1、课时作业32语法精练九情态动词和虚拟语气1(2010课标全国)Just be patient.You _ expect the world to change so soon.AcantBneedntCmay not Dwill not解析考查情态动词。句意：耐心点，你不能指望这个世界会很快发生变化。根据题意可知应该选择A项，表示“不能，不会”。其他选项均与题意不符。答案A2(2010全国)Im afraid Mr.Harding _see you now.Hes busy.Acant BmustntCshouldnt Dneednt解析考查情态动词。句意为“恐怕Harding先生现在不能见你
2、，他很忙”。can有表示可能性的用法，但cant在这里意思是“不能；无法”。mustnt“不许”，表禁止；shouldnt“不应该”；neednt“不必”。答案A3(2010江苏)I havent got the reference book yet，but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry.You _have it by Friday.Acould BshallCmust Dmay解析考查情态动词。could表示“能够”；must表示“必须”；may表示“可能；可以”，均不合句意。shall此处表示允诺，符合句意，此处意
3、为“到星期五你会得到的”。答案B4(2010山东)I _have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams.Ashouldnt BneedntCcouldnt Dmustnt解析考查情态动词。对过去发生的事情的推测，否定句和疑问句用can have done的形式；肯定句中表示“一定发生了”用must have done的形式；shouldnt have done“本不应该做某事而做了”，表示与过去事实相反；neednt have done“本没有必要做某事而实际上做了”。句意为“我本不应该去看那部电影这会让我做可怕的梦”。由句意可知，A项正
4、确。答案A5(2010安徽)Jack described his father，who _a brave boy many years ago，as a strongwilled man.Awould be Bwould have beenCmust be Dmust have been解析考查情态动词。句中包含一个关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句，由定语从句中的时间状语many years ago，可知此处应是对过去发生动作的肯定的推测，故用“must have done”结构，理解为“(过去)一定”。答案D6(2010天津)Mark _have hurried.After drivin
5、g at top speed，he arrived half an hour early.Aneednt BwouldntCmustnt Dcouldnt解析考查情态动词。句意：马克本没必要那么匆忙的。在高速行车后，他早到了半小时。neednt have done“本没有必要做，但实际上做了”。故A项正确。答案A7(2010湖南)You _buy a gift，but you can if you want to.Amust BmustntChave to Ddont have to解析考查情态动词。must和have to都有“必须”之意，但是must表示说话者的主观看法，have to表示
6、客观需要。mustnt意思是“禁止，不许”；dont have to意思是“不需要；不必”。句意：你不需要买礼物，但是你想买的话也可以买。故只有D项符合题意。答案D8(2010陕西)May I take this book out of the reading room?No，you _.You read it in here.Amightnt BwontCneednt Dmustnt解析考查情态动词。mightnt“可能不”；wouldnt“不愿意”；neednt“不需要”；mustnt“禁止，不许”。由句意“我可以把这本书带出阅览室吗？不，你_。你在这儿读。”可知，此处表示“禁止，不许”。
7、故只有D项正确。答案D9(2010浙江)“You _have a wrong number.”she said.“Theres no one of that name here.”Aneed BcanCmust Dwould解析考查情态动词的推测性用法。根据题中“Theres no one of that name here.”可知，说话人肯定地推断出对方拨错了号码，表示非常有把握的推测要用must。答案C10(2010辽宁)Doctors say that exercise is important for health，but it _ be regular exercise.Acan B
8、willCmust Dmay解析考查情态动词。can意为“能够；可以”；will意为“将要；情愿”；must意为“必须；一定”；may意为“可能；可以”。句意：医生们说，锻炼对身体很重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。故选C项。 答案C11(2010北京)Good morning.Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.Ah，good morning.You_be Mrs.Peters.Amight BmustCwould Dcan解析考查情态动词。根据上文的内容，第二个人作出判断“你一定就是Mrs.Pet
9、ers”。must用于肯定句，表示的猜测基本接近于事实；might表猜测时，意为“可能，也许”，可能性较小；would表推测时，意为“也许，大概”；can表推测常用于疑问句和否定句，一般不用于肯定句。答案B12(2010江西)I have told you the truth._I keep repeating it?AMust BCanCMay DWill解析考查情态动词。句意：我已告知你真相。一定要我一直重复吗？must必定，必须，can可能，may可以，will愿意，将。答案A13(2010重庆)You _park here！Its an emergency exit.Awouldnt
10、BneedntCcouldnt Dmustnt解析考查情态动词。wouldnt表示“不愿意；(过去)不常”；neednt表示“不必”；couldnt表示“不能够”；mustnt表示“绝对不可；禁止”。根据后面“这是应急出口”判断应选D项，表示“你绝不能在这里停车”。答案D14(2010天津)John went to the hospital alone.If he _me about it，I would have gone with him.Ashould tell BtellsCtold Dhad told解析考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰一个人去医院了。如果他告诉我的话，我就会陪他去的。根据句
11、意可知这与过去的客观事实相反。如果从句表示与过去的事实相反，其时态应为过去完成时。故D项正确。答案D15(2010福建)Teachers recommend parents _their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.Anot allow Bdo not allowCmustnt allow Dcouldnt allow解析考查虚拟语气。recommend作“建议”解，后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词用“should动词原形”的虚拟语气形式，should可以省略。故选A项。答案A16(2010北京)The weathe
12、r has been very hot and dry.Yes.If it had rained even a drop，things would be much better now！And my vegetables_.Awouldnt die Bdidnt dieChadnt died Dwouldnt have died解析考查虚拟语气。句意：甚至如果下一滴雨，现在情况也会好得多！我的蔬菜也不会死掉。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气时，主句的谓语动词通常用would/wouldnt have done。答案D17(2010浙江)Had I known about this computer
13、 program，a huge amount of time and energy_.Awould have been saved Bhad been savedCwill be saved Dwas saved解析考查虚拟语气。句意：如果当初我了解这个电脑程序的话，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。if引导的虚拟语气从句如果去掉if，则可以将had/were/should提到主语前面。分析该句结构及含义可知，这里是与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以答案为A项。答案A18(2009福建)But for the help of my English teacher，I _the first prize in
14、 the English Writing Competition.Awould not win Bwould not have wonCwould win Dwould have won解析but for“要不是”，是一个隐含条件句，“获奖”的事情发生在过去的比赛当中，所以与过去情况相反的虚拟语气的主句部分用would/should/couldhave done，因此B项正确。答案B19(2009天津)This printer is of good quality.If it _break down within the first year，we would repair it at our
15、 expense.Awould BshouldCcould Dmight解析should此处是表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。should此处意为“万一”。句意：这台打印机质量很好。如果一年之内出故障的话，我们免费维修。答案B20(2009山东)Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think we _ it without you.Acan manage Bcould have managedCcould manage Dcan have managed解析第二句意为“如果没有你的话，我想我们不可能设法完成”。could have
16、done在此处表示对过去的虚拟假设。without you相当于一个隐含条件句。答案B21(2009全国)I cant leave.She told me that I _stay here until she comes back.Acan BmustCwill Dmay解析句意：我不能离开。她对我说过，我得在这里待到她回来。can表示能力或许可；must表示必须；will表示意愿；may表示许可。根据语境可知，选项B合适。答案B22(2009安徽)Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they_just
17、 be quiet people.Amust BmayCshould Dwould解析考查情态动词表示推测的用法。句意：一些不喜欢多说话的人不一定就害羞，他们可能只是安静的人。may“或许，可能”；must“一定”；should“应该”；would“过去总是”。答案B23(2009辽宁)The traffic is heavy these days，I _ arrive a bit late，so could you save me a place? Acan BmustCneed Dmight解析句意：这些天交通很拥挤。我可能迟到，因此请给我留个位子好吗？四个选项中，只有might表示“可能
18、”，用于肯定句。答案D24(2009海南、宁夏，全国)What do you mean，there are only ten tickets？There _be twelve.Ashould Bwould Cwill Dshall解析句意：你是什么意思，只有10张票？应该有12张啊。should“应该”；would“将会”；will“将要”；shall一般用于第一人称表示“意愿”。根据语境，应选A项。答案A25(2009浙江)The doctor recommended that you_swim after eating a large meal.Awouldnt Bcouldnt Cnee
19、dnt Dshouldnt解析句意：医生建议说在吃过饱饭后不要游泳。recommend作“建议”解，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“should(not)动词原形”。答案D1(2010天津质检)My suggestion is that you_ much meat.Awouldnt take Bshall not takeCnot have Dwont have解析当suggest或suggestion为“建议”的意思时，与其有关的从句就要用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”，should可以省略。答案C2(2010安徽芜湖调研)If human beings had been a
20、bit less greedy and cruel，more birds and animals_dying out.Aought to avoidBcould have been avoidedCshould have avoidedDmight have avoided解析句意：如果人类少点贪婪少点残忍，更多的鸟类和动物就有可能免于灭绝。这里考查的是对过去情况的假设，从句用had done，主句用would/could/might have done。avoid“避免”，其后接doing时没有被动语态。答案D3(2010陕西西安分科质检)The welldressed lady was c
21、aught stealing in the fashion shop.Strangely enough，she_have done such a thing.Awould BmustCshould Dmight解析根据题干中的Strangely enough可知，这里应该用should，表示惊讶，可译为“竟然”。答案C4(2010浙江嘉兴摸底)Marys score on the test is the highest in her class.Really？She _have studied very hard.Amay Bought toCmust Dshould解析may have do
22、ne“可能已经”；ought to have done“本应该”；must have done“一定曾，一定已经”；should have done“本应该”。句意：玛丽的考试成绩是全班最高的。真的吗？她一定很努力了。故选C项。答案C5(2010北京海淀期末练习)If you _to my birthday party last Saturday，you would have met our old friend Jim.Oh，what a pity!Acame Bhad comeCwould come Dwould have come解析从语意分析，这是非真实条件句中对过去状况的虚拟，主句谓
23、语用should/would/could/might have done，条件句用过去完成时态，答案应该选B项。答案B6(2010福建龙岩质检一)“Attention，please.Whoever can answer one of my questions_receive a prize.”the teacher said in class.Amight BshallCshould Dwould解析shall用于第二和第三人称时，可以表示警告、命令、允诺、威胁等语气；might表示可能性很小；should表示“应该(义务性)”；would表示意志(意愿)。这里选B项表示允诺。答案B7(201
24、0浙江温州十校联合体模拟)Where is Lucy?I cant say where she is，but she _have gone to meet her classmates，for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.Acan BshouldCmust Dmay解析这里表示对过去状况的推断，用“情态动词have done”。从前面的“我不确定她在哪里”可知，用may have done，表示“过去可能已经做了”(不确定)。must have done表示“过去一定做了”(非常确定)；can have done用在否定句和
25、疑问句中，should have done表示“过去本该做(实际却没做)”。答案D8(2010安徽皖南八校第二次联考)When shall we meet your cousin at the station?His plane took off 2 hours ago，and it _reach at 5 pm.Ashould BcouldCmust Dcan解析should的意思是“应该会，可能”，在这里表示对将来的推测，预期会答案A9(2010黑龙江哈尔滨质检)Dont play with the dog，Jack，for it _be dangerous at times.Ashall
26、 BshouldCcan Dmust解析句意：杰克，不要逗狗玩，因为狗有时可能是危险的。can在此表示理论上的可能性，其他三项则无此意，故选C项。答案C10(2010东北四校联考)_your paper carefully, some mistakes could have been avoided.AIf you had checked BIf you have checkedCHaving checked DCheck解析句意：如果你仔细检查试卷的话，一些错误就有可能避免。根据句意可知是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件状语从句应用had done的结构，主句谓语动词是could/woul
27、d/should/mighthave done的结构，故选A项。答案A11(2010上海春招)It is important to know about the cultural differences that _cause problems.Amust BdareCneed Dmay解析句意：了解一些可能会引起问题的文化差异，这很重要。may“可能”；must“一定，必须”；dare作情态动词常用在否定句与疑问句中，表示“敢于”；need表示“必须，需要”。根据语意，这里选D项。答案D12(2010陕西西安摸底)She looks very happy.She _have passed t
28、he exam.I guess so.Its not easy after all.Ashould BcouldCmust Dmight解析句意：她看上去很高兴。她肯定通过考试了。我猜如此，毕竟这种考试很不容易。must/could/might have done都可以表示对过去情况的肯定猜测，只是程度逐渐递减，而结合语境可以判断她通过考试的可能性很大，所以用must have done。而should have done表示的是“本应该做某事但是没有做”。答案C13(2010安徽合肥一调)The captain urged that the mission _before dark.Amus
29、t be finished Bought to be finishedCbe finished Dwas finished解析urge表“竭力主张”，引导that从句时，从句应使用虚拟语气，形式为“should动词原形”，should可以省略。故答案为C项。 答案C14(2010陕西宝鸡质检二)Why hasnt Jack come back yet？_anything have happened to him?Im not sure，but I guess something_.AMay；must have BCan；may haveCMust；may DShould；might have解
30、析在一般疑问句或特殊疑问句中表推测时常用can或could，推测发生过的事情时情态动词后要接完成式，只能选B项。答案B15(2010浙江金华十校联考)Why didnt you come to Mikes birthday party yesterday?Well，I_，but I had something important to do at the moment.Ashould BmustCshould have Dmust have解析should have在这里相当于should have come to Mikes birthday party，即“我本应该去参加Mike的生日晚会
31、的”。should have done表“本应该做某事(但实际上未做)”。答案C16(2010福建四地六校第三次联考)The headmaster recommended that we _to school on time for the afternoon English reading.Ahad come Bwould comeCcome Dcame解析recommend表“建议，劝告”时，其后的宾语从句的谓语用“should动词原形”的虚拟语气形式，且should可以省略。答案C17(2010东北三校一模)Its hard to believe that Jack _have foug
32、ht with the policeman.Yes.If one _ask for trouble，it cant be helped.Awould；will Bmust；mayCshould；must Dneed；dare解析句意：难以置信，杰克竟然与警察打了一架。是的。如果一个人非要找麻烦，实在没法子。句中should表示“竟然”，must表示“硬要，非要”。答案C18(2010山东潍坊质量抽样)Her English composition is much too perfect.She _it herself，I bet.Amight have written Bcant have w
33、rittenCcant write Dmust have written解析句意：她的英语作文太好了，我打赌一定不是她写的。因为write是过去的动作，表示对过去事情的否定推测用canthave done。故选B项。答案B19(2010吉林长春毕业班第一次调研)It is required that the students_ mobile phones in their school，so seldom _them using one.Ashould not use；you will seeBnot use；will you seeCmustnt use；will you seeDnot u
34、se；you will see解析英语中像require，demand，order等表示命令、建议或要求的动词或名词后面的从句中通常使用should do形式的虚拟语气，should可以省略。seldom是否定副词，位于句首时，句子要采用部分倒装语序。答案B20(2010湖南永州模拟)If Rose_ her diamond in a safer place，it _stolen.Ahad put；might beBhad put；might not have beenChad put；could beDhad not put；could not have been解析句意：如果罗斯把她的钻石
35、放在一个更安全的地方，就不可能被偷了。此事发生在过去，因此从句必须用had done，主句用might/could have done，因此选B项。答案B21(2010山东潍坊质检)When we worked in the same firm several years ago，we_often go to the cinema together.Awould BwillCshall Dcould解析句意：当几年前我们在同一家公司工作时，我们常常一起去电影院。would这里表示“(过去)常常”。答案A22(2010浙江杭州高中月考)Many women_a good salary，but t
36、hey chose to stay at home for the family.Amust make Bmust have madeCshould make Dcould have made解析could have done“本来能够做而实际上未做”；must have done“一定做过”。句意：很多女性本来可以有一份高薪的工作，但她们却为了家庭而选择待在家里。答案D23(2010陕西宝鸡质检)You _get a new bicycle as a reward for doing well in the following final exam.Amust BwillCshall Dsh
37、ould解析句意：你在接下来的期终考试中取得好成绩的话，会得到一辆自行车作为奖励。根据语意，此处要用表示许诺的情态动词shall。答案C24(2010湖南师大附中月考)Something in my voice must have made him feel safe，_？Amustnt it Bhasnt itCmust it Dhas it解析在must have done句式的反意疑问句中，若出现具体的时间作状语，则反意疑问句用过去时。如：He must have come here yesterday，didnt he？若没有具体的时间作状语，则反意疑问句用现在完成时。如：He mus
38、t have come here，hasnt he？句意：我说的什么话一定使他感到很安全，是不是？故选B项。答案B25(2010江苏南京第一次调研)The terrible accident is under investigation.Actually，quicker action _those workers trapped in the mine.Amay have saved Bmust have savedCshould have saved Dcould have saved解析从第一句话可知，事故已经发生了，故选D项，could have done表示本可以做而实际上未做，符合语境。答案D
