1、Section Grammar一二一、单句改错 1.According to the radio,it can rain this evening.答案：cancould/might/may 2.You must have studied English for many years,didnt you?答案：didnthavent 3.We may finish our work today,or well be fined.答案：maymust 一二4.You mustnt finish the work now.Theres plenty of time.答案：mustntneednt
2、5.She told him he ought not do it.答案：not后加to 6.I promised that I should do my best.答案：shouldwould 一二7.What will I get for dinner?答案：willshall 8.Your mother was really worried about you.You wouldnt have left home without a word.答案：wouldntshouldnt 一二二、选用正确的情态动词填空 1.Children under 12 years old in that
3、country be under adults supervision when in a public library.2.Mr White have arrived at 8:30 for the meeting,but he didnt show up.3.My cats really fat.You have given her so much food.4.He get here in time,but I cant be sure.5.Youd better put on a heavy coat.Sometimes it be cold here at night.must sh
4、ould shouldnt might can 121.They could/couldnt see the mountains in the distance.他们能/不能看见远处的群山。考点:in the distance 远处的 Thats the Long Island in the distance over there.那边远处就是长岛。考点延伸 阅读下列句子,体会与distance相关的短语的搭配及含义 We can see the tower from the distance.我们从远处就可以看到那个塔。搭配:from the distance 含义:从远处 12Oil pa
5、inting is to be appreciated at a distance.油画要在一定的距离外欣赏。搭配:at a distance 含义:有相当距离,不很近 At a distance of six miles you cant see much.距离六英里以外的东西你很难看清。搭配:at a distance of 含义:在的距离之外 12The distance between my home and the school is two kilometres.我家到学校的距离是2千米。搭配:the distance between.含义:之间的距离 Her father adv
6、ised her to keep her distance from that fellow.她父亲劝她疏远那家伙。搭配:keep ones distance(from)含义:(与)保持距离 12122.Grammar 情态动词 考点:情态动词(1)may和might may和might 表示允许、请求。might 比may 语气更客气、更委婉 Might I take the book out of the library?我可以把这本书带出图书馆吗?表可能性,或许,大概。might 比 may 语气更不肯定 He may be very busy these days.这些天也许他很忙。H
7、e might come tomorrow.明天他也许要来。用 may 表祝愿 May you have a good trip!祝你们旅途愉快!may(might)as well+动词原形:最好,不妨 You might as well go home now.你还是现在回家为好。12may和might may well 完全能;很可能;表示有充分理由做某事 You may well get angry with him.你大可对他发脾气。may 在目的或让步状语从句中构成合成谓语 Write to her at once so that she may know in time.马上给她写
8、信使她及时知道。may/might(not)have done 表示对过去的猜测 He may have been there before.他以前可能去过那儿。He might not have solved the question.他可能尚未解决那个问题。12(2)can和could can和could 表示能力,can 表示现在的能力,could 表示过去的能力 He could swim when he was five.他五岁时就会游泳了。疑问句中表示请求,许可 Can I use your pen?我可以用一下你的钢笔吗?(表请求 could 比 can 更客气,语气更委婉)用于
9、肯定句,表示有时也会 Peter can be hard to deal with at times.彼得有时会难对付。用于疑问句表示惊讶、怀疑、难以置信 How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?他怎么会连开幕式都迟到?用于否定句中表推测 You cant be serious!你别开玩笑了!12can和could can have done 表示对过去事情的怀疑和不确定 She cannot have done it.她不可能做了这件事。Can she have done her homework?她可能做完家庭作业了吗
10、?cannot.too.越越好 You cannot be too careful while taking an exam.你考试时无论怎么小心都不为过。cannot/couldnt but 不得不 I couldnt but choose to wait.我只好选择等待。用 could 表示对过去的猜测和许可 He said he could go.他说他可以去。12can和could 用 could 提出委婉的请求(答语中用 can)Could you help me carry the bag?Yes,I can.帮我搬搬袋子好吗?嗯,可以。could have done 本来能做而实
11、际未做,表遗憾 We could have done it all so much better.但是,我们本可以把这一切做得更好。12(3)must must must 必须,应该,表责任义务 Teachers must be patient enough with their students.老师必须对他们的学生有足够的耐心。must 用于肯定句,表肯定的,绝对的推测 He must be working in his office.他一定正在办公室工作。must not(mustnt)表示绝对禁止 You mustnt speak like that to your mother.不准
12、你那样对你母亲说话。must must 偏要,硬要。表示说话人不满,甚至是生气 Why must you be so late?你为何非要这么晚来呢?must have done 表示对过去的动作或状态的肯定、绝对的推测 The ground is wet.It must have rained last night.地面是湿的,昨晚肯定下雨了。12(4)shall和should shall shall用于第一人称疑问句中,表示征求意见 What shall we do this evening?我们今晚干什么?shall 用于第二、三人称表示“警告、命令、允诺、威胁”等 You shall
13、fail in the exam,if you dont work hard.不努力学习,你就会考试不及格。should should 应该。表义务,责任,也可表示劝告、建议 You should always think of others before yourself.你应当首先想到别人。should 表示按常规、经验、常理推测,可能或应该 Its nearly seven oclock.Jack should be here at any moment.已经快七点了,杰克随时都可能到这儿。12should 提出意见、请求、建议时,可用 should 表示委婉、谦逊的语气,意为“可,倒是
14、”I should think you are right.我以为你是对的。Why/How+should 表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊异等,意为“竟会”I dont know why you should think I did it.我不知道你凭什么认为这件事是我干的。should have done 表示本该做但未做 The plant is dead.Maybe I should have given it more water.这棵植物已死了,也许我早该给它多浇点水。12(5)will和would will 表示意愿、意志和决心,用于各种人称 Tom wont do such a th
15、ing.汤姆绝不会做这样的事情。表示各种倾向或习惯动作 Fish will die without water.没有水鱼会死的。will 用于疑问句中,表邀请、请求 Will you please tell her the news when you see her?见到她时把这则消息告诉她好吗?will 表示经常性、习惯性,意为“难免,总是”These things will happen.这种事难免要发生。条件状语从句可用 will表示意愿或决心 If you will read the book,Ill lend it to you.如果你愿意读这本书,我会把它借给你。12would 表
16、示过去的“意志”“愿望”和“决心”They asked him if he would go abroad.他们问他是否愿意出国。委婉提出请求、建议或看法,比 will 委婉。肯定答语用 will Would you like to go with me?你想和我一块儿去吗?表示习惯性、经常性、倾向性,would 指过去某个特定时期经常性的动作 He would come to see me on Sundays when he was in Beijing.他在北京的时候,每逢星期日他常来看我。12would 在非真实条件句中,主句可以用would/should/could/might加动词
17、原形表示与现在和将来事实不符的虚拟语气 If he were here,he would help us.如果他在这里,他会帮助我们的。If it should rain tomorrow,we would not go camping.如果明天下雨的话,我们就不去野营。在非真实条件句中,主句可以用would/should/could/might have done 表示与过去事实不符的虚拟语气 If it had not been for his help,we would not have succeeded.如果没有他的帮助,我们就不会成功。12(6)need需要 need need 表
18、示“需要”或“必要”。need 既是实义动词,又是情态动词 He neednt do it.=He doesnt need to do it.他没有必要做这件事。回答 Need I.?肯定回答用:Yes,you must;否定回答用:No,you neednt/dont need to/dont have to.Need I tell you all the details?Yes,you must./No,you neednt/dont need to/dont have to.我需要把一切详情告诉你吗?是的,必须。/不,你不必。12need 回答 Must I.?否定回答用No,you n
19、eednt/dont need to/dont have to.Must I hand in my homework today?No,you neednt/dont have to/dont need to.今天我必须交上申请表吗?不,不必。need 后接 doing 可以表被动:need doing=need to be done The garden needs watering.=The garden needs to be watered.花园该浇水了。didnt need to 表示(过去)不必做,(实际)也没做 You didnt need to come.你没必要来。12nee
20、d neednt have done表示不必要做的事而已经做了 You neednt have watered the flowers,for it is going to rain.你没有必要浇花,因为要下雨了。need have done 表示有必要做但没有做 He need have waited for me.他本需要等我。12(7)dare敢、胆敢 dare dare 可用作情态动词。一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中,后接动词原形。作为情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,否定形式为 darent My younger sister dare not go out alone at n
21、ight.我妹妹不敢晚上单独出去。dare 用作实义动词时,有人称和数的变化,用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中,构成否定句和疑问句要借助于助动词do,does 和 did;同时,在否定句中,dont dare to do 中的 to 可以省略 He didnt dare(to)go home.他不敢回家。Does he dare to walk at night?他敢走夜路吗?12dare I dare say 是固定短语,意为:我敢说,恐怕也许是。常用作插入语 I dare say we are late for the meeting.我认为我们开会晚了。How dare you.你怎么敢 H
22、ow dare you ask me such a question?你怎么敢问我这样的问题?I dare you.我谅你也不敢 I dare you to tell your parents!我谅你也不敢告诉你父母!12(8)ought to应该 ought to 表示责任和义务,意为“应该”,语气比 should 稍重 Everyone ought to obey the traffic rules.人人都应该遵守交通规则。表示推测,应该是,会是有很大的可能 Han Mei ought to know his family address.韩梅应该知道他的家庭住址。ought to hav
23、e done本应该做但没做 I ought to have written him a letter.我本应给他写封信。ought not to have done本不应该做但做了 He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他本不应该把旧衣服扔掉。12(9)used to过去常常 used to used to 表示过去的习惯。既可表示过去经常发生的动作,又可表示过去存在的状态 He used to get up early when he lived in the country.他住在乡下时总是早起。Is your father a
24、doctor?Yes,he used to be,but he isnt now.你父亲是一名医生吗?是的,他以前是,但现在不是了。used to do 的否定式:usednt to do 或 didnt use to do They usednt to sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story.他们过去并不是每天晚上坐在院子里听他的故事。12used to used to do 的疑问式(以 he 为例):Did he use to do.?或 Used he to do.?Did you use to go to the same school as your brother?你过去有没有和你的兄弟去同一所学校?121212