall.人群从音乐厅涌出来。It was pouring all night.倾盆大雨下了一夜。考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的含义They have poured money into the tourist industry.他们把钱大量投入了旅游业。含义:大量投入1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 语法填空1)Justasusual,theworkers (pour)outofthefactoryandwenthome.翻译句子2)王力脸上汗如雨下。3)血从伤口处涌出。答案:1)poured2)SweatpouredfromWangLisface.3)Bloodpouredoutofthewound.即学即用